人教版八年级上册unit3知识点讲解

1、 第三讲 unit 3 im more out going than my sister一 重要短语1. singing competition 歌唱比赛2. the one with short hair 头发较短的那个人3. be fantastic 好极了4. jump high 跳得高5. run fast 跑的快6. as long as 只要，既然7. be different from 与.不同8. bring out 使显现，使表现出9. the same as 和.相同10. in fact 实际上11. be similar to 与.相像的12. primary scho

2、ol 小学13. care bout关心二 句型1. tina is more out going than tara. tina要比tara外向些。2. tara works as hard as tina. tina和tara工作一样努力。3. lisa sang better than nelly. lisa 比nelly唱的好一些。4. but you can tell that lisa practiced a lot more and really want to win . 但是你知道lisa 练习得更多，她真的想赢得比赛的胜利。5. the most important thi

3、ng is to learn something and have fun.最重要的是能学有所得，乐在其中。6.i think friends are like booksyou dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. 我认为朋友就像书籍。你要不需要太多，只要他们足够好。6. i dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我真的不在意朋友是否和我相同或是有所不同。7. a good friend is like a mirror. 好朋友就像镜子一样。三考

4、点精讲1、hard-working adj 工作努力的，辛勤的 hard-workingadj my mother is hard-working.我妈妈工作努力。work hard v+advhe works hard in science.他努力学习科学。he works hard to be a hard-working student. 他为了成为一名努力的学生而努力学习。2.as.as 和.一样 as +adj/adv +as eg. this room is as big as that one.这个房间和那个房间一样大。tom runs as fast as his brothe

5、r. tom跑的和她弟弟一样快。例题 listening is just as_ as speaking in language learning.(上海) a important b more important c most important d the most important 3.singing competition 歌唱比赛 英语中，动词-ing形式可以充当前置定语修饰后面的名词。拓展：动名词修饰名词的短语：swimming pool 游泳池shopping list购物篮reading room 阅览室walking stick拐杖changing room更衣室dress

6、ing room梳妆台4.tell v 一词多义告诉please tell me about it.you should tell him the truth.讲述mary likes telling jokes. 玛丽喜欢讲笑话。吩咐；命令the policeman told the driver to move his car.辨别；区分can you tell me the differences between the two pictures?5. win v赢得现在分词 winning ， 过去式和过去分词均为won. which team won?哪个队赢了？ 辨析win和bea

7、twin过去式 won 意为“赢，获胜”通常和“game，war，match，prize等之类的名词作宾语，即win sth。beat 过去式 beat意为“击败；胜过，后跟表示与之比赛、战斗的人或代表群体的名词，即beat sb.1）they won the game yesterday.他们昨天赢得了那场比赛。2）zhang yi ning won a gold medal in the womens singles.张怡宁赢得了女子单打金牌。3 we beat them and won the game. 我们打败他们赢得了比赛。例题 he always _ the match when

8、 we play ping-pong. a beat b win c beats d wins 4,talented adj 有才能的，有才干的=gifted be talented in.在.有天赋be talented in sth/doing sth 在.有天赋eg mozart was talented in music. 莫扎特有音乐的天赋。同意词 gifted adj 有天赋的 she is a gifted violinist. 她是位有天赋的小提琴手。拓展二 talent n 天赋have a talent for.有天赋， 才能eg. the woman has a tale

9、nt for cooking.4.truly adv 真正，确实eg its truly a memorable occasion. 这确实是一件值得纪念的盛事。trueadj 真实的eg it is a true story.真实的故事。truthn 真相eg please tell me the truth.trulyadv 由衷地，真诚的eg he truly loves his children. 他由衷地爱着他的孩子们。5. care about 关心eg do you care about your future?你关心自己的未来吗？vcare about 关心；在意he does

10、nt care about the news.他对这条新闻不关心。care for喜欢，愿意would you care for a cup of coffee?你愿意喝咖啡吗？take care 小心he is old enough to take care of himself.他长大了，能自己照顾自己了。take care of 照顾，照顾linda takes good care of her younger brother.linda很好地照顾她弟弟。7. make v 做，制做，迫使1）look！ they are making paper boats.看！他们在做纸船。 2） m

11、y father made a plane for me yesterday.昨天爸爸给我做了个飞机模型。make 是使役动词，意为“使” 后接省略to的不定式做宾语补足语，即make sb do sth.eg how did he make the baby stop crying? 他怎么让宝宝停止哭泣的？her joke make us laugh.他的笑话让我们大笑例题 the boy made faces_ his classmates_. a make, laugh b to make, laugh c make, to laugh d to make, to laugh拓展： 常

12、接动词原形的使役动词let sb do sth 让.做.eg let me have a try.让我试一试。have sb do sth让某人干某事eg he had me give him a help他让我帮个忙。make+宾语+形容词eg the bad news make me sad.这个坏消息让我很伤心。 = the bad news make me feel sad.这个坏消息让我感到很伤心。拓展 make短语make money挣钱make friends 交朋友make a mistake 犯错误make the bed 整理床铺make faces 做鬼脸make fir

13、e 生火make a plan 制定计划make a team 组建一支队伍典例 i _ a mistake .he is angry with me. a make b made c will make d had made8.laugh v 笑， 发笑 eg he laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑到最后，笑得最好。拓展 laugh at 嘲笑 eg dont laugh at others. 别嘲笑他人。8. the same as 和.一样 the same as 和be different from的区别the same as 和.一样i dont lik

14、e to do the same things as her.我不想和她做一样的事。my hairstyle is the same as hers. 我的发型和她的发型一样。be different from 与.不同my hobbies are different from lucys.我的爱好和lucy的不同。拓展：the same to you! 你也一样！ happy new year! 新年快乐！ the same to you! 你也一样！例题 through lily and lucy are twins, they look _ each other. a the same

15、as b the same c different from d different 9. both adv 两个，两个都 adj 置于被修饰的名词前both students like english.两个学生都喜欢英语。 adv1） 主语后，实义动词前。 2） be 动词之后 they both like english.they are both chinese. 他俩都是中国人。prepboth of .both of them are chinese.他俩是中国人。-which of the two english dictionaries will you buy?-i will

16、buy _of them, so i can give one to my friends, helen a either b neither c all d bothboth 与all的区别both两者都both plans are good.两个计划都很好。 all 三者或三者以上都all teachers like to go there.所有的老师都喜欢去那儿。sam looks like his dad. they are _ tall. a either b any c all d both10. serious adj 严肃的、稳重的eg mr smith is a seriou

17、s man. smith是 个严肃的人。who is more serious, sam or tom? seriously adv 认真地，严肃地eg you take work seriously. 你工作真认真。11.reach for 伸手去拿eg he reached over for the last cake. 他伸手过来拿最后一块蛋糕。 辨析 reach/ get to / arrive in /at reach +地点 i reached beijing last night.get to+地点i got to beijing last night. arrive in+大地

18、点 arrive at +小地点i arrived in beijing last night.i arrived at beijing airport last night.12.break v 使.破坏 break - breaksbreaking-broke- broken v原 三单 现在分词 过去式 过去分词.eg the plate broke into pieces when it fell on the floor. break +身体部位 弄破， 弄断eg. he fell down and broke his left leg. 他跌倒摔断了左腿。-why isnt tom

19、 here today?-he _ his arm yesterday, and now he is in the hospital. a break b breaks c broken d broken 13. share v 分享，共用， 分摊 share-sharing- shared-shared拓展 ：share .with sb 与某人分享eg my friends share their happiness and sadness with me.14. loud adj 响亮的，大声的loudadj 大声的 ，响亮的the music is too loud.loudlyadv

20、 大声地，响亮地he always speaks loudly.15. information n 信息，消息information 为不可数名词 ， 一则消息“ a piece of information” they got much _on the internet. a photo b idea c message d information 语法专讲 形容词、副词比较级1、 变化形式1.规则变化：1) 加er, est: great- greater , small- smaller , clean-cleaner , fast-faster , long-longerthe bus

21、 runs fast.the car runs faster than the bus.the racing car runs fastest of the three.2) 以e结尾的直接加r: late-later, fine-finer, nice-nicer, wide-wider, large-largertom goes to school late.-jim goes to school later than jim.-kate goes to school latest in her class.3) 辅音字母加y结尾的, 把y变i加er, est: busy-busier,

22、easy-easier, funny-funnier, heavy-heaviermr monkey is busy-mr duck is busier than mr monkey.-mr cat is the busiest of all the animals.4) 元音加辅音结尾的，双写辅音字母加er, est: sad-sadder, hot-hotter, big-bigger, red-redder, fat-fatter, thin-thinnerlily is sad-lucy is sadder than lily.-kate is the saddest in the f

23、amily.5) 其他多音节词在前面加more, the most: beautiful-more beautiful, careful-more careful, difficult-more difficult , delicious-more delicious , tired-more tired, pleased-more pleasedwhich is the most important invention?i think tv is important, i think fridge is more important than tv.-i think computer is

24、the most important invention.6) 有些形容词没有比较级:right, wrong, favorite7) 比较级用much, a little修饰，最高级用of, in2. 不规则变化：good-better-best;bad-worse-worst;much/many-more-most;little-less-least;old-older/elder;faras.as/not so .as/not as.asthis building looks not so (as) high as that onemssun speaks english as flue

25、ntly as youthis room is three times as large as that one.二、比较级的用法1. 双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级十 than”的结构表示例如： this pen is better than that one.2. 表示一方不及另一方时，用“ less十原级十 than”的结构表示例如： this room is less beautiful than that one3. 表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较前加表示程度的状语，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，

26、by far等修饰例如： he works even harder than before注意：英语的比较级前如无 even，still，或 yet等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“一些”或不译出，一般不可用“更”，如： she is better than she was yesterday她比昨天好些了 please come earlier tomorrow 请明天早点来注意：by far通常用于强调最高级用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“ the”如 he is taller by far than his brother. he is by far the t

27、aller of the two brothers.4. 表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“ the 十比较级(主语十谓语)，the 十比较级(主语十谓语)”的结构例如：the harder he works，the happier he feels5. 不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级十 and十比较级”的结构例如： the weather is getting warmer and warmer. the girl becomes more and more beautiful6. 在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用 that(those)，one(ones)代替前面

28、出现的名词。 that指物，one既可指人，也可指物that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词.例如： the book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk. a box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood7. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：a) a is three(four，ete) times the size(height，length，width，ete) of b例如； the new building is four time

29、s the size( the height) of the old one这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍高三倍)b) a is three(four，etc) times as big(high，long，wide，etc) as b例如： asia is four times as lareg as europe，亚洲是欧洲的四倍大(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)c) a is three(four，etc) times bigger ( higher，longer，wider，etc) than b 例如：your school is three times big

30、ger than ours， 你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大) 用 times表示倍数，一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数表示两倍可以用 twice或 double三、最高级的用法1. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“ the十最高级”的结构表示这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语例如： zhang hua is the tallest of the three he works (the) hardest in his class.2. 最高级可被序数词以及 much，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not q

31、uite，not really，nothing like等词语所修饰. 例如： this hat is by farmuchnearlyalmostnot nearlyby no means/not quitenothing like the biggest how much did the second most expensive hat coat?3. 表示“最高程度”的形容词，如 excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级4. 形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略 he is the tallest(boy) in h

32、is class5. 作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词例如 0f all the boys he came(the) earliestunit 3 针对性训练一、 写出下列单词的比较级 1.short-_ 2. smart-_ 3.funny-_ 4. friendly-_ 5. lazy-_6.good-_ 7.loudly-_ 8.guiet-_ 9.clearly-_ 10.hardworking-_二、单项选择1.lucy has more friends than lily_ a is b have c was d does2.its a nice day,_ a isnt it

33、b is it c wasnt it d was it3. toms clothes are shorter than_ a me b i c my d mine4.is lilei as _as lin tao? a more outgoing b outgoing c taller d older 5.this pen isnt _cheap _that one. a as, so b so, as c the same, as d so, so 6. i think tom can _ the first prize. a win b beat c won d winning 7.-do you think mobile phones