定语从句专题

1、the attributive clause定语从句的定义：定语从句的定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。如：如：thats the book that / which i lost yesterday. he tells me everything that / which he knows. he is the boy that / who i want to meet.先行词：先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，一般置于关系定语从句所修饰的名词或代词，一般置于关系 词前。词前。关系词：关系词： 引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副引

2、导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副 词词 。 定语从句的构成定语从句的构成1.the boy is tom. the boy is smiling . the boy _ is smiling is tom. 2. china is a country. a country has more than 5,000 years of history. china is a country_ has more than 5,000 years of history. that / who（主语）（主语） that / which 先行词先行词先行词先行词关系代关系代词词关系代词关系代词3.the

3、 book is an english storybook. i gave you a book yesterday. the book (that / which )i gave you yesterday is an english storybook.(宾语宾语)4.the man is kind. everyone likes him.the man( that / who / whom )everyone likes is kind.（宾语）（宾语）关关 系系 代代 词词指物指物指人指人 that which whose /( of which)主语主语 / 宾语宾语主语主语 / 宾

4、语宾语定语定语 that (主语主语/ 宾语宾语) who (主语主语/ 宾语宾语) whom (宾语宾语) whose (定语定语)1、 that 指人或物指人或物 ，作主语或宾语（做宾语时可省略）。，作主语或宾语（做宾语时可省略）。eg: he is the man( that )i told you about. the boy that is studing in the room is my friend. the plane is a machine that can fly. its the book (that) i lost yesterday.2、which 指物，指物，

5、作主语或宾语作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略。作宾语可省略。 eg: these are the trees eg: these are the trees whichwhich were planted last year. were planted last year. is this the book ( is this the book (which)which) you lost yesterday? you lost yesterday?3、who 指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略。the man the man who who visited our

6、school yesterday is mr visited our school yesterday is mr wang.wang.the manthe man ( (whowho) ) we saw yesterday is jack.we saw yesterday is jack. eg:eg:4、whom whom ，作宾语，可省略。，作宾语，可省略。eg:the man eg:the man whom whom you are going to visit is a famousyou are going to visit is a famous writer. writer.5

7、、whose whose 指人或物，作定语，解作指人或物，作定语，解作 的的 eg: they helped the man eg: they helped the man whosewhose car had broken down. car had broken down. he lives in the house he lives in the house whosewhose windows open to the windows open to the south. south.考点一：考点一：that 与与 which的区别的区别以下情况引导词用以下情况引导词用that ,不用不

8、用which。1、先行词为、先行词为all,everything, anything, nothing,little, much等不定代词时。如：等不定代词时。如： he tells me everything that he knows.2、先行词被、先行词被形容词最高级形容词最高级和和序数词序数词修饰时。修饰时。 如：如：this is the best film that i have have ever see. he is the first student that have been to beijing in our class.3、先行词被先行词被all,any,everya

9、ll,any,every，each,much,little,no,someeach,much,little,no,some, , fewfew, ,等修饰时。如：等修饰时。如： allall the books the books thatthat you offered have been you offered have been given you. given you.4 4、先行词被、先行词被the only,the last, the verythe only,the last, the very 修饰修饰 时，用时，用thatthat。如：。如： he is the only m

10、an he is the only man thatthat i want to see. i want to see.5、先行词同时指人和物时，用、先行词同时指人和物时，用that。如：如：we talked about the things and persons that we saw then.6、句中已经有、句中已经有who或或which时，为避免重复，用时，为避免重复，用 that。如：如：who is the man that is making a speech?1.this is all _ i know about the matter. a. that b. what c

11、. who d. whether2. is there anything else _ you want? a. which b. that c. who d. what3. the last place _ we visited was the great wall. a. which b. that c. where d. it4. please take the second chair _ is over there . a. where b. which c. who d. that5. is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? a. tha

12、t b. / c. which d. it6. finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police. a. which b. what c. whatever d. that只用只用which 不用不用that的情况：的情况：1. 引导词前有介词时。引导词前有介词时。2.引导非限制性定语从句时。引导非限制性定语从句时。3.一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that， 另一个用另一个用which。如：。如：1.he bought a book that could give him much knowedge and which could help help him kill the time.2. it is the house in which chairman mao lived.注：在非限制性定语从句中，注：在非限制性定语从句中，指人只能用指人只能用who / whom， 指物只能用指物只能用which，不能用，不能用that。如：。如： 1. he gave me the book, _ i was looking for. 2. he