状语从句的用法归纳

1、状语从句Adverbial Clausei. 本章要点：状语从句连接词总表:状语从句常用连词时间状语从句after, before, on ce, si nee, whe n, while, as, each/every time, till/until/no sooner .than, scarcely whehardly when, whenever, as soon as, by the time地点状语从句where, wherever条件状语从句If, uni ess, as/so long as, once, in case, on con diti on that, suppos

2、 ing(that),given (that), provided (that)让步状语从句although, though, as, even if, even though, whe n, while, whether.or.,whether.or not, whatever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter what/how/where/whe n原因状语从句because, as, since, because of, owing to, now that, for the reas on that, i n that, see ing t

3、hat, con sideri ng that结果状语从句so that, such that, so.that.,such.that.,that.目的状语从句so, so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, for the purpose that, lest方式状语从句as, as if, as though, the way比较状语从句as, than, the+比匕较级 +the+ 比较级., as.as.II. 状语从句语法点分述:一、时间状语从句常用连接词：词义连接词当whe nwhileas直到un tiltill一就no s

4、ooner thanhardly whenscarcely whenas soon as the mome nt/the secondonce在之前/后before/ after到为止by1. when的用法a. 当时”两件事情相继发生（从句动作在主句动作之前发生）Whe n I receive your email, I will reply soon.?Attention?此句为 主将从现”原则，即在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。b. （正在时）突然.was/were about to do.whe n sth. did.was/were on the way

5、/po int of doin g.whe n sth. did.小试身手1）The smiths were spending their holidays in Paris _ B_ a terrible tsunami happened.A onceB whe nC sinceD while2. while的用法a. 在期间”，用延续性动词While he was eat ing his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.b. 表对比Some courses in college are required while others are opti

6、 on al.c. 虽然，尽管（放句首，主从句主语为同一人或物）While I think livi ng in poverty is bad, I don't care about mon ey.?Attention和although相比，while语气比较弱，比较口语化。Although正式，语气也强烈。3. as的用法a. 正当的时候”(动词可短暂，可延续)As they were walking together in the shrubbery (灌木丛)the next day, she said something.As I was going out, it bega

7、n to rain.b. 随着”As she grew older she gained in con fide nee.小试身手选词填空：1) Tom is very outgo ing,(whe n/while/as) Jane is shy and quiet.2) Some people waste food(as/whe n/while ) others have n ' t eno ugh.4. before的用法固定结构：long before+事件（在以前很久）before Iong=soon （不久以后 ）Jane had not bee n gone long be

8、fore it rained hard.吉英刚走不久就下起大雨。小试身手1）Long before he was born, his grandpaAA. had diedB. passed awayC. had deadD. had bee n dead5. by the time/by the end of 用法结构公式：by the time/by the end of+过去时间：到 的时候（主句用过去完成时）By the end of the war, the small work-shop had become a large factory.回顾：by +将来时间搭配什么时态？Wo

9、rkers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.6. as soon as/the moment/ the minute/ the second/no sooner than/ hardly when/scarcely .wher一 就”a. as soon as1）讲过去的事情As soon as I en tered the house, I sin gled you out as a compa nion of my future life.（动作同时发生）As soon as he had fini she

10、d, Jenny told him she wan ted to go home.（动作有先后） 2）讲一般的情况Researchers found that wome n are overcome by a burning desire to share gossip as soon asthey hear it.研究人员发现，女性一旦听到什么八卦新闻，就难以克制要去和其他人分享。b. the moment/the second/ the minuteThe mome nt I saw her, I fell in love with her. (首字母)c. no sooner .than

11、; hardly/scarcely whenThey had no sooner dined tha n they set off aga in.陈述句结构公式1: sb. had no sooner done than sb./sth. did陈述句结构公式2： sb. had hardly/scarcely done when sb./sth. did倒装句结构公式1: No sooner had sb. done than sb. did小试身手1) No soonerthe fans(see) the movie star tha n they cried.2) Igot back t

12、o the kitche n tha n the door-bell rang loud eno ugh to wake the dead.A. no soonerB. had no soonerC. no sooner hadD. had hardly3) The party had hardly started when the police arrived.( 连词成句)d. once用法Once you cross that line, once yougiven in'to vear, you' ll never go back.7. whenever, no mat

13、ter when, every/each time 的补充用法 They made no effort to hide their amuseme nt whe never I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket.小试身手连词成句1）Every time he wan ted to come into the garde n he would barksome one ope ned thegate.2）无论你去哪里，无论你做什么，我都会在此等候着你。The springs in the armchair creak （发出咯吱声） Icha

14、nge positi on.8. until的用法a.延续动词/状态+untilnot +瞬间动词+ untilEverythi ng went well un til the day a twen ty-dollar bill disappeared.You don't know what you can achieve un til you try.真题试炼1）Mr. Zhang didn ' t have a resthe finished the project his workmates in thecompa ny.A. afterB. whileC. un til

15、D. whe n2）The firema n stopped work ing whe n all the workers were saved.（保持原意，改写句子）The firema nall the workers were saved.3）My father started the engine after we all went dow nstairs.（保持原意，改写句子）My fatherwe all went dow nstairs.b.强调句结构：It is not untilthatShe didn ' t realize that her idea was wr

16、ongtil she experieneed a series of defeats.It is not until she experieneed a series of defeats that she realized that her idea was wrong.小试身手1）It was not until dark that he realized it was too late to return home.（ 同义句转换 ）Heit was too late to retur n homedark.二、地点状语从句常用连接词：where, whereverYouhad bett

17、er makea markwhere you have any questi ons.主语谓语宾语地点状语从句辨析:Hewasfreeto gowhere he liked主语谓语宾语补语地点状语从句Ifirst sawhimin Pariswhere I lived in the early sixties.主语谓语宾语地点状语定语从句 Wherever/No matter where there is smoke, there is fire.判断对错:I ' II go no matter where you are.?Attentionwhereverno matter whe

18、re地点状语从句让步状语从句名词性从句小试身手判断对错:1) I ' II go wherever you are.()2) I ' II go no matter where you are.()3) No matter where her mum goes, she' II follow h er.)4) Wherever her mum goes, she ' II follow her. ()Tips:如果选项中同时出现wherever ; no matter where,通常选wherever.小试身手判断题：1) I will give you no

19、 matter what you want.()2) No matter what you recomme nd, I willbuy it.()3) I believe whatever he says.()4) Whatever he says, I believe him.()5) No matter what I do, you won't like it.()三、原因状语从句常用连接词： because, since, aS等。1. because语势最强，用来说明直接的原因，回答why提出的问题。当主句为否定句时，从句because与主句间有无逗号，意思不同。I did n

20、 ' t in vite him, because I wan ted to borrow some books.I did n ' t in vite hbmcause I wan ted to borrow some books.2. since既然，由于”表示对方已知的、无须加以说明的既成事实的理由，只是一个附带说明， 如从句表示的原因不是确定的事实，通常用because.Since everybody is here, let' s begin.He must have take n the book since it isn't here.3. .as

21、'由于，因为”，表示十分明显的原因，所引导的从句常位于主句之前，一般说明因果 关系，着重点在主句。As she was no horsewoma n, walki ng was her only alter native c.（ 首字母）4. for不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断；不能用在句首，只能用在逗号后面。由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，可以用 for引导的并列句来代替He is abse nt today, because / for he is ill.The news that the carriage was not available ti

22、ll next Tuesday annoyed him, for he wasimpatie nt to get home.5.其他表示原因的词now that /because of/owing to/due to /thanks to?Attention?引导原因的词分成两大类:从句词组because, since, as, for, now thatbecause of, owing to, due to, tha nks to真题试炼1) Every Double Ninth Festival people climb up high A they think they can get

23、 good luckand live a long life.A. becauseB. so thatC. as soon asD. though小试身手用 because, as, since, for 填空:1) There must be no body in the classroom,the light is off.2) he was not feeling well， I decided to go there alone.3) you have known the news, I won' t repeat it.4) We stayed at homeit raine

24、d.四、目的状语从句常用连接词：that, so that, in order that 等。You must speak louder so that /i n order that you can be heard by all.小试身手用连词连接两句句子：t be late for school.He got up early that morning. He would n?Attention?in order (not) to为了，可放句首句尾so as (not) to为了，不能放句首so that为了，表目的so .that如此以至于，表结果I'll run slowly

25、 so that you can catch up with me.真题试炼1) She raised her voice loud in order that she might be heard.(保持原意，改写句子 )She raised her voice loudbe heard.2) Mr. Jones prefers to stay at home in order to care for his sick mother.( 保持句意基本不变 )Mr. Jones prefers to stay at homehe can care for his sick mother.3)

26、This morning I got up earlybe late for the En glish Exam.A. in order toC. so as toB. in order to notD. so as not to五、结果状语从句常用连接词：sothat, suchthat等。?Attention?suchso词性形容词副词修饰名词/名词词组形容词/副词连用such (a,a n)so man y/much/little/few结构such (a, an )+(adj.)+n.so + adj.+ (the+n.)小试身手1) The weather is so nice th

27、at all of us want to go to the park.用such改写:2) She is so clever a girl that the teachers like her very much.用such改写:真题试炼1) The price of flat is so high that many people can ' t afford it now.保持句意基本不变 )The price of flat isfor many people to afford now.2) The problem is too difficult for us to wor

28、k out.( 保持句意基本不变)The problem iscan work it out.The problem iseno ugh for us to work out.六、条件状语从句常用连接词：if, unless, as/so long as on condition that 等。if引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句在虚拟语气中阐述。1. unless = if notLet's go out for a walk unlessyou are too tired.=If you are not too tired, let's go out

29、 for a walk.小试身手1) You will be lateyou leave immediately.A. unl essB. un tilC. ifD. or2) Each of us is unsocial and unwilling to speak, if we don' t expect to say something that willamaze the whole room.Each of us is un social and un willi ng to speak,we expect to say someth ing that willamaze t

30、he whole room.2. 主将从现原则As long as you feed him, he will be cooperative.3. 祈使句 +and/or/otherwise + 一般将来时If you use your head, you' ll find a way.=Use your head and you ' ll find a way.小试身手1) -Do you know if finished the work?-Not yet. If he , he will give me a call.A. he' sw,ill finishB.

31、he' lfli,nishesC. he' sfi,nishesD. he' lwl, ill finish真题试炼1) You' lpl robably fail the P.E. exam again _B you practise more.D. afterD. afterA. when B. unless C. if2) -Would you like to go to the park with me, Susan?-I ' d like to, you don' t want to go alone.A. until B. befor

32、e C. if3) You will be out of date you keep on studying from time to time.A. untilB. althoughC .orD. unless4) You won't find a good solutionyou put your heart into the project on environment.A. uni essB. ifC. thoughD.because5) Be quick, or you will miss the school bus.( 保持句意基本不变 )You will miss th

33、e school busyouquick.6) Jack won ' t go to have a barbecue with us. He should finish the work first.合并为一句 )Jack won ' o go have a barbecue with ushehe work on time.7) Put on your coat, or you' II catch保持句意基本不变)youput on your coat, you' ll catch a cold.七、比较状语从句常用连接词：than, as as,not so

34、 as从句：the +比较级 ；主句：the +比较级,(just) asso等。You drank a great deal more than you ought.Mr. Darcy must know that Elizabeth was as amiable and unpretending as we have found her.1. (just) as so 正如一样，也/同样Just as some people are born artists, so some are born sportsme n.真题试炼1) The wonderful special effects

35、make Transformers (变形金刚)one offilms of theyear.A. excit ingB. more excit ingC. excit ingD. the most excit ing2) In exams, the more careful you are, themistakes you' II make.A. moreB. lessC. fewerD. few2. no more than =only仅仅；只不过She has got3 pairs of shoes. =She has got3 pairs of shoes.Jack isa p

36、oor street boy. =Jack isa poor street boy.小试身手1) As water is to fish, so air is to man.2) Justwe sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.八、方式状语从句常用连接词： as ,in the way that, as if, as though 等。1. as通常位于主句后。Always do to others as you would be done by.2. as if, as though仿佛似的，从

37、句谓语常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。The old man runs very fast as if he were a young man. （虚拟）It looks as if it' s goin真tOra in.（3. in the way that 以的方式We like pictures in the same way that we like pretty curta in material.（首字母）九、让步状语从句常用连接词： though, although, as, even if, even though,

38、 whether or not, no matter +殊疑问词，特殊疑问词+ever等。1. though, although虽然，尽管Although it's, they are still working in the field. （ 首字母）2. as虽然，尽管，必须用倒装。Sweet as he is, he does n't pay his bills.?Attention?当有though, although时，主句不能有 but，但是though和yet可连用；although和still可连用。小试身手1. 单项选择1) she is young, she

39、 knows quite a lot.A. WhenB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Un less2) He didn ' t know anyone at the party,he had a very good time.A. becauseB.whe nC.ifD.but3) _ Thanksgiving Day is a westernfestival, it' s still achanee for us tothank our parents.A. AlthoughB.IfC.WhenD.Because2. 首字母填空1) For most big fir

40、e survivors, though the sore may be healed, yet a sear may remain.2) Though Tom worked hardi n his shop for too long, he felt happy every day.3. even if就算（带假设），even though即使（表事实）Eve n though he was bigger, he n ever looked dow n on me.真题试炼1) Mrs. Shute wouldn' t leave the TV set,her children wer

41、e waiting for their supper.A. ifB. becauseC. even thoughD. as soon as2) Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice,they knew it to be valuable.A. as ifB. now thatC. even thoughD. so that4. whetheror不管都Whether you believe it or no t, it is bey ond a walk.不管主人是否高兴，加菲猫狼吞虎咽的吃(devour)着肉酱千层面 (beef lasag

42、na)。5. "no matter +疑问词"或"疑问词+后缀ever"No matter what happe ned, he would not mind.=Whatever happe ned, he would not mind.no matter what =no matter who =no matter whe n =no matter where =no matter which =no matter how =小试身手1. 判断下列句子的对错。1) No matter what you say is of no use now.()2)

43、 Whatever you say is of no use now.()3) Pris oners have to eat no matter what they'regive n.()4) Pris oners have to eat whatever they're give n.()2. 保原意，改写句子。1) You may go wherever you like.You may go toyou like.2) When ever she comes, she says the same word.she comes, she says the same word

44、.3) I will buy the picture, no matter how expe nsive it is.I will buy the picture,expe nsive it is.III. Review一、用适当的连词填空：1. I ' m staying in all weekendI can get my work done.2. He spoke to meit was all my fault..0.二、.5.6.He didn ' t react I' d hoped; he was actually

45、 rather angry.He' d like to be an actor his father would like him to be an artist.I am sorry to be late but I ran I could to the office.She is interested in her work she never seems to do anything else. I like him, I sometimes find him irritating.I won ' t believe you I' ve seen it for m

46、yself. I didn ' t feel well, we decided to leave early.I will meet you you like. I don ' t mind where it is.选择题：We were half an hour late for dinner we had taken the wrong bus.A. ifB. while C. unlessD. becauseYou won ' t catch the last bus you hurry up.A. if B. when C. unlessD. because-W

47、hen will Peter telephone us?-As soon as he home.A. gets B. got C. will getD. has gotNo matter how much you think you hate school, you will still miss it you leave it.A. whenB. unlessC. untilD. since- Time to go to bed, Tony.- Oh, Mum, I won ' t go to bed I have finished the article.A) after B) t

48、hough C) untilD) as soon as it rains this Saturday, we' ll have a picnic in Century Park.A. ifB. Un lessC. BecauseD. When7. The old man still coughed a lothe took sonic medic ine.A. IfB. sinceC. becauseD. although8. Some citize ns grow vegetables themselvesthey are worried about the safety of thefood.A. ifB. althoughC. un tilD. because9. the gover nment has promised to improve road safety, little has bee n achieved sofar.A. IfB. AlthoughC. Un lessD. Because10. The cottage will be cold. Make surethe heater.A. you lightB. if you light C. you'll lightD. for light ing11. is well-