初中英语五种基本句型总结课件60841PPT课件

1、英语五种基本句型：英语五种基本句型：基本句型一基本句型一: : + + （主谓）（主谓）基本句型二基本句型二: : + + + +（主系表）（主系表）基本句型三基本句型三: : + + + +O O （主谓宾）（主谓宾）基本句型四基本句型四: : + + + +IOIO + +O O（主谓间宾（主谓间宾 直宾）直宾）基本句型五：基本句型五： + + + +O O + +（主谓宾宾补）（主谓宾宾补）第1页/共38页 1.They work hard. 主 + 谓 2.Plants need water. 主 + 谓 + 宾 3.The flower is dead. 主 + 系 + 表 4.He

2、 gives me some seeds. 主 + 谓 + 直宾 + 间宾 5.We should keep the plants in the shade. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补第2页/共38页1.She sings.2.She sings songs.3.She is a singer.4.She sang him a song.5.She asked him to sing too.第3页/共38页1、Toms sister,Mary,sings wery well.2, Every morning she sings folk songs at the top of her v

3、oice near the window.3, If she works hard, she may become a famous singer some day.第4页/共38页4,Every morning,she sings countless songs to her brother,and give him no peace.5,Sometimes,naughty Mary would ask her angry brother to sing together with her.第5页/共38页 基本句型基本句型 一一 + +（主谓）（主谓）此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓

4、语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。第6页/共38页walk. look. swim. go. come. work. run, live. stay , arrive .go to , look at, listen to The sun was shining. The moon rose. 第7页/共38页 We all breathe, eat, and drink. He runs in the park. They talked for half an hour. The pen writes smoothly. Bir

5、ds fly. Class begins. They also play together after school. 第8页/共38页He often runs in the morning. He often walks after supper.He always swims in summer. Flowers grow in spring. He is lying under the tree. I live far away from school.We travel by bicycle.第9页/共38页 I get there at eight. The bus goes al

6、ong Yuhua Road.The wind is blowing.The days start before 6 oclock.The bus stopped at the station.They live on the ninth floor.My eyes hurt.The students study hard. The sun shines in summer.第10页/共38页 基本句型基本句型 二二 + + + +O O （主谓宾）（主谓宾） 共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫

7、做及物动词及物动词。第11页/共38页1. Who 2. She 3. He 4. He 5. They 6. Danny 7. I 8. He knows laugh at understands made ate likes want said the answer? her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts.to have a cup of tea. Good morning. 第12页/共38页Who knows the answer? She smiled her thanks. He has refused to help them. He

8、enjoys reading. They ate three apples. 第13页/共38页He said Good morning. I want to have a cup of tea. He often plays football.I have two brothers. He never rides his bicycle to school We watch television after supper 第14页/共38页Stop talking. She likes her job.Birds are making their nests. My father read

9、the book.They want to go. I know him very well Many people like traveling by bus. 第15页/共38页You must listen to me. Look at the blackboard.I get on the bus.He looks after his brother.They put up a new hospital.第16页/共38页基本句型基本句型 三三（主系表）（主系表）共同的特点： 句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这

10、类动词叫做连系动词连系动词。第17页/共38页1、表示情况或状态：（1）、be, keep, seem,appear 状态（2）、feel,smell, sound,taste look,等感官动词变化而来（3）、keep,stay,continue,remain,go rise不及物动词变化而来。第18页/共38页2、表示主语变化过程：get, grow, become, turn，go, come等。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。第19页/共38页 This is an English-Chinese dictionary. The dinn

11、er smells good. He fell in love. Everything looks different. He is growing tall and strong. The trouble is that they are short of money. 第20页/共38页Our well has gone dry. His face turned red. It is an apple. Im thirteen years old.They are in the park. The tall man is my father.Im poor at English. 第21页

12、/共38页The food tastes nicer,It gets warmer and warmer. The days are longer.He became a scientist. His face goes red. 第22页/共38页 基本句型基本句型 四四 （主谓间宾 直宾） 共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。表示动作是“对着谁”，“为了谁”做的，往往指人。怎样才能知道动作是“为了谁”还是“对着谁”，那就要根据间接宾语是表示动作的方向还是动作的目的来定。 第23页/共38页pass, give,

13、offer, lend, send, sell, show,bring, hand, tell, return,write,pay,teach,promise等动词表示方向，即动作是“对着谁”，后的间接宾语前用to,构成sth + to sb. 如: lend the book to me. The old man gave the apple to the boy .第24页/共38页buy, build,make, do, fetch, get, play, save, cook, sing, find, 动词后的间接宾语是表示目的，即动作是“为了谁”做的，后用sth + for sb.结

14、构。 My brother bought a dictionary for me. My mother made a cake for me.第25页/共38页间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，即：动词+间宾+直宾He gave me an apple.She bought her daughter a new bike.He told us an old story.Lao Li cooked a nice dinner.第26页/共38页He gave me a pen.=He gave a pen to me. She made me a cake.=She made a cake for

15、me. He will buy some books for me. He gave a nice present to her yesterday.Her mother bought a new watch for her last week.第27页/共38页但当直接宾语是人称代词，间接宾语是名词时，或两个宾语都是人称代词时，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时在间接宾语前必须加to或for.如： I pass it to my mother. She threw them to me. 关键是牢记只能接to和for 的动词。第28页/共38页I showed him my pictures.

16、I gave my car a wash.I told him that the bus was late. She passed him a new dress.She cooked her a delicious meal. 第29页/共38页 She brought her husband a dictionary. He bought you nothing. I showed her my pictures.I gave him a hand. I told him how to run the machine.第30页/共38页 基本句型基本句型 五五 + +O +（主谓宾宾补）

17、共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意完整。第31页/共38页They made her happy. I saw her dance. I found the movie interesting. He left the door open. He asked me to come back. I saw them getting on the bus.第32页/共38页1、动词不定式作宾补时有三种情况： 1）、在ask, tell, invite, force, get, allow, help, wish, want

18、, like, hate, prefer等动词后，应用带to的不定式。 2）、在感官动词see, hear, watch,listen to, notice, feel, look at,和使役动词have, make, let 后，不定式不带to. 3)、help 后的宾语补足语可带to 也可不带。第33页/共38页2、常用分词作宾补的动词有：see, watch, notice, hear, feel, make, have, get, keep, find等。3、现分和过分作宾补时有区别：“宾语+现分”在逻辑上是主动关系；“宾语+过分”在逻辑上是被动关系。 I saw someone knoking at the door. I saw the door knocked at.第34页/共38页They painted the door green. I found the boy sitt