提高桩基设计效率

1、 提高桩基设计效率的方法提高桩基设计效率的方法-AutoCAD的活学活用 作者：翁 伟 2000.8在工程设计中桩基础的应用是相当广泛和普遍的。桩基设计中工程师必须做到的一点是：上部结构的重心要与桩基础的形心对齐,做到两心合一。在桩位布置时一般两心不能做到完全合一,但必须依建筑类型使两心偏差控制在规范允许的范围内(论述其重要性不是本文的目的)。在布桩过程中求群桩形心、求水平荷载下群桩边缘基桩的最大负荷,是一个即简单又繁琐的过程。如遇两心不合、基桩超负、桩位需调整，则要取得满意的结果少则一天多则二至三天。然而其技术含量也就是加、减、乘、除，连小学生都会,但一不小心极易出错。本人对此深有感触。为了

2、减少脑细胞不必要的损伤，提高工作效率及准确性，本人用AutoCAD自带的Lisp编程语言，编写了一个利用CAD桩位布置图直接绘出群桩形心的小程序，省事方便，大大提高了工作效率。以下作个简单介绍。一) 程序目的：1.利用CAD桩位布置图求算并绘出群桩形心位置。 2.求出相对于群桩形心的SXi2 及 SYi2 ，为求水平荷载下群桩边缘基桩的最大负荷提供参数。二) 适用范围：1.基于AutoCAD R14平台绘制的桩位面布置图。2.基于AutoCAD 2000平台绘制的桩位平面布置图。三) 使用条件：1.CAD桩位布置图中的桩位属性，必须是一个图块(block)。桩位图块可由设计人员任意命名，然后拷

3、贝布置。2.程序直接提取CAD图纸尺寸进行数值计算，因此图纸比例必须是1:1。 3.在AutoCAD程序的Fonds目录下必须要有HZTXT字库。四) 程序功能：1.自动计算群桩形心、SXi2 、SYi2 、桩位总数、最小桩距及所处位置。2.可任意选取桩位，自动区分所选图素，求出所选桩位的群桩形心。并对所选桩位进行标识。3.自动判别重复拷贝的桩位，使桩数计算不会重复。4.自动提示桩距很近的错桩。5.程序应用中还有许多参数记忆功能，无需重复输入，方便使用。五) 使用方法：1.将随盘附带的两个文件目录”Lisp For AutoCAD R14”或” Lisp For ACAD2000”中的两个文件

4、分别拷贝至AutoCAD R14或ACAD2000原程序中Support子目录下，然后启动CAD程序并打开桩位布置图。在CAD中，本程序的调用命令为PX。 2.按程序提示用键盘输入(也可鼠标输入) 各类参数。 3.要求输入工程座标原点时最好选用建筑重心座标，这样得到的群桩形心座标既为桩心与建筑重心的偏心距。Pilex.lsp的源程序如以下(本文之外另附源程序);-; 群桩桩心计算程序(V2.0) ; ; 作者 : 翁伟 2000.8 ; ; BP : 1268846785 ; ;-;发生错误复原程序 (defun px_err (s) (if (/= s "Function canc

5、elled"); If an error (such as CTRL-C) occurs (princ (strcat "nError: " s); while this command is active. ) (setvar "cmdecho" ocmd) (setvar "blipmode" oblp) (setvar "osmode" ovar) (setq *error* px:olderr) (princ) );群桩桩心计算程序 (terpri)(defun c:px (/ oxy0 BN0

6、FN n1 dtxt dx d0 d i j k x y a b ocmd ovar oblp ad bd xd yd); (princ "* 群桩桩心计算程序(V2.0): 作者 - 翁伟 2000.10 *") (setq px:olderr *error* *error* px_err) (setq ovar (getvar "osmode") (setq ocmd (getvar "cmdecho") (setq oblp (getvar "blipmode") (setvar "cmdecho&

7、quot; 0) (terpri) (command "style" "symbol" "symbol" 0 0.9 0 "n" "n" );设置汉字字型 (command "style" "standard" "hztxt" 0 0.9 0 "n" "n" ) ;屏幕选择参数-1:导入工程坐标原点并具反复记忆功能- (if (= oxy nil) (setq oxy (list 0.000 0.

8、000 0.000) (setq oxy0 (getpoint (strcat "n 1. 请输入工程坐标原点(" (rtos (car oxy) 2 3) "," (rtos (cadr oxy) 2 3) "):" ) );getpoint);setq (if (/= oxy0 nil) (progn (setq oxy oxy0)(princ oxy) (terpri);建立捏名块，绘工程坐标原点- (setvar "blipmode" 0) (setvar "osmode" 0) (if

9、 (= (getvar "dimscale") 0) (setq dtxt 1)(setq dtxt (getvar "dimscale") (setq dx (* (getvar "dimtxt") 100000) (setq dtxt 250) (entmake (list '(0 . "BLOCK")'(2 . "*U")'(70 . 1)(cons 10 oxy) (entmake (list '(0 . "CIRCLE") (CONS

10、 10 oxy) (CONS 40 (* 0.15 dtxt) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "CIRCLE") (CONS 10 oxy) (CONS 40 (* 0.05 dtxt) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "LINE") (CONS 10 (list (+ (car oxy) (* dtxt -0.35) (cadr oxy) 0.0) (CONS 11 (list (+ (car oxy) (* dtxt 0.35) (cadr oxy) 0.0) ) ) (entmake (list

11、 '(0 . "LINE") (CONS 10 (list (car oxy) (+ (cadr oxy) (* dtxt -0.35) 0.0) (CONS 11 (list (car oxy) (+ (cadr oxy) (* dtxt 0.35) 0.0) ) );屏幕选择参数-2：请输入代表桩的块名并具反复记忆功能- (setq n1 1) (while (< n1 2) (progn (if (= BN nil) (setq BN "") (while (or (and (= BN0 "") (= BN &qu

12、ot;") (= BN0 nil)(setq BN0 (getstring (strcat "n 2. 请输入代表桩的块名(" BN "):" );while (if (= BN0 "") (setq BN0 nil)(progn (setq BN BN0) (setq BN0 nil);progn);if;屏幕选择参数-3: 键入所选桩位标识付:- (setq FN (getstring (strcat "n 3. 键入所选桩位标识符( ):" );屏幕选择参数-4:输入桩位并具桩数判断功能- (set

13、q n1 1) (while (and (< n1 3) (> n1 0)(progn (princ"n 4. 请选择桩位:") (while (not (setq s1 (ssget) (princ "n正在清理桩位选择集,请稍等.");清理选择集 n1 s1 / i (计算最小桩距 dx d d0/ i j)(清理重叠桩);清理1 (setq n1 (sslength s1) i 0) (repeat n1 (if (= (STRCASE BN) (cdr (assoc '2 (entget (ssname s1 i) (prog

14、n(setq x (cadr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 i)(setq y (caddr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 i)(entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 FN) (CONS 10 (list (+ x (* dtxt 1.2) (+ y (* dtxt 1.2) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.8) (CONS 62 6) ) )(setq i (+ i 1) (ssdel (ssname s1 i) s1) );if );re

15、peat ;清理2 (princ "n正在清理重叠桩,请稍等.") (setq n1 (sslength s1) i 0 j 1 k nil) (repeat (- n1 1) (repeat (- (- n1 1) i) (setq a (- (- n1 1) i) b (- (- (- n1 1) i) j) (setq d (distance (cdr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 a)(cdr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 b) ;distance ) ;setq (cond(> d

16、(* 2.5 (getvar "dimtxt") ;cond-1计算最小桩距 (progn (princ "n清理1.") (if (< d dx) (progn (setq dx d) (setq ad a) (setq bd b) );progn-2 ) ) ;progn-1 ) ;cond-1(and (<= d (* 3 (getvar "dimtxt") (> d 0) ) cond-2计算过小桩位 (progn (princ "n清理2.") (setq x (/ (+ (cadr (

17、assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 a) (cadr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 b) 2) );setq (setq y (/ (+ (caddr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 a) (caddr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 b) ) 2) (entmake (list '(0 . "CIRCLE") (CONS 10 (list x y 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 1.5) ) ) (entmake

18、(list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 "此处桩位相距过近") (CONS 10 (list (+ x (* dtxt -3.2) (+ y (* dtxt 2) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.8) ) ) );progn-2 );cond-2(= d 0) ;cond-3清理重叠桩 (progn (princ "n清理3.") (setq k (- (- n1 1) i) ) ) );cond (setq j (+ j 1) ); repeat (if (/= k nil) (progn (

19、command "erase" (ssname s1 k ) "") (ssdel (ssname s1 k) s1) ) (setq k nil) (setq i (+ i 1) j 1) ); repeat (setq n1 (sslength s1) (if (and (< n1 3) (> n1 0) (princ" * 所选桩数不足3根 *") )(terpri) );progn);while (if (= n1 0) (princ"n * 未找到相应块名所对应的桩 *")(terpri) )

20、;progn );while;计算桩心 xa ya / i x y (princ "n正在计算群桩形心,请稍等.") (setq i 0. x 0. y 0. n1 (sslength s1) (repeat n1 (setq x (+ x (cadr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 i) (setq y (+ y (caddr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 i) (setq i (+ i 1) ) (setq xa (/ x n1) (setq ya (/ y n1) ;计算Exi2 , Eyi2

21、(setq n1 (sslength s1) i 0 Exi2 0 Eyi2 0) (repeat n1 (setq xd (- xa (car (cdr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 i) (setq Exi2 (+ Exi2 (expt (/ xd 1000) 2) (setq yd (- ya (cadr (cdr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 i) (setq Eyi2 (+ Eyi2 (expt (/ yd 1000) 2) (setq i (+ i 1) );repeat ;标注最小桩距 (setq x (

22、/ (+ (cadr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 ad)(cadr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 bd) 2);setq (setq y (/ (+ (caddr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 ad)(caddr (assoc '10 (entget (ssname s1 bd) ) 2) (entmake (list '(0 . "CIRCLE") (CONS 10 (list x y 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 1.5) )

23、 ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 "此处为最小桩距") (CONS 10 (list (+ x (* dtxt -3.2) (+ y (* dtxt 2) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.8) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 (rtos dx 2 2) (CONS 10 (list (+ x (* dtxt -1.0) (+ y (* dtxt 0.8) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.6)

24、) );重心点绘图 ovar (entmake (list '(0 . "LINE") (CONS 10 (list xa ya 0.0) (CONS 11 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 2.5) (+ ya (* dtxt 2.5) 0.0) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "LINE") (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 2.5) (+ ya (* dtxt 2.5) 0.0) (CONS 11 (list (+ (+ xa (* dtxt 13) (* dtxt 2.5) (+ y

25、a (* dtxt 2.5) 0.0) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "SOLID") (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* (* dtxt 1.0) 0.5) (+ ya (* (* dtxt 1.0) 0.866) 0.0) (CONS 11 (list (+ xa (* (* dtxt 0.65) 0.707) (+ ya (* (* dtxt 0.65) 0.707) 0.0) (CONS 12 (list xa ya 0.0) (CONS 13 (list (+ xa (* (* dtxt 1.0) 0.866) (+ ya

26、(* (* dtxt 1.0) 0.5) 0.0) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "CIRCLE") (CONS 10 (list xa ya 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.5) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "CIRCLE") (CONS 10 (list xa ya 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.25) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 (strcat "Y : "

27、 (rtos (- ya (cadr oxy) 2 2) " mm") (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 8) (+ ya (* dtxt 2.85) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.6) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 (strcat "X : " (rtos (- xa (car oxy) 2 2) " mm") (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 8) (+ ya (* dtxt 4) 0.

28、0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.6) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 "桩 数(根) ") (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 3.0) (+ ya (* dtxt 3.9) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.75) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 (rtos n1 2 0) (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 4.3) (+ ya (* dtxt 2

29、.85) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.6) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 "最小桩距") (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 3.2) (+ ya (* dtxt 1.4) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.75) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 (rtos dx 2 0) (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 3.7) (+ ya (* dt

30、xt 0.35) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.6) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 (chr 83) (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 8) (+ ya (* dtxt 0.35) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.6) '(7 . "symbol") ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 (strcat "y =" (rtos Eyi2 2 2) " M*M") (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 8.8) (+ ya (* dtxt 0.35) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.6) ) ) (entmake (list '(0 . "TEXT") (CONS 1 "2") (CONS 10 (list (+ xa (* dtxt 9.4) (+ ya (* dtxt 0.70) 0.0) (CONS 40 (* dtxt 0.3) ) ) (entmake (lis