JamesJoyce作者身平和简介

1、作者身平和简介 James Joyce(1882-1941)was an Irish writer,poet and one of the world greatest writers. Joyce was born in the beautiful Ireland island ,but it was a British colony.But in that time ,the war continued and times of hardship.His father had a firm belief in nationalism, his mother was a devout pap

2、ist.He grew up with the ability of education, superior acdemic performance and initial performance of the extraordinary Literary talent. He had a large group of brothers and sisters, but his father preferred the talented eldest son.His father said: Whether the family has enough to eat or not, he als

3、o gave him money to buy foreign books. Joyce was familiared with the works of European writers, in particular influenced by the Ibsen deeply.And he gradually showed the world of human spirit and the special insights of the religious and believes in their own home environment, and even the customs, t

4、raditions of rebellion. After graduating in1902,he had contacted with the Irish Renaissance, but soon became its opposite. In 1904, he and his girlfriend Nora eloped to continental Europe. At the beginning, they threw a long career and life in exile.In the middle, only dotted with short-term to retu

5、rned home to visited relatives.After 1911,he never set foot on Irish land. All Joyces life back and forth.He made a living by teaching English and writing for the newspapers,but most time he couldnt make ends meet. While the worse thing was that he suffered from diseases torture, and almost complete

6、ly blind in his later years. But he vowed in literature, wrote hard,and eventually became a generation of great masters. Joyces literary career began in 1904, he began writing the short story collection Dubliners.In a letter that wrote to the publisher Richards, he clearly expressed the creative pri

7、nciple of the book: My aim is to write my own chapter to provid moral and spiritual history for our country. This became his goal of literature life. His works and the thought of stream consciousness” had ahuge impact on the world.Major work 诗 集:室内乐 Chamber music 1907 短篇小说:都柏林人Dubliners 1914 剧 本:流亡者

8、 Exile 1915 长篇小说:青年艺术家的画像 Young artist portrait 1916 尤利西斯（代表作） Ulysses 1922 芬尼根守夜人 Finnega nightwatchman 1939Work features: The background and themes of Most of Joyces works was based on Ireland. He was the author of the novels that are mostly rooted in his early life in Dublin including his family,

9、friends, enemies, high school and college years. Joyce was the only one modernist writers who combined international factors with local circumstances perfectly . His works have shown the nation and love of country,which deeply moved the Irish people. 作品特点： 乔伊斯的大部分作品都以爱尔兰为背景和主题。 他所创作的小说大多根植于他早年在都柏林的

10、生活，包括他的家庭、朋友、敌人、中学和大 学的岁月。乔伊斯是用英文写作的现代主义作 家中将国际化因素和乡土化情节 结合最好的人。他在作品中所表 现出来的对民族和国家的热爱， 深深感动着爱尔兰人民。 尤利西斯和现代主义文学的崛起尤利西斯和现代主义文学的崛起:1922 was the key year to the development of modernliterature in English . This year there had two landmark works in English Literature,one was Eliots poem The Waste Land, t

11、he other one was Joyces Ulysses. In Ulysses , Joyce uses a lot of stream of consciousness technique, irreverent style, and many other new literary techniques to portray characters.The novel was divided into 18 sections, every section was about the matter happened in an hour of the day . The books st

12、ory began from 8 am until 2:00am the next day ended. Each chapter had a unique narrative style,and esponds to the Homer and Odyssey.This will be a variety of style and into a furnace, and the pursuit of extreme form is characterized by the pursuit of implied Ulysses of is the most important contribu

13、tion to the 20th century modern literature.Ulysses, all-round showed and described the different areas of Dublin.Above the living conditions of people,mainly showed the poor and bore of the city. The novel did the great description of Dublin. Joyce even claimed that if Dublin was destroyed in a fiel

14、d of the Holocaust.Then the reconstruction of the city should be followed. 尤利西斯和现代主义文学的崛起: 1922年是英语现代主义文学发展关键的一年。这一年英语文学中出现了两部里程碑式的作品，一是艾略特的长诗荒原，一是乔伊斯的尤利西斯。在尤利西斯中，乔伊斯大量采用了意识流技巧、揶揄风格以及许多其他新的文学创作技巧来刻画人物。这部小说分为18个章节，每个章节讲述一天中一个小时之内发生的事。全书的故事从早上8点开始，一直到次日凌晨2点结束。每个章节都具有独特叙事风格，且每一章都和荷马史诗之奥德赛的一个章节相对应。这种将多种

15、风格融于一炉，以及在形式上追求极端、追求暗示性的特征是尤利西斯对20世纪现代主义文学最主要的贡献。尤利西斯全方位的呈现和描绘都柏林不同区域 的人们的生存状态，主要表现这座城市的贫穷和枯 燥。这部小说对都柏林的描绘可谓细致入微。乔伊 斯甚至曾称，如果都柏林在某场大浩劫中被毁，那 么对这座城市的重建工作就应该完全按照尤利西 斯中的记录来进行。意识流 意识流是作家和批评家惯用的容易引起误解的术语之一。它之所以会引起误解是因为它听起来很具体而用起来却像“浪漫主义”、“象征主义”和“超现实主义”一样变化无穷-甚至含糊不清。确切地说，意识流是心理学家们使用的一个短语。它是19世纪由美国实用主义哲学创始人、

16、心理学家威廉詹姆斯创造的，指人的意识活动持续流动的性质。 詹姆斯提出的“意识流”概念，强调了思维的不间断性，即没有“空白”，始终在“流动”；也强调其超时间性和超空间性，即不受时间 和空间的束缚,因为意识是一种不受客观现实制约 的纯主观的东西,它能使感觉中的现在与过去不分 割.这一概念及其内涵的思想直接影响了文学家， 并被他们借用、借鉴，从而进入文学领域,作用于 作家的创作，从而导致“意识流”文学的产生。 意识流小说代表作:追忆似水年华（普鲁斯特） 法国 Remembrance of Things Past 墙上的斑点（弗吉尼亚伍尔芙） 英国 Wall spots 轮廓回暖（多多） 中国 Con

17、tour to pick up 室内乐（二） 薄暮由紫晶 转为浓郁的湛蓝， 灯盏浅绿的炽光 将街边的树木缀满. 古钢琴上奏着乐曲， 安详、缓慢而愉悦； 她倾心于泛黄的琴键， 她的头就这般倾斜。 羞涩的思想、 庄重的眼神 手倾侧着来回游移 伴着紫晶般的光束 薄暮变为湛蓝. ChamberMusic JamesJoyce Thetwilightturnsfromamethyst Todeepanddeeperblue， Thelampfillswithapalegreenglow Thetreesoftheavenue. Theoldpianoplaysanair, Sedateandslowan

18、dgay; Shebendsupontheyellowkeys, Herheadinclinesthisway. Shythoughtsandgravewideeyesandhands Thatwanderastheylist Thetwilightturnstodarkerblue Withlightsofamethyst. 大事纪年表: 一八九一年（9岁）因父亲失业，乔伊斯于六月间退学。同年十月， 巴涅尔去世，乔伊斯出于对巴涅尔的同情，写了一首讽刺诗希利，你也这样！。希利是 爱尔兰自治运动和土地改革运动中的领袖，本与巴涅尔关系密切，但在关键时刻却与巴涅尔决裂。 一八九七年（15岁）获全爱尔兰最佳作文奖。 一九00年（18岁）一月二十日，在学院的文学及历史协 会发表讲演，题目是戏剧与人生.四月 一日，英国文学杂志半月评论发表他 的关于易卜生作品当我们死