中考状语从句专题讲解加配套练习

1、第四讲 状语从句知识要点列举要点一、状语从句概述状语主要是用来修饰动词和形容词的，以说明动作发生或状态存在的时间、地点、 原因、目的、结果等。状语从句即指在主从复合句中用作状语的从句。状语从句 主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。要点二、状语从句的分类 按照其意义不同一般可分为九大类，分别是：1、时间状语从句2、原因状语从句3、目的状语从句4、结果状语从句5、条件状语从句6、让步状语从句7、地点状语从句8、比拟状语从句9、方式状语从句初中阶段主要掌握前面 1到 6种状语从句。要点三、状语从句的分类讲解1、时间状语从句用表示时间的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是时间状语从句。常用引导词：

2、when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until如:I did n't realize how special my mother was un til I became an adult.While Joh n was watch ing TV, his wife was cook ing.J知识拓一由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句的区别用法 when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且 when有时表示就在那时。如： When she came in, I st

3、opped eating她进来时，我在吃饭。瞬时动词 When I lived in the coun tryside, I used to carry some water for him.当我的住在农村时，我常常为他担水。延续性的动词 We were about to leave whe n he came in.我们就要离幵，就在那时他进来了。就在那时 While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生或者相对应。并且while有时还可以表示比照。女如: While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watchin

4、g TV.was reading是延续性的动词，并且 was reading和 was watching同时发生 I like playi ng football while you like playi ng basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。比照 As表示一边一边，as引导的动作是延续性的动作， 一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调一先一后。如：We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。as表示 一边一边 As we was going out, it bega n to snow.当我们出门时，幵始下雪了。as强调句中两个动作紧接着

5、先后发生，而不强调幵始下雪的特定时间二由before和after引导的时间状语从句的区别用法 before 引导的从句不再用否认式的谓语，并且当 before 引导的从句位于主句之 后，有时译成 “就，才 。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时， 从句总是用现在时；如果 before 引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，那么主句动词多用 过去完成时，这样以便表达动作发生的先后。如： It will be four days before they come back.他们要过四天才能回来。Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me. 爱

6、因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。They had not been married four months before they were divorced. 他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。 after 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与 before 引导的从句相反。如： After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. 你仔细考虑过以后，

7、告诉我你是怎样决定的。After we had finished the work, we went home. 完成工作之后，我们回家了。 从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时三till 或 until 引导的时间状语从句的区别till 和 until 一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用 until 。但要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否认形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否认形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。 till 不可以用在句首，而 until 可以放在句首。如： I didn't go to bed until till my fat

8、her came back. 直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English. 直到散会之后他才开始教我英语。I worked until he came back. 我工作到他回来为止。I didn't work until he came back. 他回来我这才开始工作。Please wait until I arrived. 在我到达之前请等我。四since 引导的时间状语从句的用法since 引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般

9、情况 下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在 It is 时间 since 从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。如： I have been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板

10、离开北京有五个月了。五在时间状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时或祈使句表示将来的意义时，时 间状语从句用一般现在时。如： I ' ll let him know as soon as she comes.她一来，我就会让你知道。Jane didn ' t go to work until she finished her homework.简直到完成作业才睡觉。2、原因状语从句用表示原因的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是原因状语从句。原因状语从句通常由 because, sin ce, as,for引丨导。女口： He did n't come to schoo

11、l because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo.Since you can' t an swer the questi on, I ' ll ask some one else.知识拓 because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。答复由why提出的问题，只能用 because as和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从句多放在句首。 for有时也可引出表示原因的分句，但它只能位于后面，对前一分句加以解释或推断。女口:

12、-Why are n't you going there?-Because I don ' t want to.As he has no car, he can ' t get there easily.Since we have no money, we can ' t buy it.3、目的状语从句用表示目的的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是目的状语从句。引导目的状语从句的附属连词主要有in order that, so that, i n case, for fear等。如：I hired a boat so that I could go f

13、ishing.我租了一条船去约鱼。Take your rain coat in case it rains (should rain). 带上雨衣以防下雨。He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam.他努力学习是为了能通过考试。知识拓so that既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的方法有两个： 目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等。 从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。女口： Speak clearly so that they may understand

14、 you.目的状语从句 Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest.结果状语从句4. 结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的附属连词主要有so that, so thasuchthat等。如：He was so angry that he could n't speak.他气得话都说不出来。He shut the win dow with such force that the glass broke.他关窗子用力太大，玻璃都 震破了。【注】：so that和 such.that可以互换。.so在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连

15、用。其结构是:+形容词副词+ that +从句女口：The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数 或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。如： It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything. He made such ra

16、pid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。如： It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.如果名词前由 many, much, little, few 等词修饰时，只能用 so, 不用 such。 如： Soon there were so many deer that they ate

17、 up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he can' t go to the cinema with you. so.that.句型的否认形式可用简单句too.to.或 not.enough to 代替。如： He is so young that he can 't go to school.他太小了，不能上学。=He is too young to go to school.=He is not old eno ugh to go to school.5、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的附属连词主要有if, uni

18、 ess, as so lo ng as等。如： Don't come unless I telephone.除非我打 ，否那么你别来。If you watch carefully you will see how to do it.如果你仔细看，你会看出该怎样做在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态主将从现。女口： I ' II heliyou with your English if am free tomorrow.He won't be late unless he is ill. 祈使句+ and or+陈述句一般将来时在意思上相当于一个

19、带有条件状 语从句的复合句。女口： Hurry up, or you ' ll be late.=If you don 't hurry ui, you 'll be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.=If you study hard, you will pass the exam.6. 让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的附属连词主要有although, though, even though， even if 即使，如：The speech is good, though it could be better.这次

20、演讲不错，虽然还可以再好一 点。He went out even though it was raining. 尽管下着雨，他还是出去了。 连词 while 有时也可表示“尽管、“虽然，引导让步状语从句。女口： While we don't agree with each other, we continue to be friends.尽管我们意见不同，我们还是朋友。 whatever, whoever, however, whe never, wherever 等引导让步状语从句。女口： Don't lose heart whatever you do.不管你做什么，都不要

21、灰心。Whoever you are, you can't pass this way. 不管你是谁，你都不能从这里通过。 as也可引导让步状语从句，但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到as前，假设提前的是单数可数名词，要省略 a或an。如： Teacher as he is, he can't know everything. 虽然是老师，他也不可能什么都懂。例题精析1. You will stay healthy you do more exercise, such as running and walking.A. ifB. how C. before D. where答案：

22、A。 思路分析：该题考查的是引导状语从句的附属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应 是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有 if 能引导条件状语从句，所以选 A。2. -Shall we go on working?-Yes, I prefer to have a rest.A. whenB. ifC. becauseD. though答案： D。 思路分析：该题考查的是引导状语从句的附属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选 though 才能说得通。3. None of us knew what had happened they told us about it.A. whenB. untilC. a

23、fterD. though答案： B。思路分析：该题考查的是引导状语从句的附属连词选择。本句的意思是 在以 前我们没人知道这件事。要表达着一意思应用“notuntil这一句型。4. -I hope you 'll enjoy your trip, dear!-Thank you, mum. I 'll give you a call I get there.A. untilB. as soon asC. sinceD. till答案： B思路分析： 该题考查的是引导状语从句的附属连词的选择。此题的意思是 “一到那 里，我就给你打 。 要表达这个意思应选用as soon as。5

24、. Scientists say it may be a few years it is possible to test the new medicine onpatients. 2021，无锡 A.because B.after C.before D.since 答案： C。思路分析： 该题考查的是引导状语从句的附属连词选择。根据题意可知从句的事 情发生在主句之前。应选before。6. We will have no water to drink we don't protect the earth. 2021 ，上海 答案： D。思路分析： 从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句

25、，在这四个选项中只有 if 能 引导条件状语从句，所以选D。7. -Could we play football in your playground,Sir? 2021，扬州 -No,you have the principal's note.A.if B.unless C.because D.since 答案： B。思路分析： 从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，句子意思是 “除非你有校长 的指示 。8. You bought the car about ten years ago?2021，黄岗 Yes. it's old, it still runs well.A.

26、BecauseB. SinceC. AlthoughD. But答案： Cbecause思路分析：此题考查让步状语从句。 根据句意 “尽管旧了，但它运转很好 因为， since 既然， although 尽管， but 但是。应选 C。9. Will you please give the dictionary to Jane?Sure, I ll give it to hershe arrives he2021，天津A. beforeB. untilC. because D. as soon as答案： D思路分析：此题考查时间状语从句。句意 她一到这儿，我就会给她。before在 之前，不

27、符合逻辑；until直到，不能与短暂性动词give连用；because因为，不 符合逻辑；as soon as 一 就，符合句意。应选 D。10. What was your brother doing at this time yesterday? 2021，滨州 He was reading a magazine I was writing anemail at home.A. as soon asB. afterC. untilD. while答案： D思路分析：此题考查时间状语从句。表示当时，连接两个同时进行的动作，用while。应选D。11. The book was written

28、 in _ easy English _ even primary school students could understand it . 2021，镇江A. so; thatB. such; thatC. too; toD. very; that答案： B思路分析： 此题考查结果状语从句。 D 本身为错误项，故排除； C 项中 to 后接动 词原形，排除；A项中so后接形容词，排除； such+名词短语+ that从句表 如 此以至于 。应选 B。课堂稳固练习根据中文意思完成以下英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什麽玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him, jokes

29、he on me.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs Bruce was kind to her students they her theirmother.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance we try ourbest.4. 你一到上海就给我打个 好吗？Will you please call me you get to Shanghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes

30、 playing the piano she has keptpracticing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 , she kept on learning English by herself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist .8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 如果人人为保护环境做出奉献，世界将会变得更美好。 to protecting the envir

31、onment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didn't come to school .Key ： 1. no matter what; plays 2.so; that; regarded; as 3. as long as 4. as long as5. so much that 6. Though she was busy 7. when he grows up 8.Whether it ' s9. If everyone makes a contributio

32、n 10. because he was illB组单项选择：( )1. we gave him something to eat, he would save it up for his little sister.A. WhateverB. HoweverC. WheneverD. Whichever( )2. Hard-working though he was, there was never enough money to pay thebills.A. /B. AndC. butD. therefore( )3. Much hard he tried ， he flailed to

33、 catch up with the first runner.A. althoughB. AsC. whileD. when( )4. I got in touch with Charles I received his letter.A. when immediately B. SoonC. immediately D. suddenly( ) 5. We were just calling you up you came in.A. about; whenB. on the point of; whileC. on the point of; whenD. on the point of

34、; as( )6. Most of his great novels and plays were not published or known to the public his tragic (悲剧 ) death in 1786.A. even beforeB. ever sinceC. until afterD. untilbefore( )7. Mr. Saddam Hussein had to go with the American soldiers, .A. no matter he likes or notB. no matter he should like it or n

35、otC. no matter whether he likes or notD. no matter he may like it or not( ) 8. , I have to put it away and focus ( 集中 )my attention on study this week.A. However the story is amusingB. No matter amusing the story isC. However amusing the story isD. No matter how the story isamusing( ) 9. Most animal

36、s have little connection with animals of a different kind, theyhunt them for food.A. ifB. WhileC. unless D. as( )10. he thought he was helping us with the work, he was actually in theway.A. Although B. UnlessC. BecauseD. When( )11. Babies sleep l6 to l8 hours in every 24 hours, and they sleep less t

37、heygrow older.A. while B. as C. when D. after( )12. I have been keeping the portrait I can see it every day, as it alwaysreminds me of my childhood in Paris.A. since B. Where C. as D. if ( )13. your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can beavoided.A. Having checkedB. CheckC. If you checkD

38、. To check( )14. I would never speak to someone like that they said somethingunpleasant to me.A. even ifB. so thatC. as if D. ever since( )15. Did you remember to return the book to our English teacher? Yes. I gave it to him I saw him.A. onceB. whileC. ifD. the moment( )16. A warning news report fro

39、m Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are they leave the Arabworld forever.A. even though B. in caseC. wheneverD. until( ) 17. May I go now? you've finished your work, you may go.A. AfterB. Although C. Now thatD. As soon as( )18. " I live ther

40、e are plenty of sheep." said the boy pride.A. Where; with B. When; in C. That; in D. Why; with( )19. He seemed to have been asleep, so I said nothing, but sat he would seeme waking.A. whether; whenB. that；whenC. which ；whereD. where；when)20. It will be five yearswe meet again.A. sinceB. UntilC.

41、 beforeD. when)21. Never lose heartdifficulty you may meet with.A. whatB. whatever C. howD. however) 22.we are allowed, we can' t drink any beer.A. As long as; to do B. If; toC. Unless; toD. Oncondition that; doing so( )23. You can still find bones of the birds they used to live.A. in whichB. in

42、 the place C. where D. that( )24. How can they learn anything they spend all their spare time watchingTV?D. butt agree that they cannot be solvedD. UnlessA. whereB. whenC. while( )25. I admit that there are problems, I donA. WhileB. IfC. As答案与思路分析：1. A.因为gave后面已经有表示物的直接宾语了， 排除代词A、C、和D0however 意为无论如何

43、 whenever意为每当，根据句意，只有选 C,意义才通。Hard-working though2. A. 因为前面已经连词 though 了，所以不再需要连词了he was=Although he was hard-working 。3. B. 因为 as 引导让步状语从句，要求将从句的表语或状语等放到句首。而 although, while 表示让步时，都用正常语序；另外， though 引导的让步状语从句， 其表语或状语等可提前也可不提前。4. C. 因为 immediately, instantly, directly 和 the moment, the instant, the m

44、inute 等 都可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as。5. C. 因为表示 “正要做某事时，突然又发生另一件事 的句型是： was /were justabout to do sth. when或iWas /were just on the point of doing sth. whendid 6. C.因为notuntil直到才，再接before语意上不通，要用 after。7. C.因为no matter后一定要接疑问词或 whether。8. C.引导状语从句时no matter how二however，其后接形容词或副词，只有C正确。9. C. unless

45、除非“、如果不 。句意是：大多数动物与其它不同种类的动物都没 有什么联系，除非是把它们猎为食物。10. A. 句意是：虽然他认为他在帮我们做工，但事实上他是在挡事。11. B. 表示主、从句的谓语动词同时变化的 “随着只能用 as。12. B.因为keep the portrait 把照片放在后面一定是指所放的 地方了，所 以用 where 在的地方 引导一个地点状语从句。13. C.因为非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，mistakes不能check，排除A和D;假设用B，那么前后是两个句子，又无连词，排除B。14. A.只有先A，前后意义才通：even if即使、纵然；so that为了

46、、以便；as if. 好象；ever since从那时到现在。15. D.因为the moment可作连词，与 as soon as相当。16. D. until 直到与肯定句连用，引出的时间是主句谓语动词结束的时间。even though即使；in case以防万一； whenever每当、无论何时。17. C. 因为 now that =since 既“然 。18. A. 因为 with pride 骄傲地 是固定短语； where 在的地方 引导一个地 点状语从句，19. D. 由 where 引导一个地点状语从句，表示坐 sat 的地方；后面是带有连 词的现在分词作时间状语， when

47、 waking=when he woke。20. C.因为It will be +时间段+ before 是固定句式，意为 过之后才句 意是：要过五年之后，我们才会再次见面。21. B. 因为 whatever = no matter what 引导一个让步状语从句，并作 difficulty 的定语。句意是：你无论遇到什么困难，也决不要灰心丧气。22. C. 句意是：如果不允许我们喝啤酒，我们就不能喝。23. C.因为无先行词，不是定语从句，而是由where引导的一个地点状语从句。 句意是：在它们过去居住的地方，你仍然可以找到鸟的骨头。24. B. 题中 when=since 既然。 句意是

48、：既然他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电 视了，他们还能学到什么呢？25. A. 因为 while 可以表示让步，与 although 相当，意为 “虽然。能力提升A组阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出最正确选项。My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his lifewas _J_in hosp

49、ital. By the time he was eight, you would n't know he has a problem whe n you saw him 2 .Children in our neighborhood always ran around _3_ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, _4. We n ever told him that he probably would n't be _5_ to run like the other childre n. So he did n&

50、#39;t know.In _6_ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, _7_ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the _8. We did n't tell him he probably would n ever make the team, so he did n't know.He ran four to five m

51、ile every day - even when he had a fever. I was_9_ , so Iwent to 10 him after school. I found him running 11. I asked him how he felt.“ Okay, he said. He has two more mseto go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept 12 .Two weeks later, the n ames of the team 13 were caked. Joey was nu mber six on th

52、e list. Joey had 14 the team. He was in seve nth grade - the other six team members were all eighth graders. We n ever told him he could n't do itso he did n't know. Hejust 15 it.()1. A. spe ntB. take nC. costD. paid()2. A. talkB. sitC. studyD. walk()3. A. afterB. beforeC. dur ingD. till()4.

53、 A. eitherB. tooC. thoughD. yet()5. A. ableB. sorryC. gladD. afraid()6. A. sixthB. seve nthC. eighthD. ninth()7. A. soB. ifC. thenD. because()8. A. n eighborhoodB. familyC. schoolD. grade()9. A. excitedB. tiredC. pleasedD. worried()10. A. think aboutB. hear fromC. agree withD. look for()11. A. alo n

54、eB. awayC. almostD. already()12. A. rid ingB. walki ngC. playi ngD. running()13. A. jumpersB. runnersC. doctorsD. teachersD. foundC. made( )14. A. got B. kept ( )15. A. did B. had C. left D. tookKeys： 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. D 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. DB组阅读文章，选择最正确答案(A)Un

55、i ess we spe nd money to spot 认出，发现)and preve nt asteroids(小、行星)now, one might crash into Earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.Asteroids are bigger versions of the meteoroids(流星体)that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from Earth and don'tthreaten us. But ther

56、e are aiso thousands of asteroids whose orbits put them on a coiiision course with Earth.But $500 miiiion worth of new teiescopes right now, then spend $10 miiiion a year for the next 25 years to iocate most of the space rocks. By the time we spot a fatai one, the scientists say, we' ii have a way to change its course.Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are