人教版九年级化学(上册)知识点大全(基础篇)

1、management systems and measures esta blishedby, and a numberof pragmatic,com bined part -time workforce education information, theprotection of the digitalcampusconstruction and sustainabledevelopment. Six Bureau attaches great importance to information te chnology security, information technologyse

2、curity,entrust XX CityCenter foreducational i nformation and equipment dedicate d to t he work.Networksecurity leading groupwas set up, chaired by the Education Burea u Chief, head, for XX education Metro-networkand information securityemergencyresponse leader ship. Deputy groupleader forXX educatio

3、nalmetropolitan area network and i nformationsecurity emergency responsecoordination, command. The team assist leader and deputy leader, responsible fornetw ork XX networksecurity and information . Team. Information security workConference held each semester, and deplassessme nt is include d in t he

4、 annual index. Strictly implement the information securitybudget to ensure information securityof investment.By XX,education information and equipmentCentreXX network network se curity and informationse curity. According to t he information technology security requirements, issueda document requires

5、schools (units) implement,defined the information security guideli nes,spe cific work practice s, procedures, and requirements.Clear industry information security incidents (accidents) to detect, report a nddisposalprocesses. According to self-examination, theschool (units)basic establi she d has ne

6、twork security management system; theschool (units) according to this units actual, esta blishedhas unitspersonnel management, information system room management, and e qui pment management, and mesystem; developed has computer and t he networkof networksecurity responsibility held system,signe d ha

7、s network security responsibility; websiteof information management personnel is responsible for confidential management, pa ssword management, on computer enjoys independent right,User name and password of the computer for its proprietary, and release of provisions i s prohi bited, such as leaks, i

8、 nvestigated for responsibility. According to w ho is incharge of who's in charge, who is running and who is responsible for, who usesprinciples of who is in charge of management schools (units) defined the roles and responsibilitiesof information security, assurance responsibilities to schools.

9、 XX cityschools (units) total site 20, 19of which were not classified securityprote ction a ssessment,of which 1 ( XX education and resource network) for classified securityprotection level s, wit hout thirdplatform), contains features with e-Government, resource library, test database, mail service

10、s, such as e-books, all intranet services.No for grade protection grading record and evaluation of school (units), requirements the school (units) according to information security grade protection aboutpolicy and standard,organization carried out information security gradeprotection security manage

11、ment system construction, and technology measures constructi on and grade evaluation, implementation grade prote ction system of the requirements, makes information system security management level obviouslyfacility up to 160 million Yuan, according to thestandard, high quality planni ng XX educatio

12、nal metropolitan area network realizes Wan Z haok uan toschools, hundreds of megabytes of broadband to the table, ' wire ' (ie: Web, video, audio) to the target, electroni c white boards, multimedia classrooms, remote interactive video teaching system of modern educational equipment in thecl

13、assroom. .With Intel companyonXX E ducation City domain network of topiccasedesign, relies on Cisco company thought Shu aid chuan project staff free provides has three years technology support, from 2009began, according to hig h standards, and high of work thought, and manpowerplanning, and points s

14、tep implementation, using school earthquake Hou reconstructionof opportunities, again pla nni ng elementary and middl e schools campus network and education citydomain netw ork, and local broadcasting network companycooperati on,using broa dcast TVnetwork,will physical fiber laying to eachschool, to

15、 minimumof cost achieved has physical fiber school school pass; Each schoolconstruction standardsof campus network and network access to all rooms;XX education metropolitan areanetw ork center machine room equipment in the Ministry of educationstandardization management platform, theCentral Library

16、of audio-visual education resourplatform, implemented links the twoplatforms. At present, thecity's primary and middle school students tocomputer 3198, vitality than10:1; 809 equi pmentclasses through the classroom (primary andsecondary); 36 of thecampus network. The establishment of an advanced

17、,practical Gigabit educational metropolitan areanetwork, the city'sschools have access to educational metropolitan area network, schoolshave computernetworks, close d-circuit television network, broadcast networks into theclassrooms, realize the triple pla y.Schools share Internetbandwi dth, can

18、 meetthe needs of teachingof the school office a nd at any time. According to Ministry of educationon full started implementation teachi ng points digital education resources full cover projectof notification (taught technical letter (2012) 74th,) andXXProvi nce Departmentof education on issuedXXpro

19、vince teaching points(2013) 18th,) requirements, I city 6a teachingpoi nts implementation teachi ng points digital education resources full cover project,combined Icity specificsituation,developed issued hasXX City Bureauon teachi ng points digital resources fullcoverproje ct of implementation progr

20、amme, EstablishedXX, full coverage ofdigital resources in modern dista nceeducation teachingproject leading group, XX,chaired the Se cretary for education.Establishe d, digital resources i n moderndista nce e ducation teaching,XX full coverage proje ct group,XX, Director of theCenter for educational

21、 information a nd equi pment chaired Zhu Guiyan, responsible fordistance educationdigital resources coveringproject work.Projects in XX city schooldigital resources in moder n distance education teaching full-coverageprovince, responsible for university education digital resourcescoveri ng project m

22、anagement and implementation. A ccording to province s arrangements, I Center has arrangements Gong九年级化学（上册）知识点大全（基础篇）第一单元走进化学世界一、药品的取用使用化学药品要做到 " 三不 " ：不能用手接触药品；不要把鼻孔凑到容器口去闻药品的气味；不得尝任何药品的味道。实验室用剩的药品做到" 三不：不能放回原瓶；不要随意丢弃；更不要拿出实验室。1. 固体药品的取用小颗粒或粉末状药品应用药匙或纸槽。" 一斜二送三直立 "块状或密度大的金

23、属颗粒可用镊子夹取。" 一横二放三慢竖 "2. 液体药品取用(1) 少量液体可用胶头滴管取用， 向指定仪器中滴入时， 应在仪器的正上方垂直滴入。注意：胶头滴管不能倒放、乱放、平放，应放在指定位置不要伸入容器内，一般要做到悬空垂直四不要。（ 2）从细口瓶倒取试液时，应把瓶塞拿下，倒放在桌上，倒液体时，瓶上的标签应向着手心，以防止瓶口残留的药液流下来腐蚀标签。同时使瓶口紧靠在试管口或仪器口。3. 取用一定量的药品量取一定体积的液体时一般用量筒。使用时，应使量筒放平稳，倒入液体到接近要求的刻度，再用胶头滴管逐滴滴入量筒至刻度线，读数时使视线与量筒内液体的凹液面最低处保持水平。俯视

24、、仰视都会有误差。二、物质的加热1. 热源 - 加热工具：最常用酒精灯，有时需要喷灯进行高温加热。酒精灯火焰分外焰、内焰、焰心三部分，外焰温度最高，焰心温度最低，因此，加热时应把需加热物质放在外焰部分。酒精灯内的酒精不超过其容积的2/3 。2. 可以直接加热的仪器：试管、蒸发皿、坩埚等；3. 可以加热但必须垫上石棉网的仪器：烧杯、烧瓶等；4. 不能加热的仪器：量筒、集气瓶、漏斗等。5. 给试管里药品加热时应先使试管均匀受热， （来回移动酒精灯或移动试管） ，然后对准药品所在部位加热。给固体加热时，一般试管口应略向下倾斜，给液体加热，应使试管倾斜，跟桌面大约成 45°角，且试管内液体不

25、能超过试管容积的 1/3 ，试管口不准对着有人的地方。三、玻璃仪器洗涤一般用试管刷刷洗。当仪器上附着的水既不聚成水滴也不成股流下，才是洗干净了。洗净的玻璃仪器应放在指定位置。第二单元我们周围的空气一、化学史知识200 多年前，法国化学家拉瓦锡在前人工作的基础上得出了空气是由氮气和氧气组成的结论，并较早地把天平用于研究工作，使化学研究走向了定量化。二、空气的成分空气的成分一般来说是比较固定的，按体积分数计算，大约是氮气占21%，稀有气体占0. 94% ，二氧化碳占0. 03% ，其它气体和杂质占78%，氧气占0. 03% 。三、氮气的性质和用途氮气是一种无色无味，难溶于水，密度比空气略小的气体，

26、在通常情况下较难和其它物质发生化学反应，但在一定条件下，氮气可以和某些物质反应，比如合成氨制氮肥。氮气不支持燃烧也不供给呼吸，氮气不参与人的新陈代谢。improve, securitypreventioncapacity obviously enha nced, se curityhiddenand security a ccidentobviously reduced, effective guarantees information healthdevelopment.XX Education Centre regularly carryoutday-to-daynetworksecuri

27、ty monitoring informationand equipment. By t he appropriate technical staff, XX network engi ne r oom maintenance staff onsite management and maintenance on a regular ba sis, scheduled viewing of networks, systems,databa ses a nd associatedequipmentoperating conditions, and make a recor d. Computer

28、lab maintenance managers reg ularly runa variety of devicein t he school information system parameters,server systems and various databackup, so that therewas ahardwarefailure i n a system crash can resume quickly and efficiently. Computerlab maintena nce managers establish a network antivirussystem

29、, Avira Virus system ona regular baequipment in the room a regular dust, replacethe old label.Regularly host servers,networkswitches,core r outi ng, firewalls,hardw are maintenance, such asequipment failure, shouldbe processe d in atimely manner inorder to ensuresafe and reliable operation of thesys

30、tem. In XX city information and equipmentwas established within t he Centre, educational metropolitan area networkcenter machi ne room XX. Servers and data stores and applications to set up in XX City metropolitan areanetworkcentermachine room. WindowsServer2003,windowsServer2008, windowsServer2012,

31、Linux, theoperating system, the database for SQL Server2008, Officesoftware, such a s Microsoft Office software. Schools (units) of computer, information system security products for domestic products, incl udi ng theuseof 360 and kingsoft Internetsecurity software.XX education metropolitaproducts.

32、In their daily work, topublicize related knowledge and information security considerations.Enhanced global awareness of network and information security, and strive to achievenetwork everyone k nows security and virusbefore the guard, to improvenetwork and i nformationsecurity, e nsure that the XX e

33、 ducationsystem network and i nformationsystem security. Tracking reporting system requires all parties tostrengthe n collaboration, workclosely with emergency safety plan deve lopedXX e ducation metropolitan area network,reg ularly carryout emergency drills, and carriedout spe cial funds every year

34、 toprote ct the security of information. A nnual 2-3 professional training for network managers in the city, forming technology with a strong professional and technical team, school network managerson commonnetw ork failures and be capableof solvingsecurity issues.Issues that cannotbe resolved, time

35、ly forms of meetings, such as meetings, analysis, a nd solutions t hrougha meeting, without rolling up the ability tosolve problems, and feedback to superiors in writing de partments to resolve. Through self-examination, we are well aware, relative lack of investment in education, facilities and equ

36、i pment for furtherupdates, educationdevel opment is still uneve n, neweducationconcepts need tobe further enhanced tosome extent and restricting the developme nt of city education.We will take the opportunity of government supervision, to strive for the province e ducation demonstration counties as

37、 adriv ing force, further increa se input in education, efforts to promote thelongwing, and Li Wanfu, and Michael Jenkins, and Chen Jian, and Song and xiaochuanyun, 7 bitcomradeparticipate inprovince backbone face-to-faceor netw ork learning, do ea ch teachi ng points arehas teachers participate in

38、training, October 17,2013, issuedAtinstallationpresent, ipren theparedopenofnotificspation,ceofrequirementpublic serviceplatformsschoofl relatedpr maovincial educatinagement personnelonalre sourcesfamiliar teachersXXnumberprovince tea2444, 83chingto tpoihentstotaldigital numeducatiberofntearesourcec

39、hers, studentfull covernumberprojectis 6569constructiof the openon managementspace,manual,thecity'sParti total studecularlynts 18with.31regardto(junito iornstallatihighschoolon prstudentseparationi partsna30ccordiabove,ng stto theude ntspoi notntofrequired),XXprovinceregistrationfullnumbercovera

40、getofdigitalomeeducatthereionalquiremeresourntsces inof teacherpr ojectsand studentconstructions,managementinXXinfirstmaplace. Five,nuali.nformationDevicesteare achnolbleto reogy applicationceveTVsigcanpabilityndls IPa data,satmeanshetoschoolsboosthaveteachingschool trainiofteachersngtoand schooluse

41、-ibasenformation,d Educatiapplication tonuseBureagood.uActivelyofXX title organizeandmodernime plementducationaloftechnologyadiviteasion of a clacher ass,sseateassmentchler i n onevelsclasslinkedactivittotheyexami.XXination;XX lacity firstunchetocom d a pr pleteovincialfullregistrationmodelschooloft

42、eachers wof moder n eorkingducationinte hischnolcity,ogyXX, Sselunecti classon, ratedvancedof54perunitcenti respectivelneducation ay,yearthe(indiviforefront. dual) award. InToXX,expediteavi esionducationofcla informatizationss,classw a total rankedork,firstthe in Divicty esta blishedsionactivitieh s

43、chools,wasrawarunning levelded the natiofsupervional minisionsterialandassessmeone,2provincialntsystemse. Informationcondprize, thirdducationprizein at theschoolprvi performancil levelnce3. Activelyevaluation, eorganizeducationim asseplementatissment i onnformationofthee-le workarningmspa orecethath

44、e nwto orkcutofweigeveryoneht. 10.Practice is a regular room supervision, education i nformation steering, steering, steeri ng with theend, princi pals of education information i nto performance assessment and school levelmonitoring and eval uation, to develop asci entific,operationaleducation infor

45、mation steering assessment methods, tracking management of educationinformation and applications.By March 2016, 100 of the teachers,I participated in a national educational technology training for primary and secondaryschool teachers, the teachers have made tocut 80 primary and mi ddleschool teacher

46、s ' educational technologyproficiency testcertificate. At present, all schools haveaccess to broadband networks. Trainingclassification training of teachers, school teachers, academic leaders, information technology, teacher training and network managementpersonnel from the Count y, within the s

47、choolback to school training once trainingis complete.application capability training of teachers inourcity reached 100.XX series of effective informationmanagement systems and measures esta blishedby, and a numberof pragmatic,com bined part -time workforce education information, theprotection of th

48、e digitalcampusconstruction and sustainabledevelopment. Six Bureau attaches great importance to information technology security, information technologysecurity,entrust XX CityCenter foreducational i nformation and equipment dedicate d to t he work.Networksecurity leading groupwas set up, chaired by

49、the Education Burea u Chief, head, for XX education Metro-networkand information securityemergencyresponse leader ship. Deputy groupleader for XX educationalmetropolitan area network and i nformationsecurity emergency responsecoordination, command. The team assist leader and deputy leader, responsib

50、le fornetw ork XX networksecurity and information . Team. Information security workConference held each semester, and deplassessme nt is include d in t he annual index. Strictly implement the information securitybudget to ensure information securityof investment.By XX,education information and equip

51、mentCentre XX network network se curity and informationse curity. According to the information technology security requirements, issueda document requiresschools (units) implement,defined the information security guideli nes,spe cific work practice s, procedures, and requirements.Clear industry info

52、rmation security incidents (accidents) to detect, report anddisposalprocesses. According to self-examination, theschool (units)basic establi she d has network security management system; theschool (units) according to this units actual, esta blishedhas unitspersonnel management, information system room management, and equi pment management, and media managemesystem; developed has computer and t he networkof networksecurity responsibility held system,signe d has network security responsibility; websiteof information ma