写作教程第版u课件

1、写作教程第版u1english writing iienglish writing ii写作教程第版u2warm-up activitieswarm-up activities introduce your university/dormitory/classroom.introduce your university/dormitory/classroom. whats your overall impression of the university? which building or location catches your attention first? which place

2、do you want to describe next? and then? what do you want to describe last? what order does your description follow? why do you choose this order?写作教程第版u3 reference reference : in a paragraph describing your university, you might develop the paragraph by space in several different ways: 1) you might

3、use some important landmarkimportant landmark, for example, the library, and describe other locations in relation to it. relation to it. the order in which you discuss each location is not as important as their relationships with the landmark.写作教程第版u4 2) you might use an importantimportant landmark

4、as the starting point and move from it to the next location, on to another, and so on, perhaps ending back at the original landmarkback at the original landmark. 3) another type of development by space might stress the boundaries the boundaries of an area. the order in which these are listed is not

5、necessarily important so long as there is a logical progression logical progression from location to location. 4) still another spatial development might stress the inter-relationshipsinter-relationships between locations. 写作教程第版u5unit 3 placesunit 3 places in this unit emphasis will be laid on the

6、organizational features of description by spacespace or spatialspatial order.写作教程第版u6part ii development by spacepart ii development by space development by space order: left to right, right to left, near to far, far to near, low to high, high to low, etc.写作教程第版u7 pages 26-27 read sample 2 and sampl

7、e 3and finish the following tasks. 1. analyze their paragraph structuresparagraph structures. 2. underline the transitional signalstransitional signals. 3. summarize the orderorder of the details in each sample. 4. what are different writing techniques/ features in supporting descriptive writing? an

8、d their different effectseffects?写作教程第版u8 sample 2 questions: 1. which is the topic sentence? the first sentence is the topic sentence. 2. whats the method used to develop the paragraph? the paragraph is developed in space order.写作教程第版u9 3. please finish the following partial outline according to ho

9、w the details are arranged. the central focus is a deplorable barn. the general arrangement of details is from the outside of the barn to the inside. there are two other patterns: details concerning the outside are arranged from top to bottom; those concerning the inside are arranged from left to ri

10、ght, to the rear, and finally to the overhead 写作教程第版u10 summarize the pattern of the paragraph:summarize the pattern of the paragraph: this paragraph is a description of “my grandfathers barn.” in order to create a “deplorable” impression“deplorable” impression, the writer selects very specific word

11、s and arranges these descriptive details in a natural order of their physical layoutphysical layout: from the exterior to from the exterior to the interior the interior of the barn. the details concerning the outside of the barn are arranged from the top of the barn to the bottom; those about the in

12、side are arranged from left to right, to the rear, and finally to the overhead. through this orderly sequence, the reader can visualize the scene very vividly and grasp the relationships of the objects.写作教程第版u11 sample 3 questions: 1. what is described in the paragraph? an athletes room is described

13、 in the paragraph.写作教程第版u12 3. first match the objects described with the corresponding phrases of location. then put them in the right order according to the sequence in which they appear in the description. 1) closet to my right 2) cap on the shelf 3) bed the far wall 4) lamp on the top of the nig

14、htstand to the left of the bed写作教程第版u13 5) schedule on the wall above the nightstand 6) desk the left wall 7) medals on the shelves 8) window next to the desk 9) dresser between the window and the left corner写作教程第版u14 2. what does the writer describe first? and last? what order does he/she follow? w

15、hat do you think he/she has followed that particular order? the first thing the writer describes is the closet, and the last is a dresser. the description is organized according to the spatial order. the writer presents an orderly description just as his eyes might move from from right to left aroun

16、d the room.right to left around the room.写作教程第版u15 summarize the pattern of the sample paragraphsummarize the pattern of the sample paragraph this sample paragraph displays an artistic grouping of details in space. things are related to each other by the order in by the order in which they are place

17、d in spacewhich they are placed in space. with the use of specific space signals,specific space signals, we are led by the writer to experience the room vividly from from right to left, from larger items to smaller right to left, from larger items to smaller ones as if we were actually “seeing” it.o

18、nes as if we were actually “seeing” it.写作教程第版u16organizational structureorganizational structure sample 1 (page 25)sample 1 (page 25) read these two paragraphs, identify the different writing techniques, and summarize the different effect of them. 写作教程第版u17 paragraph aparagraph a is developed accord

19、ing to time sequence, which shows the chronological order through the use of such time signals as 30,000,000 years ago, 2400 bc, 600 bc, ad 200, ad 100. paragraph bparagraph b is arranged according to space, which describes the cultivation of the grape from its original place.写作教程第版u18 here are the

20、places mentioned in paragraph b. grape cultivation starting from the caspian sea to asia minor greece sicily france germany england india america写作教程第版u19 can you identify the order in which the places are introduced? (para. b) the places are introduced in an order of “west to east, near to far”写作教程

21、第版u20 the different effect of these two paragraphs: a: the history of the grape b: the grape cultivation in different areas写作教程第版u21linking deviceslinking devices page 28, sample this is a rather complex paragraph of description introducing a place. what features and techniques could you summarize a

22、nd learn from it? 写作教程第版u22linking deviceslinking devices questions 1.this sample paragraph is developed according to spatial order. can you identify those words or phrases that show spatial order? what is their effect? words and phrases that indicate location: inside, in the right-hand side, in the

23、 opposite end, down the center, at the end of, the left-hand.写作教程第版u23 these spatial connectors suggest that the writer organizes the paragraph in a particular order, i.e. from one side from one side of the pet shop to the centerto the center, and then to the to the other sideother side, thus making

24、 the description clear and orderly. as a result, readers will not get lost while the description proceeds.写作教程第版u24 2. what is the general impression created in the paragraph? make a list of all the details you can find that support the general impression. the general impression of the place describ

25、ed is “depressingdepressing.” the specific details: puppies behind glass; unpleasant smell; chained birds; rows of cages; dirty tub of turtles; stuffy atmosphere; kittens in the window; sounds of caged animals; dropping and urine on newspapers.写作教程第版u25 4. has the writer focused on one or more of th

26、e senses of sight, sound, taste, smell, etc.? is it effective? in addition to sight, the writer has also appealed to the other senses such as touch, hearing, and smell. through the rich perceptions the reader will gain a fuller and more vivid picture of the scene.写作教程第版u26 5. complete the following

27、blanks: examples of description concerning sightsight: black-and-white kittens piled together; a line of large wooden perches; parrots flutter their clipped wings; stagnant-looking water; motionless turtles; examples of description concerning soundsound: clawing, shuffling sound;写作教程第版u27 examples of description concerning smellsmell: unpleasant mixture of strong chemical deodorizers; urine-soaked newspapers; musty sawdust; examples of d