牛津译林版8BUnit4Grammar课件(共43张PPT)

1、Unit 4 A good readGrammar1. 我们的船撞到岩石后，我尽力游远些。我们的船撞到岩石后，我尽力游远些。2. 当我最终感觉到脚下陆地的时候，我筋疲当我最终感觉到脚下陆地的时候，我筋疲 力尽了。力尽了。3. 我的胳膊、腿和头发被拴在了地面上。我的胳膊、腿和头发被拴在了地面上。After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out.My arms, legs and

2、hair were tied to the ground.4. 他和我的小手指一样大。他和我的小手指一样大。5. 这噪音使他们都摔倒了。这噪音使他们都摔倒了。 6. 他们继续在我的身上走来走去。他们继续在我的身上走来走去。7. 我也不知道说什么。我也不知道说什么。 He was the same size as my little finger. The noise made them all fall over. They continued moving across my body. I did not know what to say either.Words and phrases

3、reviewvi. 交；递，给交；递，给上交，递交上交，递交等等等等n. 评论评论vt. 归还归还准时准时vt. 续借；更新；重新开始续借；更新；重新开始handhand inand so onreviewreturnon timerenewCould Gulliver communicate with the tiny man? Why not? -No, he couldnt. -Because he couldnt understand him and didnt know what to say either.一些动词后，可以接一些动词后，可以接 wh-特殊疑问词特殊疑问词 + to

4、do sth 作宾语，如：作宾语，如：what, which, who, whose, when, where, how 等，等，注意：注意：why 不可以用于该结构不可以用于该结构。Using question words + to-infinitivese.g. Millie has decided what to read. Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book.Simon forgot when to meet his friends. Kitty cannot decide which to choose first.Sa

5、ndy is wondering where to ask for help.Amy does not know how to write the report.“疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”结构作动词的宾结构作动词的宾语语。疑问词包括。疑问词包括疑问代词疑问代词who, what, which; 疑问副词疑问副词when, how, where等等.wonder 想知道想知道explain 解释解释 explain sth to sb. 常和常和“疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”结构结构连用的连用的动词和动词短语有动词和动词短语有: advise, ask, decide

6、, discuss, find out, forget, know, tell, learn, remember, say, show, teach, think, understand, wonder, explainAndy doesnt know _.what to wearMillie cant decide _.which book to buyThey dont know _ to the station.how to go He doesnt know _. 他不知道怎样处理这些垃圾。他不知道怎样处理这些垃圾。 I dont know _. 我不知道说什么。我不知道说什么。 We

7、 want to learn _ plays. 我们想要学习如何写剧本。我们想要学习如何写剧本。 what to do with the rubbishwhat to sayhow to writeThe teacher told the students _the difficult problem. 老师告诉学生如何解决这道难题。老师告诉学生如何解决这道难题。Can you show _ a paper boat? 你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？ 有些动词，如有些动词，如advise, ask, show, teach, tell等，其后可以接双宾语。等，其后

8、可以接双宾语。 how to solve me how to makeMr Wu advised us which to choose as after-school activities.The students asked their teacher when to hand in their work.Millie showed us what to do next.Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw.Dont forget to tell your mum where to meet you.V+ + 宾语宾语+ +

9、疑问词疑问词+ + to do有些疑问词，如有些疑问词，如what, which, whose, how many, how much等，其后可以等，其后可以先接一个名先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。词，再接动词不定式。我不知道选哪个话题。我不知道选哪个话题。I dont know which topic to choose. They are discussing which color to paint the walls. You can ask your parents how much money to take with you.V+疑问词疑问词+n+ to dowhatwhichw

10、hosehow many/how mucheg:我们还没决定住哪个房间。We havent decided which room to live in.他们在讨论暑假去几个地方游玩。They are discussing how many places to visit in the summer holiday.在在“疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”结构前，结构前，有时有时也可以是形容词，如也可以是形容词，如sure, clear等。等。我不确定走哪条路。我不确定走哪条路。I am not sure which way to take.Suzy was not sure who to

11、 ask for help.Are you clear when to meet at the gate tomorrow?eg: 我不确定怎样照顾电子狗。我不确定怎样照顾电子狗。 2. 你清楚下一步该做什么吗？你清楚下一步该做什么吗？ Im not sure how to look after an e-dog.Are you clear what to do next?adj+ 疑问词疑问词+ to do“疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”结构在句中还可结构在句中还可以以作主语和表语。作主语和表语。How to use the machine is a question. （作主语）

12、（作主语）The question is when to go there. （作表语）（作表语） “疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”作宾语时，相当作宾语时，相当于于 一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。 Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the bookshop? =Excuse me. Can you tell me _ the bookshop?注意：注意：所有疑问词中，只有所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不不可以与动词不定式连用。定式连用。how I can get to All question wo

13、rds can be used in this way, except “why”Suzy will explain why to recommend this book. Suzy will explain why she recommends this book. I want to introduce Gullivers Travels. The book is about Gullivers trips in some strange countries. A lot of amazing things happened to him. And he also had a lot of

14、 difficulty. Its exciting and interesting.He didnt know where he could find other people. where to find other peopleHe didnt know how he could break the ropes. how to break the ropesHe wondered who he could ask for help. who to ask for helpAt last, he found out what he could do with the tiny men. An

15、d he decided when he should leave Lilliput. when to leave Lilliputwhat to do with the tiny menLets work out the rules1. 动词+ 疑问词+ to do2. 动词+ 宾语+ 疑问词+ to do3. 动词+ 疑问词+ 名词+ to do4. 形容词+ 疑问词+ to do Amy: Mr Wu has recommended so many interesting books. Have you decided_ first, Daniel?Daniel: Yes. I want

16、 to read Black Beauty first. But I dont know _the book first.Amy: You can try our school library or Sunshine Library. Oh, did you know Peter is reading Around the World in Eighty Days? He wants to find out _ around the world in such a short time. which to readwhere to findtravelhow tohowwhatwhenwher

17、e whichwhoask for find hand in readtravel write aboutDaniel: Wow, thats amazing! By the way, can you tell me _our book report?Amy: Before next Friday. Im still not sure _ in the report.Daniel: You can write anything about your bookwhat the book is about, what you think of it and so on. You should re

18、ad some reviews about the book before writing.Amy: Thank you. Anyway, I know_ help with writing. Mr Wu is always there to help. whowhat whenask for hand in write aboutwhen to hand inwhat towrite aboutwho to ask for1. 向我们推荐如此多有趣的书2. 区别 find out 与 find e.g. 1) -Have you _ your watch? -Not yet. 2) The

19、teacher wanted to _ who broke the window.3. 在如此短的时间内4. 上交你们的作业 把它交上来5.等等 recommend so many interesting books to usfind out 查明，查明， 弄明白弄明白; find 找到找到in such a short time hand in your homework =hand your homework in hand it inand so on find outfound6. 看一些有关这本书的评论e.g. 1) Why dont you read some film _ af

20、ter _ it? 2) The _ of the play was written by a famous writer. 7. 向吴老师寻求写作方面的帮助read some reviews about the bookreviewsseeingreview 可数名词：评论可数名词：评论; 也可作动词：复习也可作动词：复习 (= go over)e.g. The students are busy _ for a test.reviewingask Mr. Wu for help with writingreviewWish you to read more and get moreEnjo

21、y reading, enjoy your lifeBe more knowledgeable, Be happier! 1. “I must run away from them,” Gulliver thought. 2. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge. 3. You must not smoke in the library. 4. We do not have to go to school at weekends. =do not need tomust 表示“有义务”，“必须”做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用

22、于肯定句和疑问句，“必须，得，要”。e.g. 你今天必须完成家庭作业。 You must finish your homework today. must 的否定形式mustnt, 表示禁止: “不准”。e.g. 课堂上你们不许发出噪音。 You mustnt make any noise in class.have to 表示一种客观的需要，“不得不”。有人称和数的变化。e.g. 天快黑了，他现在得回家了。 It is getting dark. He has to go home now. have to 的否定形式do not have to, 相当于need not/ do not n

23、eed to.e.g. 他们目前没有必要买电脑。 They do not have to buy a computer at the moment.我必须努力学习功课。 (主观意愿）I must work hard at my lessons. 我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观需要）I have to look after mother at home. Because she is ill. 我们不必等他。他已经离开了。We dont have to wait for him. He has left.这里禁止游泳。You mustnt swim here. More examples1

24、. -Must we finish all the exercises today? -Yes, you _. / No, you _.2. You _ throw rubbish on the ground.3. Its going to rain. You _ water flowers.4. Simons name is on the cover of the book. It _ be his. It _ be yours.mustneedntmustntdont have tomustcant注意: must 还可以表示肯定猜测，意思是 “一定” 。否定的猜测是cant.e.g. 走

25、了那么远的路，你一定饿了吧。 You must be hungry after walking such a long way. eg. 那肯定不是Lucy，她已经去了美国。 That cant be Lucy. She has gone to the USA.Library rules (准则) You (1) keep quiet in the library.You (2) keep the books clean and tidy.You (3) draw or write in the books.You (4) eat of drink in the library. You (5

26、) return the books on time. If you want to keep them longer, you (6) renew them.You (7) bring your student card every time you go to the library, but remember to bring your library card.mustmustmustntmusthave todont have tomustnt1. 按时把书还给图书馆2. 续借书e.g. If you want to _, you _. 如果你想借这些书久一点，你得续借。3. Eve

27、ry time +从句，主句 “每当”e.g. 她害怕狗。每次看到狗，她就会跑开。 return the book to the library on timerenew bookskeep the books longerhave to renew themre- 前缀前缀 表示重新表示重新 e.g. rebuild ；remarry 重建重建再婚再婚 Shes afraid of dogs. Every time she sees a dog, shell run away.完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1. I dont know _ (在会上说什么在会上说什么).2. Can you tell me _ (在哪里能买到这本书在哪里能买到这本书)?3. Have you decided _ _ (怎样度假怎样度假)?what to say at the meetingwhere to buy this bookhow to spendyour holiday Someone has put away(收拾，整理收拾，整理) the books. You_do it. A. mustnt B. neednt C. shouldnt D. cant2. Its the l