选定过去分词做状语

1、grammar: the past participle phrase used as adverbial过去分词短语作状语过去分词短语作状语1. 状语是用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句法成份 2. 一般是副词、介词词组、动词不定式、分词或者分词短语they were sitting on the floor.she spoke english very well.the teachers come here to listen to my lesson.什么是状语什么是状语 (adverbial)？1. while he was watchin

2、g tv,he heard a knock at the door.2. if the town is seen from the top of the hill,it looks more beautiful.时间状语从句时间状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句3. as the watch is used for a long time ,it needs repairing .4. the boy will be blind in both eyes unless he is treated on time.5. though he had seen told many times he c

3、ouldnt understand it.原因状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句seen from the space, the earth looks blue. when the earth is seen from space, the earth looks blue.kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.if these vegetables are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.探究与体验：

4、探究与体验： 请观察下列各组句子之间的变化请观察下列各组句子之间的变化关系，并学会模仿。关系，并学会模仿。总结：总结：-ed分词短语在两个例句中分别作分词短语在两个例句中分别作_、_. 其逻辑主语为其逻辑主语为_且与分词且与分词之间为之间为_时间状语时间状语条件状语条件状语被动关系被动关系/动宾关系动宾关系句子的主语句子的主语表示表示原因原因表示表示伴随情况伴随情况表示表示让步让步deeply moved, the children began to cry.as they were deeply moved, the children began to cry.she walked out

5、of the house, followed by her little daughter.she walked out of the house, and she was followed by her little daughter.beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.observe 1. seen from space, the earth looks like a big bl

6、ue ball. 2. moved by the film, he started crying. 3. heated, water changes into steam. 4. defeated again, he didnt lose heart. 5. the professor went into the courtyard, followed by his wife.when it isbecause he wasif it is although he wasand he wasadverbial 状语时间状语时间状语原因原因条件条件让步让步伴随状语伴随状语 (when it is

7、) seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. (because he was) moved by the film, he started crying. (if it is) heated, water changes into steam. (although he was) defeated again, he didnt lose heart. the professor went into the courtyard, (and he was) followed by his wife.时间状语时间状语原因状语原因状

8、语条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语伴随状语伴随状语-ed分词（短语）作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词_等，以便明确作何种状语。when, if, once, though, unless when it is seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. because he was moved by the film, he started crying. if it is heated, water changes into steam. when seen from space, the earth looks like a

9、big blue ballbecause moved by the film, he started cryingif heated, water changes into steam2.过去分词作状语表示过去分词作状语表示_或或_的动作的动作,相当相当一个状语从句。一个状语从句。3.过去分词作状语时其过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语逻辑主语与与主句的主语主句的主语要保要保持持一致一致。过去分词作状语过去分词作状语 被动被动完成完成summary1.过去分词在句子中可以作过去分词在句子中可以作_、_、_、_、_状语等。状语等。时间时间原因原因方式方式让步让步条件条件absorbed in deep

10、thought, he didnt hear the sound. surprised at what had happened, tom didnt know what to do. 1，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主语的状态。时不表被动而表主语的状态。lost (迷路迷路); seated (坐坐); hidden (躲躲); lost / absorbed in (沉溺于沉溺于); born (出身于出身于); dressed in (穿着穿着); 2，由某些动词后面加，由某些动词后面加-ed转化来的形容词也具转化来的形容词也具

11、有此用法。有此用法。如：如：frightened, satisfied, tired, disappointed等。等。重难点辨析（一）：不表被动的特殊情况重难点辨析（一）：不表被动的特殊情况重难点辨析（二）：分词的独立主格结构 当分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，分当分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，分词可以有自己的独立主语，二者构成独立主格词可以有自己的独立主语，二者构成独立主格结构结构。1. after our homework was done, we went home. our homework done, we went home. 2. because her glasse

12、s is broken, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard. her glasses broken, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard. 分词作状语答题记忆口诀分词作状语答题记忆口诀分词作状语，主要看主语。分词作状语，主要看主语。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。逗号前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动主动-ing,被动用被动用-ed。having been done 表先后，表先后，千万要牢记。千万要牢记。将下列从句改为过去分词短语作状语a时间状语1g

13、enerally speaking, when the drug is taken according to thedirections, it has no side effect._2 when the sunrise was seen from the top of mount tai, itwas indeed a spectacle._ generally speaking, taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. seen from the top of mount tai, the sunri

14、se was indeed a spectacle.b原因状语3since we are greatly encouraged by what the teacher said,we have made up our mind to study even harder._4as she was given advice by the famous detective, the younglady was no longer afraid._ greatly encouraged by what the teacher said, we have made up our mind to stud

15、y even harder. given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. c条件状语5if we are united, we will overcome any trouble._6 if i had been given more time, i would have solved themath problem._if united, we will overcome any trouble.given more time, i would have solved the math

16、problem.d让步状语7though he was left alone at home, sam did not feel afraidat all._8 though he has been encouraged by his parents severaltimes, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties._though left alone at home, sam did not feel afraid at all. though encouraged by his parents several t

17、imes, he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties. e方式状语9he seems as if he were hit by the lightning._10 hearing the news, the girl turned away, and she wasdisappointed._he seems as if hit by the lightning. hearing the news, the girl turned away, disappointed.f伴随状语11the monitor came into the clas