会计英语chapter5 Adjusting Accounts and Preparing Financial Statements

1、Chapter 5 Adjusting Accounts and Preparing Financial Statements账项调整与财务报表编制Key WordslAccounting period 会计期间lAccrual basis accounting 权责发生制会计lAccrued expenses 预提费用lAccrued revenues 应计收益lAdjusted trial balance 调整后的试算平衡表lAdjusting entry 调整分录lAnnual financial statements 年度财务报表lBook value 账面价值lCash basis

2、accounting 收付实现制会计 Key WordslContra account 备抵账户lDepreciation 折旧lFiscal year 会计年度lInterim financial statements 中期财务报表lMatching principle 配比原则lNatural business year 自然营业年度lPlant assets 厂房设备资产lPrepaid expense 待摊费用Key WordslStraight-line depreciation method 直线折旧法lTime period assumption 会计分期假设lUnadjuste

3、d trial balance 调整前的试算平衡表lUnearned revenues 预收账款1 Timing and Reporting 会计分期与会计报告会计分期与会计报告1.1 The accounting period 会计期间lUseful information must reach decision makers frequently and promptly. 有用的信息必须能够频繁、及时地送到决策者的手中。lTo provide timely information, accounting systems prepare reports at regular interva

4、ls. 为了能够及时提供信息，会计系统需要定期编制报表。lThe time period assumption presumes that an organizations activities can be divided into specific time periods. 会计分期假设是假设会计主体的活动可以划分成特定的期间。lAnnual financial statements 年度财务报表 Interim financial statements 中期财务报表Reporting periodlCalendar year or natural business year? 日历年度

5、或自然营业年度lCompanies with little seasonal variation： 不存在太大季节性差异的企业 Companies experiencing seasonal variation： 存在较大季节性差异的企业lBUT, in China, we must use calendar year reporting. 1.2 Accrual Basis VS Cash Basis 权责发生制和收付实现制权责发生制和收付实现制lAccrual basis accounting Income is counted when the sale occurs, and expenses are counted when you receive the goods or services, regardless of when the cash for them is actually received or paid. 在权责发生制下，收入与费用应在实际发生发生影响影响的期间确认，而不是在其发生现金收付的期间确认。Cash basis accountinglCash basis accounting recognizes revenue