安徽凤阳县凤阳二中七年级英语下册第八单元词汇和句型精讲人教新目标版

1、Unit 8I'd like some noodles.1.special n.特价品；特色菜1）今天的特价午餐是什么？Whats today s lunch special?2）我们店有两种新的特价菜。We have two great new specials in our restaurant.adj.特别的；专门的3）我会在她生日时给她个特殊的礼物。I ll give her something special on her birthday.4）会有专车来接她。A special car will pick her up.specially adv.特别地；专门地5）专门训练

2、过的狗经常被用来帮助盲人。Specially trained dogs are often used to help the blind.2.drink n.饮料；酒；（酒，水等的）一杯1）我不喜欢喝热/冷 /饮料。I don t like hot drinks / cold drinks / soft drinks.2）他们周末经常一起喝酒。They often have a drink on weekends.3）喝杯水吧！走了这么远的路你一定渴了。You must be thirsty after the long walk. Have a drink of water.vt. drin

3、k - drank -drunk喝4）让我给你弄点喝的。Let me get you something to drink.drink sth. to sb.举杯祝某人5）咱们举杯祝她好运/ 成功 / 健康。Let s drink good luck / success / health to her.6）我爸爸已经戒酒了。My father has given up drinking.3. order n.命令1）军人必须服从命令。Soldiers must obey orders.n. 次序，顺序2）所有的书按顺序吗？Are all the books in order?3）按听到的顺序写

4、出单词。Write the words in the order that you hear them.4）我觉得这些书页放乱了。I think these pages are out of order.n. （尤指机器等）运转良好，正常5）电梯现在运转正常。The lift / elevator is now in working order.16）投币电话出故障了。The pay phone is out of order.n. 点餐；订货7）你现在可以点餐了吗？May I take your order now?8）我们要订购一台新洗衣机。Well place an order for

5、a new washing machine.9）请填写订货点菜单。Please fill in the order form.vt.命令；吩嘱咐order sb（ not ） to do.命令吩咐某人（不）做10）他命令他的部下立刻出发。He ordered his men to start at once.11）医生嘱咐他不要再吸烟了。The doctor ordered him not to smoke any more.12）他命令我们立刻离开。（虚拟语气）He ordered（ that ） we （ should ） leave at once.in order （ not ） to

6、 do sth.以便（不）能，为了（不）做13）为了能按时到那里，你可以搭爸爸的车。In order to get there on time, you can get a ride from your father.14）植物要生存得需要水。Plants need water in order to live.15）为了不错过班车，她今天早上起得很早。In order not to miss the bus, she got up early this morning.vt. order sth.点餐;订货16）你准备好点餐了吗？Are you ready to order your din

7、ner?17）他们已经为你生日订了一个蛋糕。They've ordered a cake for your birthday.vt.把呼来唤去18）我希望她停止对我呼来唤去。I hope she will stop ordering me around.语法：名词复数的变化规律一、名词复数的构成方法及读音规则1. 一般情况加 s：清辅音后读 /s/ 。例如：map maps; drink drinks; roof roofs; park parks; 元音后读 /z 。例如：boy boys; show shows; zoo zoos;panda pandas; carcars; si

8、nger singers;浊辅音后读/z/。例如：girlgirls; pen pens; friendfriends;bag bags; lab labs; room rooms;22. 以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾加 es,读 /iz/。如：bus buses watch watchesbox boxes brush brushesmatch matches fish fishes3. 以辅音字母 +y 结尾 , 变 y 为 i ，再加 es, 读 /z/ 。例如：babybabies; strawberry strawberriescountry countries; story

9、storiesfamily families; citycities但以 y 结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s 变复数。two Marysthe Henrysboy boys; monkey monkeys;play plays; holiday holidays4. 以 o 结尾的名词，变复数时：1）加 s, 如：photo-photos, zoo-zoospiano-pianos, radio-radios；2）加 es, 如：potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes,hero-heroes （英雄） ,Negro-Negroes （黑人）

10、volcano-volcanoes（火山） ,mosquito-mosquitoes（蚊子）mango-mangoes / mangos（芒果） ,5. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时：1）加 s，如：belief-beliefs（信仰，信任）roof-roofs（房顶）safe-safes（保险柜）gulf-gulfs（海沟，海湾）handkerchief-handkerchiefs/ handkerchieves（手绢 / 帕）scarf-scarfs / scarves（围巾）2）去 f, fe加 ves ，如：half-halves（半） knife-knivesleaf-lea

11、veswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-lives（生命）thief-thieves shelf-shelves（架子）self-selves（自己）6. 以 th 结尾的词，在词尾加 -s 。mouth-mouths, path-paths（小路） ,death-deaths（死亡的人） ,month-months二、名词复数的不规则变化31.child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth, goose-geese（鹅） ,mouse-mice （小老鼠） ,man-men,woman-women,注意：由一个词加man 或 woman 构成的合成

12、词，其复数形式也是-men和 -women。an Englishman-two Englishmen。但 German不是合成词，所以复数形式为Germans.2. 单复同形。如：deer 鹿，sheep 绵羊3. 集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。people police cattle 等本身就是复数， 不能说 a people （一个人） ，a police ，a cattle; （但是可以有： a people : 一个民族）但在表达“一个”时，可以说a person ， a policeman ， a head of cattle .4. 以 s 结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：1）m

13、aths（英：数学），politics（政治）， physics （物理）等学科名词，虽然后有-s ，但是为单数形式。2） news 为不可数名词。3） the United States， the United Nations视为单数。4）以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如：“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story book.一千零一夜是一本很有趣的故事书。5. 表示由两部分构成的东西，只有复数形式。glasses; trousers; pants; shorts; shoes;compasses（圆规） sc

14、issors（剪刀）等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双） ; suit（套）。a pair of glasses“一副眼镜” ;two pairs of trousers“两条裤子”等。6. 另外还有一些名词， 其复数形式有时可表示特别意思。 如：goods 货物， waters 水域， fishes （各种）鱼。三、表示“某国人”的单复数变化：1. 单复数形式相同Chinese-Chinese; Japanese-Japanese: Swiss-Swiss（瑞士人）2. 加 -s 的词：German-Germans（德国人）Russian-Russians（俄罗斯人）Roman

15、-Romans （罗马人）American-AmericansArab-Arabs（阿拉伯人）3. 有变化的词有：Frenchman-Frenchmen; Englishman-Englishmen四、合成名词变为复数时：1. 第一个或最后一个词变成复数。girl friend-girl friends（女朋友）4boy student-boy students（男学生）grown-up-grown-ups（成年人）passer-by-passers-by（过路人）son-in-law -sons-in-law（女婿）2. 构成合成名词的两个词都要变为复数。man servant-men se

16、rvants（男仆人）woman teacher-women teachersman doctor - men doctors1.What kind of noodles would you like?（ P47 1C）你想吃哪种类型的面条？would like + sth. / to do sth. / sb. to do sth想/想要 /愿意1） - 你想喝什么？- 我想喝杯茶。-What would you like to drink?- I d like a cup of tea.2）她不想那样做。She wouldn t like to do that.3）我想让你和我一起去那里。

17、I d like you to go there with me.would like 与 want 的区别：would like 与 want 都有“愿意，想，想要”的意思，但用法略有不同：A：表示愿望时would like与 want 意思接近，但 would like 更加客气、更礼貌、更委婉一些。B： would like主要用于委婉地提出请求或建议，常用于口语中。C： would like与 want 两个词可以互换，但want 有时态、人称变化，而 would like则没有。what kind of询问“哪一种”。4）你妈妈喜欢哪种水果？What kind of fruit do

18、es your mother like?kind名词，表示事物的种类。a kind of一种5）竹子是一种草。Bamboo is a kind of grass.6）这是一种蔬菜吗？Is this a kind of vegetable?this / that kind of这 / 那一种7）这种书在青少年中很畅销。This kind of book is very popular among teenagers.all kinds of = kinds of = different kinds of各种各样的8）动物园里有各种各样的动物。There are all kinds of anim

19、als in the zoo.9）这家服装店卖各种各样的T- 恤衫。The clothes store sells different kinds of T-shirts.2.I d like beef and tomato noodles, please.（P47 1c） 我想吃牛肉西红柿面。=I d like noodles with beef and tomatoes.5注意：I d like beef and tomato noodles.名词作定语修饰名词时，修饰词一般不用复数形式。1）河边有很多苹果树。There are many apple trees near the rive

20、r.2）你想要两碗鸡蛋西红柿面吗？Would you like two bowls of egg and tomato noodles?3）他的叔叔在一家面条店里工作。His uncle works in a noodle house. =His uncle works in a house of noodles.4）打扰一下。你能告诉我饺子馆在哪里吗？Excuse me. Can you tell me where the dumpling house is?=Excuse me. Can you tell me where the house of dumplings is?5）我要一大份

21、草莓香蕉冰激凌。I d like a big strawberry and banana ice cream.6）学生活动调查结果是什么？What is the result of the student activity survey?a sports club体育俱乐部sports shoes运动鞋sports collections体育收藏品sports shirt（男子的）运动衣sports meet / meeting运动会sports car跑车sports作定语，常用复数形式，只用在名词前面。3.What size bowl of noodles would you like?（

22、 P48 Grammar Focus ）你想要多大碗的面条？what size询问尺寸、 大小， “多大尺寸， 什么号码的”。size是名词， 可以表示物品的大小、尺寸、号码。1） - 你要多大号码的鞋？- 我要 38 码的。-What size shoes would you like?- I d like Size 38.2）这件恤有点小，你能给我一件大号的吗？This T-shirt is a little small for me. Would you like to show me a larger size?a bowl of”一碗”；冠词数词容器名词of+ 名词3）她晚饭只喝了一

23、碗粥。She only had a bowl of porridge for dinner.4）那个男孩午饭吃了两碗米饭。The boy had two bowls of rice for lunch.a cup of / two cups of tea一两杯茶a basket of / three baskets of apples一三篮子苹果a bag of / four bags of rice一四袋子大米a glass of / two glasses of milk一两杯牛奶4.Extended sentences（拓展）Waiter:· Welcome to This w

24、ay, please.6· Can I help you? / What can I do for you?· Here s the menu.· May I take your order now?· Wait a minute / moment, please· Here s the change, please. Customer:· I d like a table for two / four.· May I order / take an order now?· What （kind of / size

25、） do you have?· How much is the big bowl of?· That s too expensive. Id like 5.At the house of dumplings, we have some great specials!（ P51 3a）在我们的饺子馆，我们有一些特价餐！special adj.形容词，“特殊的，特别的，专门的”；此处作为名词，表示“特价商品，特别节目，特刊等”。1）他是我一个特殊的朋友。（形容词）He is a special friend of mine.2）今天的报纸上没有什么特殊的东西。Theres no

26、thing special in todays newspaper.（形容词）3）他们将坐专列从上海来北京。They will take a special train from Shanghai to Beijing.（形容词）4）今天你们餐馆的特价菜是什么？（名词）What is today s special in your restaurant?5）昨天我在回家的路上买了一本体育特刊。I bought a sports special on my way home yesterday.（名词）6.Special 1 has beef and onion, and is just 10

27、RMB for 15 dumplings.（P51 3a）1 号特价餐有牛肉和洋葱， 15 个饺子只需 10 元。for 有时可以代替好多动词，在此译成“买到”。1）他没有钱打出租车。He didn t have any money for a taxi.2）我昨天得回家吃午饭。I had to go home for lunch yesterday.3）今天早上她把作业落在家里了，她得回家取。She left her homework at home this morning and she had to go home for it.7. 中考链接1） -Shall we stay at

28、home watching TV tonight?- No. I d like _ and see a film. A.to goB.goC.wentD.going 答疑编号500201090301正确答案 A72） -What would you like to drink?- It doesn t matter. _ will do.A.NothingB.EverythingC.SomethingD.Anything 答疑编号5002010903023） -What a hot day! Have you had a drink?- Yes. I d like to have _ afte

29、r work.A.itB.oneC.otherD.another 答疑编号5002010903034） -Would you like one of the moon cakes?-_.A.Yes, pleaseB.Yes, I wouldC.No, pleaseD.No, I dont 答疑编号500201090304正确答案 A5） - Mum, I m hungry.-What about going to KFC _hamburgers?A.eatB.to eatC.eatingD.and eat 答疑编号500201090305正确答案 B6） Look at the _, sir.

30、 The white shirt is larger than the yellow one.A.ShirtB.sizeC.weightD.color 答疑编号5002010903068正确答案 B7） -Good morning, madam. Can I help you?- Sure. I d like _ for cooking vegetables. A.two cups of coffeeB.three pieces of bread C.one bowl of dumplings D.five kilos of oil 答疑编号 5002010903078） - Whats your favorite _?-Oranges.A.colorB.fruitC.juiceD.vegetable 答疑编号500201090308正确答案 B9） The British people eat _ a lot, which are usually cooked in different ways.A.chickenB.beefC.fishD.potatoes 答疑编号5002