语法填空之连词基础知识

1、之 what are we going to do today?to make 1+1=1 连词概说连词概说 作用：用来连接连接作用：用来连接连接词词、词组词组、句子句子或或从句从句的的词。词。并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词 besides, _ is known to all is that no two eggs are the same in the world.比较：比较：_ is known to all, no two leaves are the same in the world._ is known to all that no two leaves are the sam

2、e in the world. as itwhat as系表系表结构结构主语从句主语从句*切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。（08 广州二模） the lives of the ancient people who once livedaround the lake and culture was thought tobe highly advanced, have long remained a secret. 修饰名词people并列两个定语从句，修饰people whose 1. one of the best designers was called steve ki

3、ng, who was clever _ hard-working.rule no.1: 完整句子中，完整句子中，并列的并列的两个单词或短语之间，需要填并列连词。两个单词或短语之间，需要填并列连词。2._ the doctor wanted to examine his legs, he refused to take off his trousers.3._the company had never had women engineers working, we finally decided to let her stay.4.his legs were badly hurt, _ he

4、was taken to the hospital.5. he told the doctor his secret _ he was a woman. 6.the next day the company had a meeting about _ ms king can stay or not.rule no.2: 如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间 或或用用 , 需要填并列连词或从属连词。需要填并列连词或从属连词。 逗号连接逗号连接直接连接直接连接7. we didnt know his secret _ he had an accident.8.she

5、 loved this job so much _ she had pretended to be a man in order to get it. rule no.3: 特殊句式的连词应用特殊句式的连词应用 notuntil sosuchthat. not only but (also); neither nor; either or; not but no sooner than; hardly when be about to when ; be doing when; had just done when连词连词并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词表并列表并列/转折转折/对比对比/选择选

6、择/因果因果 and/but/while/or/for/so名词性从句名词性从句 定语从句定语从句状语从句状语从句 主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 连词词组连词词组 not onlybut also, bothand eitheror, neithernor, that, wh-, how, wh-ever,since, as, because, if, although 判断句意判断句意(逻辑逻辑)分析句子结构分析句子结构确定空格成分确定空格成分确定连词确定连词 判断句意判断句意(逻辑逻辑)分析句子结构分析句子结构分析句子结构分析句子结构分析句子结构

7、分析句子结构分析句子结构分析句子结构分析句子结构分析句子结构分析句子结构分析句子结构考点考点1：并列连词：并列连词表示表示联合联合 and(同，和同，和), when(=and just at this time就就在这时在这时), not onlybut (also)(不仅不仅而而且且), neithernor（既不（既不也不也不） 表示表示选择选择 or(或者，否则或者，否则), otherwise(否则否则), or else(否否则则), either.or(不不是是就是就是) 表示表示转折转折 but(但是，可是，只是因为但是，可是，只是因为), yet(可是可是), notbut(

8、不是不是而是而是) 表示表示对比对比 while(而、却而、却) 表示表示因果因果 for（因为）和（因为）和so（所以，因此）（所以，因此） group 1: 1. we are going to the bookstore in johns car. you can come with us_ you can meet us there later. 2. he came into the classroom, stood in front, _ looked at us angrily. 3. write down the examples _ youll forget them. 4.

9、 he is very poor, _ nobody looks down on him. 5. he is tall _ his elder brother is short.orandorbutwhile确定连词确定连词确定空格成分确定空格成分分析句子结构分析句子结构 判断句意判断句意(逻辑逻辑)1. 只起连接作用，没意思，不作只起连接作用，没意思，不作成分，在宾语从句中可省略成分，在宾语从句中可省略. 2. 表表“是否是否”, “因为因为” ，不作句，不作句子成分子成分.3. 本身有词本身有词义义，在从句中作主、，在从句中作主、宾、表、定宾、表、定. 4. 本身有词义，在从句中作状语本身

10、有词义，在从句中作状语.引导名词从句的连词引导名词从句的连词thatif / whetherbecausewho, whom, whose, which, what, wh-everwhen, where, why, how, wh-ever分析句子结构是关键！分析句子结构是关键！考点考点2 从属连词从属连词名陈述语气；不缺成分；无意义 是否疑问语气；有意义词 主语从句 性 宾语从句从 表语从句句同位语从句从句引导词thatthatthatthat句首用whether有形式主语if/whether均可whether/if;介词后whetherwhetherwhether疑问词疑问词疑问词疑问词

11、what, which, who, when, where, why, howwhatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever所引导的从句中是否缺主语、表语或宾语 汉语意义能否省略 what 缺什么；所的东西、事情 否 that 不缺无意义宾语从句中能省略1. i think that it is unnecessary for me to speak louder.2. his mother is satisfied with what he has done.3. that he was able to come made us happy.

12、4. this is what makes us interested.5. the reason was that tod had never seen the million-pound note before. what, that引导名词性从句时的区别group 2: 1. it is not true _ wu qilong has got married again. 2. i dont know _ mary came from. 3. we must keep it in mind _ we are chinese. 4. they are asking the questio

13、n _ the final exam is difficult. 5. the news _ he succeeded in the exam made his mother very happy. 6. _ gets the first prize will receive a small gift from mary. 7. a modern city has been built in _ was a wasteland(荒地荒地) ten years ago. 8. a thought came to me _ i might use the money to buy some flo

14、wers for my mother. 9. _ was most important to her was her family. 10. he was late for work. that was _ his car broke down. his car broke down. that was _ he was late for work.thatwherethatwhetherthatwhoeverwhatthatwhatbecausewhy引导定语从句的连词（关系词）引导定语从句的连词（关系词）先行词先行词 主语主语 宾语宾语 定语定语 状语状语 人人 12 3物物 456 时间

15、时间 7 地点地点 8原因原因910 11 whothatwho(m)thatwhosewhosewhichthatwhichthatwhenwherewhythat/xin which先行词有先行词有such/the same修饰；句首指代整句修饰；句首指代整句 1.连接句子连接句子2.指代先行词指代先行词3.作成分作成分功能？功能？分析句子结构是关键！分析句子结构是关键！ 先行词 关系词句子成分 主语 宾语或表语 指事物主语、宾语、表语人或事物定语 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语指人that, whothat, who, whomthat, whichwhosewhenwherewhy介词+

16、非限制性定语从句：whomwhich(指人)(指事物)who/whomwhich/as(指人)(指事物)注：注：(1)先行词是先行词是occasion常用常用when，先行词是，先行词是case, situation, scenes等时常用等时常用where。(2)关系副词关系副词when和和where有时可用有时可用“介词介词which”代替，代替，why可用可用for which代替。代替。(3)以下情况只能用以下情况只能用that引导定语从句：引导定语从句：当先行词是指物的当先行词是指物的all, little, few, much, any, anything, everything,

17、 nothing, none, the one时，或先行词被时，或先行词被all, little, few, much, any, every, no等修饰时。等修饰时。先行词是先行词是序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序序数词或最高级形容词时，或者先行词被序数词数词(包括包括last, next)、最高级形容词及、最高级形容词及the only, the very等修饰时。等修饰时。先行词包括人和物时。先行词包括人和物时。当主句是以当主句是以who或或which开头的疑问句时，为了避免开头的疑问句时，为了避免重复，多用重复，多用that引导。引导。(4)不能用不能用that引导定语从句的情

18、况引导定语从句的情况在非限制性定语从句中，不以能用在非限制性定语从句中，不以能用that引导。引导。直接在介词后作宾语时，不能用直接在介词后作宾语时，不能用that引导，要引导，要用用whom, whose或或which，且不能省略。，且不能省略。当先行词是指人的当先行词是指人的all, any, few, one(s), anyone, everyone, those, people, he等时，只能用等时，只能用who。当先行词与关系代词之间有较复杂的短语或当先行词与关系代词之间有较复杂的短语或从句隔开时。从句隔开时。(5)在非限制性定语从句中，表示在非限制性定语从句中，表示“部分与整体部

19、分与整体”的关系时，用的关系时，用of which/whom或者或者of which/whom都可以。都可以。group 3: 1. the actor _ mary likes most is liang chaowei. 2. i like the student _ leg was injured by accident. 3. the first car _ arrived at our school was driven by john. 4. our school, _ is nearly 100 years old, is very famous here. 5. this is

20、 the mountain village _ i stayed last year. this is the mountain village _ i visited last year. 6. october 1 is the day _ the prc was founded. october 1 is the day _ i will never forget. 7. can you tell me the reason _ is used by you again and again? can you tell me the reason _ you gave the book to

21、 me? 8. _ we know, china is a developing country. 9. in the dark street, there wasnt a single person to _ she could turn for help. 10. i really hate the way _ he behaves at school.(who/ whom/that)whosethatwhichwhere(which/that)when (which/that) which/thatwhyaswhomthat/x/in which比较 方式结果目的让步原因条件地点时间 状

22、语从句状语从句引导状语从句的连词引导状语从句的连词种类种类 连词连词 时间时间状语状语从句从句 when（当（当时），时），while（在（在期间），期间），as（当（当，一，一边边一边一边），），before（在（在之前），之前），after（在（在之之后），后），since（从（从以来），以来），till/until（直到），（直到），whenever（无论何时），（无论何时），as soon as（一（一就）就） 地点状地点状语从句语从句 where (在在的地方的地方)，wherever(在在的任何地方的任何地方) 原因状原因状语从句语从句 because(因为因为), as(由于由于

23、), since(既然既然), now (that)(既然既然), when(既然既然), seeing (that) (由于，鉴于由于，鉴于), considering (that)(考虑到考虑到), given (that) (考虑到考虑到) 目的状目的状语从句语从句 so(以便以便), that(以便以便), so that(以便，为了以便，为了), in order that (为了，以便为了，以便)；in case(以防，以免以防，以免), lest(免得，以防免得，以防), for fear that(以免，惟恐以免，惟恐) 引导状语从句的连词引导状语从句的连词理解逻辑意义是关键！

24、理解逻辑意义是关键！结果状结果状语从句语从句 so that（以致，结果），（以致，结果），sothat, suchthat（如（如此此以至于）以至于） 条件状条件状语从句语从句 if, unless (=ifnot如果不如果不，除非，除非), as/so long as(只只要要), while(=as long as只要只要), supposing (that)/provided /providing (that)(假如假如), in case(假使假使), on condition that(在在的条件下的条件下) 让步状让步状语从句语从句 although, though, as, w

25、hile(虽然虽然), even if/though(即使即使), whetheror(不论不论/不管不管还是还是) 以及以及“疑问词疑问词+ever”和和“no matter+疑问词疑问词” 比较状比较状语从句语从句 as.as（和（和一样），一样），not as/so.as（和（和不一不一样），样），than（比），（比），the more.the more（越（越越）越） 方式状方式状语从句语从句 as(正如正如)，as if 或或 as though(好像好像) group 4: 1. he was playing football outside _ it began to rain

26、. 2. i was about to go out _ the telephone rang. 3. jack didnt marry _ he was forty-five. 4. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. 5. it wont be long _ we meet again. 6. generally speaking, air will be heavily polluted _ there are many factories. 7. _ it was very cold, he went on working. 8. he

27、may fail his test again _ he follows my advice. 9. marys voice was so loud _ the students in the back heard her clearly. 10. it is _ he told a lie that his mother was angry.whenwhenuntilasbeforewherealthoughunlessthatbecause划出已划出已有连词有连词 判断已有连词在判断已有连词在 句子中的作用：句子中的作用： 并列成分 ？ 并列句子？ 引导哪种从句？ 分清主从句缩小范围，缩小范围，分析空格所在句子分析空格所在句子根据句意、语根据句意、语境，选择恰当境，选择恰当连词连词长难句大概分析流程：长难句大概分析流程：理解句子意思，理解句子意思，分析空格所填词