江苏省连云港市东海县横沟中学中考英语一轮复习 八下 Unit 5-8 基础知识+语法知识(无答案) 牛津版

1、Unit5 基础知识Objectives: To master the words, phrases and sentences of the units.Activity One : Check the words , phrases and sentences .I. Words: 1. polite adj. _ (adv.) 2. proper adj. _ (adv.)3. loud adj. _ (adv.) 4. say v. _ (n.) 谚语 5. discuss v. _ (n.) 6. park v. _ (n.) 停车7. polite adj. _ (反义词) 8.

2、warn v. _ (n.) 9. 避免 10. 原谅，宽恕 11. 讨论 12. 公共的，公开的 13. 解释 14. 目的 II. phrases:1. 到处扔垃圾 _ 2使水龙头一直流着 _3. 遵守交通规则 _ 4排队等候 5在公开场合行为合理 6警告某人某事 _III. Sentences:1. 请避免像年龄，体重和钱这样的话题。Please like age , and money.2. 他们认为插到别人前面是粗鲁的。 They think_ before others.3. 他们会耐心等到你移开。 They will be till you move.4. 吃东西和喝东西时发出太

3、多噪音是不礼貌的。 It is while 。 Activity Two: Discuss the following points in groups. Mark the questions if there are any.巧辨异同 sometimes, some times, sometime和some time (1)sometimes是频率副词，意为“有时候，间或”。有时候我帮母亲做些家务活。 I help my mother do some housework. (2)some times是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍”。去年我在街上遇到过她几次。I met her in the s

4、treet last year.(3)sometime是副词，意为“某时”。去年夏天的某个时候我见过他I saw him last summer.。(4)some time是名词词组，意为“一段时间”。去年夏天我在我叔叔家住了一段时间。I stayed at my uncle's for last summer. too, as well, also和either这四个副词(组)均可表示“也”，但用法不同：(1)too一般放在句末，通常用逗号隔开。 我也是一名学生。I am a student, .(2)as well 多用于口语中，语气较轻，通常用于肯定句或疑问句中，不用于否定句中，

5、且通常放在句末。 我也喜欢你。I like you . (3)also 比 too 和 as well 正式，一般也不用于否定句中，它在句中的位置通常是紧靠动词，即放在实义动词之前，情态动词或be动词之后。他也来了He came.。(4)either 通常只用于否定句中，且要放在句末。 我也不知道I don't know, .。形合练习A. 谓语与非谓语1. Is it rude （插队） before others in public?2. （Obey） traffic rules, queuing for our turn and not ( pick) flowers are o

6、f good manners. 3. (Keep) our voice down in public is helpful to others.4. Have you （确保） that both guests and hosts were comfortable at the table?B格性数级1. Do they avoid subjects like age, weight or money when they start a （谈话）? 2.During the (discuss), Simon was too excited to express himself (clear).

7、 3. He wouldnt wait （polite） and kept (cut)in on our conversation. 4. When in Rome, do as the (Roman) do. 5. Will he be （ success） sometime in his life? 6.Is the (目的) of the talk to teach students about table manners?7. Practice makes perfect. / Actions speak louder than words. / No pain, no gain. 8

8、B Unit6基础知识Objectives: To master the words, phrases and sentences of the units.Procedures:Activity One : Check the words , phrases and sentences .1. Words: 1. train v. _ (n.) 训练，培训 2. blind adj. _ (n.)3. home n. _ (adj.) 无家可归的 4. ability n. _ (反义词)5. confident adj. _ (n.) 6. close adj. _ (adv.)7. or

9、ganize v. _ (n.) 组织 8. survive v. _ (n.)9. operate v. _ (n.) 10. introduce v. _ (n.) 11. 有意义的 12. 年老的 13. 无家可归的 14. 实现，达到 15. 同样的，类似的 16. 必须的，必要的 17. 期待，指望 II. phrases:1. 训练成为 2. 使这个活动成功 3. 与.密切协作 4. 给老人让位 5. 这样一个昂贵的手术 6. 尽快 7. 失去性命 8. 需要帮助的人 III. Sentences:1. 对我们来说支持奥林匹克是有意义的.It is the Olympics. 2.

10、对他们来说在这个任务之前放弃他们的空闲时间并接受训练是有必要的吗？Was it for them their time and receive before doing the ? 3.他们已经为运动员和教练提供支持并帮忙使活动成功吗？ they support the athletes and coaches and make the event a great ? 4. 他很勇敢参加比赛吗？ it brave him to the competition? 5. 对我们来说和他们密切合作并帮助他们实现他们的梦想是伟大的 Its great us to work with them and

11、help them their dreams. Activity Two: Discuss the following points in groups. Mark the questions if there are any.巧辨异同与give相关的短语：放弃 分发，发出；发表 give in 投降，屈服give off 发出；放出；散发出 give back归还；恢复give sb a hand 给某人帮助 give away 赠予；颁发形合练习： A. 谓语与非谓语1. Hobo （训练）to be a volunteer for the Olympic Games this time

12、yesterday. 2. Did he know what （expect） when he （volunteer）for the Special Olympics? 3. Do they include many events (与.相似) those in the Olympics? (those是代词，代什么？)4. He feels (自信) than before because he won a gold and two silvers in the events. 5. Itll be （不可能） for them to do their work one-to-one wit

13、hout the help of the (organize). 6 How much will it cost the family （save） the boy?B 格性数级1. How long has the (abled) elderly man been blind and deaf? 2. Has the government provided special places for （home） people to stay?3. Has your cousin (take) part in a project in North-west China? 4 The introdu

14、ction says he has （住院） since last month because of a serious blood disease. 5. Is it important for him to have such an (operate) (尽快)? 6 If all of us can give a (help) hand, the survivor s (get) well again soon. 8B Unit7 基础知识Objectives: To master the words, phrases and sentences of the units.Activit

15、y One : Check the words , phrases and sentences . 1. Words: 1.especial adj. _ (adv.) 2interview v. _ (n.) 采访者3. treat v. _ (n.) 4medicine n. _ (adj.) 5. include v. _ (prep.) 6.organize v. _ (n.) 组织7. equal adj. _ (adv.) 8operate v. _ (n.) 手术9. develop v. _ (n.) 10India n. _ (adj.) 11. 特别，尤其 12. 教育 1

16、3.扩散；分布；展开 14. 买得起；能做 15. 自豪的，骄傲的 16. 官员 II. phrases: 1. 一个叫做UNICEF的 慈善组织 2. 为.工作 3. 支付得起做某事 4. 继续我们的工作 5. 被建立 6. 下定决心做某事 III. Sentences: 1.慈善还需要更多的钱。你有一些零花钱剩下吗？More money for charity. Do you have any pocket money ? 2. 联合国儿童基金会为儿童提供基础教育，尤其是贫困地区。UNICEF provides for children, in poor areas. 3. 这架飞机也用作

17、训练中心。The plane a training centre.4. 人们可以通过捐钱或作为志愿者来帮忙。 People can help by money or as a 。精讲点拨develop vi.&vt. 发展；加强现代音乐最初是在意大利发展起来的。Modern music was first in Italy.科学家们正在研制治疗癌症的新药Scientists are new drugs to treat cancer.他已经成为了一位有经验的领导。He into an experienced leader. 拓展 development n. 发展，进展，开发devel

18、oping adj. 发展中的 developed adj. 发达的hand out 分发，发出 拓展 hand in 上交点拨 hand out为“动词副词”短语结构，当其宾语是名词时，放在out前后皆可；当宾语为代词时，只能放在out 之前。老师将作业本分发给了学生。The teacher the exercise books to the students. 书在这儿，请把它们分发出去Here are the books. Please . 形合练习： A 谓语与非谓语1. 80 per cent of these cases can be （prevent） or cured.2. L

19、ocal doctors were (invite) on board to learn about eye (operate).3. How many patients (operate) on during your last visit?4. Modern medicine is （develop） quickly but more money is needed to （开展）the work.5. Another charity show （hold） by the Students Union last night.6. Some charity organizations, （i

20、nclude） Oxfam, (建立) in the UK in 1942. 7. Hundreds of leaflets （分发） by the volunteers every year. 8. The officer in India （下定决心）to train as a volunteer and attended courses after work. 9. She used to be afraid of flying but she （习惯） traveling by plane now.B格性数级1. Is it great for the (organize) to wo

21、rk for the equal rights of girls and women? 2. When will you tell us something about （blind） 3. Many patients dont have the money for medical (treat). 4. Is the doctor (自豪) to help people improve their lives?8B Unit8 基础知识Objectives: To master the words, phrases and sentences of the units.Procedures:

22、Activity One : Check the words , phrases and sentences .1. Words: 1.wise adj. _ (adv.) 2pollute v. _ (n.)3. serious adj. _ (adv.) 4recycle v. _(n.)5. different adj. _ (n.) 6.punish v. _ (n.7. careless adj. _ (n.) _ (adv.) 8. harm v. _ (adj.) 有害的 _ (adj.) 无害的 9. 污染 10. 导致，造成 11. 允许 12. 空的 13. 依靠，依赖，指

23、望 14. 调查 II. phrases:1. 通过骑自行车减少空气污染 2. 通过回收垃圾保护环境 3. 被分到不同组 4. 依赖，取决于 5. 在公共地方扔垃圾 6. 用光，用尽 7. 有影响，有作用 8. 投入使用 III. Sentences:1今年更多的树将被种植吗？ more trees this year?2.甚至是旧衣服和旧鞋子也可以被回收。 Even old clothes and shoes .3. 我们不允许砍树，否则我们会被惩罚。 We to trees. , we 4. 他们被警察罚款了，因为他们在公共场合丢垃圾。They by the police because

24、they in a public place. 5.这些新能源将永远不会用尽而且产生很少的污染。These new types of energy will never and little pollution. 6. 如果不清理干净的话，更多的人在将来会受到伤害。 More people in the future if it Activity Two: Discuss the following points in groups. Mark the questions if there are any.巧辨异同 alive, living, lively, live和life(1)aliv

25、e 是形容词，意为“活着的，在世的”，通常只作表语或后置定语。我们昨天捕的那条鱼还活着。 The fish we caught yesterday is still . (2)living 可作形容词，意为“活着的，有生命的(尤指现存的)”；还可作名词，意为“生存之道，生计”。常用搭配：make a living 谋生；living things 生物。她没有还健在的亲戚了。She has no relatives. 对我们来说，在世的人比去世的人更重要。The are more important to us than the dead. 他的叔叔以开车谋生His uncle as a dr

26、iver.。(3)lively 是形容词，意为“有生气的，生机勃勃的”。一个生气勃勃的人总是充满活力。 A person is full of energy. (4)live 作动词时，意为“活着，生活，居住”；作形容词或副词时， 表示“现场直播”。历史上国王都希望长生不老， 但没有一个成功。Kings in history wanted to forever, but none of them succeeded. 它不是录制节目， 是实况转播。 It wasnt a recorded show. It was . 这场比赛将现场直播。 The race wil (5)life 是名词，意为

27、“生命，生活”。其复数形式是lives。人生是由琐碎的事构成的。 of little things. 形合练习：A 谓语与非谓语1. Can we （减少） energy using by （ 关掉）the lights when we leave the room?2. The environment can (protect） in many ways, such as (recycle) waste.3. Things like glass, plastic and paper （separate） into different groups and (recycle）.4. Some

28、of the clothes （sell） in charity shops, some （give） to the poor,and are sent to factories for recycling.5. A lot of activities are （hold） tomorrow, （大部分） in the town square.B 格性数级1. More and more families own cars and this ( 导致) serious air pollution.2. Is it (明智的) for people to choose public transp

29、ort or ride bicycles? 3. There are also (法律) to limit air and water pollution. 4. We depend on its rich resources to live, so it is important for us to protect it (wise). 5. What have you done to (起作用) to the environment?6 . A simple step to save energy is to turn off the power when our computer （不用

30、）.7. If coal, oil and natural gas are used or thrown away ( care), they will finally (用光). 8A Units 5-8语法知识动词被动语态讲与练习一被动语态的含义： 英语动词的语态有两种- 主动语态和被动语态当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。二被动语态的构成：be+过去分词构成。 被动语态的时态通过be表现出来。 以 “watch”为例，各时态谓语动词的主动和被动时态名称 主动 被动一般现在watch / watches _watched一般

31、过去 watched _watched一般将来am/is/are going to watch _ watchedwill watch _watched现在进行 am / is / are watching _watched过去进行was / were watching _watched现在完成 have /has watched _watched过去完成had watched _watched三被动语态的变化方式1. His brother washes bowls every day.Bowls _ _ by his brother every day.2. I was doing my

32、homework at 8:00 last night My homework_ _ _ (by me) at 8:00 last night.3. Tom will clean the room tomorrow.The room _ _ _ by Tom.4.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers _ _ _ _last term5.Amy can take good care of Gina Gina _ _ _ _ _ by Amy.6. They will finish the work in ten days.The wo

33、rk_ _ _ (by them) in ten days.7.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms _ _ _ _ some workers now.8.We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys_ _ _ by us.被动变化中应注意的问题：1.注意短语动词的完整性（即：主动句的谓语动词若由v + prep / adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏或隔开。eg. We must take care of the baby The baby must be taken c

34、are of.2.在主动中省“to”的动词不定式 在被动中要加“to”.The teacher made him stand for two hours. He was made to stand for two hours (by the teacher).这类动词有 A: 使役动词：let / make / have sb. doB:感观动词：see / watch / hear / feel / notice sb. do 3.含双宾语动词的变化She gave me a book. I was given a book. A book was given to me. He made

35、her a kit. She was made a kite. A kite was made for her.总结：将双宾语中表示物的宾语变为被动的主语 后，表人的宾语要用 “to”或 “for”连接。A. bring, give, lend, pass, send,show, tell, write, offer- toB. buy, get, make, sing-for4. 不及物动词无被动语态（take place/ happen ; last ; rise ; sink ; fall等）eg. The accident was happened two days ago. (改错) 何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world English _(speak) all over the world.Cars _(make) in Shanghai.The trees _(cut) down last night.二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如： My bike was