高中英语常见单词的重要词义

1、中学英语常见单词的重要词义1. absorb vt.吸引（注意力、精力等）The book absorbed his attention.Running the workshop absorbs all his energies.2. address vt. 向.讲话（尤指演讲） President Fidel Castro of Cuba addressed the United Nations. 称呼 The judge should be addressed as Your Honour. 设法解决，处理 He addressed himself to the main difficul

2、ty.3. adjust vt调整； 校准 I must adjust my watch; its slow. The desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child.4. afford vt 承担得起（后果） We cannot afford to ignore this warning. We cannot afford any more delays.5. against prep.（表示位置关系）靠着，顶着，迎着，衬着 A little tree stood against the wall. She could h

3、ear the rain pattering against the window. The kite is flying high against the wind. The picture looks good against the white wall.6. age vi变老；老化 After his wifes death he aged quickly.7. air vt抒发，发表，倾诉 Dont air your troubles too often. He ran on, airing his own views about the case. n.感觉；印象；神态The ro

4、om had an air of luxury.She looked at him with a defiant air.8. alive adj.有活力的， 有生机的 My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people.9. allow vt给予，让有 Allow me one minute in which to change my costume. My wife allows me $ 100 a year for clothes.10. alone adv只有，仅仅(放在有关名词、代词后面) The shoes alone

5、cost me $200.11. anger vt使生气，使气愤 The injustice of this angered him.12. announce vt预示 Gathering clouds announced the oncoming storm.13. appetite n爱好 At the moment he had no appetite for work.14. around adj.走红的；活跃的 Shes been around as a film director since the 1980s.15. article n物件，物品 articles of clot

6、hesThe articles found in the car helped the police to identify the body.16. available 有效的；有空的；空闲的The tickets are available for one month.Im sorry. The manager is not available now.17. average adj.中等的，适中的 He is a student of average intelligence.18. back vt支持 Many of his friends backed his plan. The U

7、nion leader decided to back the government in its action.19. bar n.条，块；栏杆；vt 阻挡；阻止 A bar of chocolate/soap All the ground floor windows were fitted with bars. We found our way barred by rocks. The players are barred from drinking alcohol the night before a match.20. beat vt (鸟翼)扑动 The bird beat its

8、wings rapidly as it flew on n节拍，拍子 The music had the familiar beat of a waltz.21. being n. 生物 A strange being from another planet22. bend vt把心思集中到 n. 弯道 He couldnt bend his mind to his studies. Blake faded on the final bend.23. better vt 改善，改进，提高 He is ready to do anything on earth to better their f

9、ortunes.24. blue adj.犹豫的，愁闷的 Hed been feeling blue all week.25. board n. 董事会；理事会 She has a seat on the board of the directors.vi 付费（ 在某人家里）膳宿 She always had one or two students boarding with her.26. boss vt负责（某事）， 把持 Who is bossing this job?27. bother vt 花费时间/精力（做某事） He didnt even bother to let me k

10、now he was coming.28. bridge vt 消除，弥补 How could they bridge the gap between the rich and the poor in the country?29. can n.金属罐，vt把（食品）装罐保存 In this factory they can fish to be sent abroad.30. cause n. 事业，目标，思想Animal welfare campaigners raised $70 000 for their cause last year.31. chair vt 主持（会议） Will

11、 you chair the meeting or shall I ?32. circle n （相同兴趣、职业等的人形成的）圈子，阶层，界 Shes well known in theatrical circles. A large/wide circle of friends33. clean adv. 彻底地，完全地 I clean forgot about calling him.34. clear vt/vi (使)变清醒，变清晰 As her mind cleared, she remembered what had happened.35. coach vt 训练， 培养， 指导

12、 She has coached hundreds of young singers.36. comb 仔细搜索，搜寻 I combed the shops looking for something to wear.37. contract vt 感染（疾病）；得（病） To contract Aids/ a virus/ a disease38. count vi 重要 Every point in this game counts.39. course n ( 船或飞机的)航向；航线 He radioed the pilot to change the course.40. cover

13、vt足以支付；够付; 包括；涉及 $ 100 should cover your expenses.The survey covers all aspects of the business.41. cross adj. 恼怒的； 生气的 I was cross with him for being late.42. cut n伤口 Blood poured from the deep cut on his arm.43. date n 异性约会 Ive got a date with Lucy tomorrow night.44. deal n 协议；交易 We did a deal wit

14、h the management on the overtime. I got a good deal on the car.45. defend vt 辩解，辩白 Politicians are skilled at defending themselves against their critics.How can you defend such behaviors?46. deliver vt发表演说 She is due to deliver a lecture on genetic engineering.47. determine vt 查明； 决定；断定 We set out t

15、o determine exactly what happened that night. Upbringing plays an important part in determining a persons character.48. develop vt 患（病）；出现问题 Her son developed asthma (哮喘) when he was two.49. divide vt 引起分歧 The government is divided on this issue.50. do vi 适合；足够 These shoes wont do for the party. Can

16、 you lend me some money? Surewill $20 do?51. down adj. 悲哀；沮丧；情绪低落 I feel a bit down today.52. draw 拉（窗帘、帘子）；吸引；领取，支取; 推断出 The blinds were drawn. The movie is drawing large audiences. Can I draw $80 out of my account? We can draw some lessons for the future from this accident.53. drive vt （用力） 击；打；敲；

17、推 To drive a nail into a piece of wood54. due adj. 应支付的；应给予的；适当的 Have they been paid money that is due to them? He was charged with driving without due care and attention.55. employ vt. 使用；利用 The police had to employ force to enter the building.56. empty adj. 空虚的；无意义的； 无目的的 Three months after his de

18、ath, she still felt empty.57. equal adj. 能胜任的；能应付的 I hope that he proves equal to the challenge.58. escape vt 被忘掉；被忽视Her name escaped me.It might have escaped your notice, but Im very busy at the moment.59. even adj. (数量、速度等)变化不大的，均匀的；相等的、均等的 an even temperature all year the even distribution of foo

19、d60. event n. (体育运动的)比赛项目 The 800 metres is the fourth event of the afternoon.61. eye vt. 注视；审视；细看 He couldnt help eyeing the cakes hungrily.62. fair n.集市；商品交易会；展销会 The country/state fair A craft/a book/an antique fair63. false adj. 假的；伪造的 A false passport64. fine n.罚金； vt处以罚金 A parking fine She was

20、 fined for speeding.65. fix vt确定，决定（约会、时间、数量）；安排，组织 Has the date of the next meeting been fixed? You have to fix visits up in advance with the museum.66. flood vi 大量涌入；蜂拥而出 Telephone calls came flooding in from all over the country.67. forward vt.发送，寄 (商品或信息); 转寄，转投 We will be forwarding you our new

21、 catalogue next week. Could you forward any mail to us in New York?68. free adj. 没有的；不受影响或伤害的 It was several weeks before he was free from pain.Free from difficulty/doubt/fear69. fresh adj. 新近的；新的，不同的；淡的，无盐的 Let me write down while it is still fresh in my mind. Fresh evidence There is a shortage of

22、fresh water on the island.70. frequent vt 常去，常到 We met in a local bar much frequented by students.71. further vt. 促进；增进 She took the new job to further her career.72. gain vt.增加；增长；（钟表）走得快 To gain confidence/strength/experience Ive gained weight recently. My watch gains two minutes every 24 hours.73

23、. grade vt. 给评分；分等级， 分类 I spent all weekend grading papers. Eggs are graded from small to extra large.74. grasp vt 理解,领会,明白; 抓住（机会） They failed to grasp the importance of words. I grasped the opportunity to work abroad.75. ground n. 充分的理由；根据 You have no ground for complaint. The case was dismissed o

24、n the ground that there was not enough evidence.76. guide vt 指导，影响（某人的行为） He was always guided by his religious beliefs. 77. head vt. 领导；主管 She has been appointed to head the research team.78. hit vt 到达（某地）；到达（某水平）；突然意识到 Follow this footpath and youll eventually hit this road. The euro hit a record

25、low in trading today.I couldnt remember where Id seen him before, and then it suddenly hit me. n. 很受欢迎的人（或事物） Her new series is a real hit.79. hold vt. 容纳；担任；怀有(观念、意见) The plane holds about 300 passengers. How long has he held office? He holds strange views on education.80. ill adj. 坏的；不良的；有害的 She s

26、uffered no ill effects from the experience.81. inch vi （朝某方向）谨慎移动 He inched her way through the narrow passage.82. inform 对有影响 Religion informs every aspect of their lives83. invite vt 招致（尤指坏事）Such comments are just inviting trouble.84. introduce vt 使初次了解；使尝试 The first lecture introduces students to

27、 the main topics of the course.85. jam vt 使劲（往某处）挤（或压、塞）；塞进；挤满 He jammed his fingers into his ears. We were jammed together like sardines in a can.86. just adj. 公平的；正义的 A just decision/law/society87. keep vt 开设，经营，管理（商店或餐馆）Her father kept a grocers shop.vi (食物) 保持不坏Finish off the pieit wont keep.88.

28、 last adj. （强调）最不可能的；最不适当的 The last thing she needed was more work. Hes the last person Id trust with a secret.89. lead n. （竞赛中的）领先地位; 铅 She took the lead in the second lap. Lead is a heavy soft grey metal.90. lot n.一块地，场地 A parking lot; a vacant lot91. major n.专业课； vi 主修 Her major is French. She ma

29、jored in History at Stanford.92. make vt 成为； 适合 She would have made an excellent teacher. Cold tea makes an excellent drink in summer.93.the masses 群众；平民百姓 The programme brings science to the masses.94. mark vt 给（学生作业）打分，评分I hate marking exam papers. 纪念，庆贺 A ceremony was held to mark the 50th annive

30、rsary. 95. match vt 适应；满足 Investment in hospital is needed to match the future needs of the country.96. matter vi 事关紧要；要紧；有重大影响 The children matters more to her than anything else in the world.97. mean adj. 吝惜的；刻薄的 Shes always been mean with money. Dont be so mean to your little brother.98. meet vt

31、满足；使满意 How can we best meet the needs of all different groups?99. mind vt 当心；注意 Mind that step! Mind your language!100. mine n. 矿；矿井；vi 开矿；采矿 A diamond mineThey were mining for gold.101. modest adj. 些许的；不太大（或太贵的、太重要的） He charged a relatively modest fee. The research was carried out on a modest scale

32、.102. monitor n. 显示器；监视器 The details of todays flight are displayed on the monitor. vt 监视；检查；跟踪调查 Each students progress is closely monitored.103. move n 行动 This latest move by the government has aroused fierce opposition.104. must n 必须做（或看、买等）的事 His new novel is a must for all lovers of crime ficti

33、on.105. narrow adj. 狭隘的；目光短浅的 She has a very narrow view of the world.106. narrowly adv. 勉强地；以毫厘之差 She narrowly escaped injury. The team lost narrowly.107. nature n 天性；本性；性格 She is very sensitive by nature.108. necessarily adv. （用于否定句） not necessarily 不一定；未必 The more expensive articles are not neces

34、sarily better. 109. net adj. 净得的；纯的 A net profit of $ 500110. note n. 特征；口气；调子vt 注意；留意 There was a note of amusement in his voice. Please note that the office will be closed on Monday.111. notice n. 预告； 警告 You must give one months notice. You are welcome to come and stay as long as you give us plent

35、y of notice.112. object n. 宗旨；目的Her sole object in life is to become a travel writer.vi. 不同意；反对Many local people object to the building of the new airport.113. observe vt遵守（规则、法律）；庆祝，庆贺Will the rebels observe the ceasefire?Do they observe Christmas?114. occupy vt 任职；执政 The president occupies the pos

36、ition for four years.115. office n. 要职；重要职务 She held office as a cabinet minister for ten years. The present government took office in1997.116. operate vi （机器）运转；工作 Solar panels can only operate in sunlight.vt. 操作；控制What skills are needed to operate this machinery?117. order n.订货；订购；订单I would like t

37、o place an order for ten copies of this book.118. over prep. 覆盖；在期间； 度过（困难阶段或局面）She put a blanket over the sleeping child.Well discuss it over lunch.Were over the worst of the recession.119. pale vi 逊色Last year riots pale next to this latest outburst of violence.120. passage n. 通道；走廊A dark narrow pa

38、ssage led to the main hall.121. perform vt 履行；执行 She performs an important role in our organization. vi 工作，运转The engine seems to be performing well.The company has been performing poorly over the past year.122. plant n 工厂 A chemical plant, Japanese car plants vt 树立；安放 They planted a flag on the summ

39、it.123. pool vt集中资源（或材料） The students work individually, then pool their ideas in groups of six.124. post n职位；柱子，杆 The company has been unable to fill the post.The teams net was a piece of string tied to two posts.125. pour vi. 涌流；倾斜；迸发；不断涌向 Tears poured down his checks. Letters of complaint continu

40、e to pour in.126. press n. 报刊杂志；新闻记者；新闻界；出版社 The local/national/foreign press The press was not allowed to attend the trial. 127. pretty adv. 颇，相当,十分 Im going to find a new apartment pretty soon.128. programme n.计划，方案；电视节目；程序；教学大纲，课程 To launch a research programmeWhats the programme for tomorrow?129

41、. promise vt. 可能；预示 She promises to be a famous actress. There were dark clouds overhead promising rain.130. pure adj. 完全的；纯粹的They met by pure chance. She laughed with pure joy.131. push vt 督促；施压 Lucy should push herself a little harder. Her parents are very tolerant, but sometimes she pushes them t

42、oo far.132. put vt说，表达 Put simply, we accept their offer or go bankrupt.He was too trustingor, to put it another way, he had no head for business.She had never tried to put her feeling into words.133. radio vi. （用无线电）发送，传送 The officer radioed for help.134. rare adj. 半熟的；半生的Some people like steak coo

43、ked rare.135. reach vt实现；达到目标 Politicians again failed to reach an agreement.(尤指用电话) 联系，与.取得联系 Do you know where I can reach him?136. read vt 懂得；理解 How do you read the present situation?Silence must not always be read as consent.写着；写成是The sign read No Admittance.137. receive vt 对做出反应 The play was we

44、ll received by the critics.接待；欢迎He was received as an honoured guest at the White House.138. recover vt 全额追回；找回 He is unlikely to ever recover his legal costs. The police eventually recovered the stolen paintings.139. remove vt 去除，排除，消除 The news removed any doubts about the companys future.To remove

45、 problems/obstacles/objections140. rest vt/vi （被）支撑；（使）依靠；托 His chain rested on his hands. He rested his chin in his hands.rest on 依靠；依赖；基于 All our hopes now rest on you. The whole argument rests on a false assumption.141. review vt /n （关于书籍、戏剧、电影等的）评论，评价The play was reviewed in the national newspap

46、er.A book review; The reviews in the papers142. ride n (乘车或骑车的)短途旅行；搭便车 Its a ten-minute bus ride from here to town. We managed to get a ride into town when we missed the bus.143. room n可能性，机会He had to be certain. There could be no room for doubt.Theres some room for improvement in your work.144. ru

47、n vt 经营；管理 He has no idea how to run a business. vt 提供，开设（服务、课程）The college runs summer courses for foreign students.vt/vi(使)运转、运行；操作Could you run the engine for minutes?vt/vi(使)伸展，延伸 He had a scar running down his left check.持续；延续Her last musical ran for six months on Broadway.输出、放出（液体）Your nose is

48、 running.The smoke made my eyes run.145. rule vi/vt裁定；判决 The court will rule on legality of the action.The deal may be ruled illegal.146. say vt 提供信息；指示 The notice said Keep out. The clock said three oclock.147. see vt 理解 I didnt think she saw the point of the view. 见证事件Next year sees the centenary

49、of Verdis death.148. sense vt 感觉到；意识到 Sensing danger. They started to run.Lisa sensed that he did not believe her.149. serve vt 对有用；能满足的需要 These experiments serve no useful purpose. How can we best serve the needs of future generations?产生的效果The attack was unsuccessful and served only to alert the en

50、emy.150. shape vt决定的形成；影响的发展 His idea had been shaped by his experiences during the war.She had a leading role in shaping party policy.151. sharp adj. 敏锐的; 灵敏的Dogs have a sharp sense of smell. 尖锐的；尖刻的He was very sharp with me when I was late.152. solid adj. 可靠的；可信赖的As yet, they have no solid evidenc

51、e.His advice was always solid and practical.153. some adv. 大约；差不多 Some thirty people attended the funeral.154. sound adj. 明智的；合理的；正确的 She gave me some very sound advice.透彻的；完备的；全面的He has a sound understanding of the issue.完好的；无损伤的We arrived home safe and sound.(睡眠)酣畅的 to have a sound nights sleep.15

52、5. spring (sprang, sprung) vi跳；跃；蹦 He turned off the alarm and sprang out of bed.156. stand 处于（某种状态或情形） The house stood empty for a long time.达特定水平（或数量、高度等）The world record then stood at 6.59 meters.持某种态度，有某一观点 Where do you stand on private education?n. 货摊；售货亭；看台 A newspaper stand We had seats in th

53、e east stand.157. station vt 派驻；使驻扎 Troops were stationed abroad in many countries.158. strike vt.突然想到；一下子想起An awful idea has just struck me.It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.159. succeed vt 接替；继任；随后出现 Who succeeded Kennedy as President?160. suit n.诉讼His divorce suit was brought to the court.161. tape n. 胶带；胶条The sticky tape is not allowed in the exam.162. tell vt知道；看出；确切地判断 I could tell that he was very angry f