清教徒主义对物质文明精神文明的影响

1、Puritanisms guidance on the material and spiritual civilization progressIntroductionPuritanism has an important influence on the American history and it affects almost every aspects of its society. In the early American, it promoted the individual emancipation, contributed to the establishment of a

2、modern labor, occupational and wealth view and outlined future national goal. All these laid the foundation to the values of the American mainstream culture and built America's national character. At the same time, Puritanism is of significance in guiding the material and ideological progress in

3、 our society.Material and spiritual civilization play important roles in the development of the society. Material civilization is the starting point of the existence and development of our society and it is the foundation and premise of spiritual civilization. Spiritual civilization is the ideologic

4、al guarantees of the material civilization and it provides the motivation to the development of the material civilization. Puritanism reveals the relationship of material and spiritual civilization. “The essence of the Puritan spirit can be concluded by one sentence said by John Wesley who is a famo

5、us Puritan evangelist in 18th century in America, Desperately to make money, desperately to save money and desperately to donate money.”Desperately to make and save money shows their ideas of advocating asceticism, frugality and encouraging investment on the social production. Desperately to donate

6、money shows their advocates of paying attention to the feedback to the society. Not only should they earn money from the society but also should contribution to the society. Their ideas of making money are important for us to development material civilization. Besides, in the commercial activity, th

7、ey obey the standards of honesty, integrity, responsibility and etc. They also think highly of education and all these are of important in guiding the construction of spiritual and material civilization. Asceticism in PuritanismThe principal symbol of the Puritan spirits was the asceticism. In the p

8、rocess of religious reform, the red tape, and corruption and luxurious were reformed by Puritans. In personal life, Puritans fought against corruption and waste and prohibited people from indulging in pleasure. As for their work and management control, they encouraged people to valued the time and c

9、apital limited the overconsumption. They put economy in the first place. However, they used the saved the property to invest and expand the reproduction.1.1 The Interpretation to asceticismIn Puritans opinion, any unrestrained enjoyment of life would drive people to abandon their duties fall into po

10、verty. It was asceticism that accumulated wealth, not greed. And the carnal desire was also prohibited seriously. In their views, the most valuable thing was that they combined asceticism with gaining profits. They tried their best to make money; on the other hand, they limited consumption. In this

11、way, it promoted the increase of social wealth and expanded the reproduction. It looked very harsh in some degree, but indeed it was the spiritual demands of the people in the entrepreneurial stage, even it was the spiritual factors in the very beginning of Capitalist Development.1.2. The guidance o

12、f Asceticism on the material and spiritual civilization progress Nowadays, material and ideological progress become the serious problem in China's modernization construction. Puritan asceticism was just statement of material and spiritual civilization. It was of significance in guiding the mater

13、ial and ideological progress in Commercial activities. In the commercial activities, Puritan asceticism was very important. It is fault to pursue the wealth only, but not pay attention to the spiritual civilization. In business, businessmen should value the time and capital, but limited the overcons

14、umption. And use the saved the property to invest and expand the reproduction. Creativity in commercial activities is of importance. Technology innovation and system innovation can bring more material. Only in this way, can it make material and spiritual civilization progress at the same time. In mo

15、dern society, Chinas economy develops rapidly. On the other hand, under the development, there was expansion of desire, the corruption and waste. Some officials indulged in pleasure and debauchery. When they got the power, affected by the desire, they expected to satisfy their wealth desire. They ju

16、st got to enjoy high-level material, but not paid attention to the spiritual civilization.The university students' innovative undertakings become hot topics. “Pioneering-work is hard because the venture period is not only poor and blank, all need to start from the very beginning, but also must b

17、e sacrificed present interests and pleasures.” So in the entrepreneurial stage, it is necessary to keep asceticism. It can save more money to expand the production. Spiritual civilization provided the motivation to the development of the material civilization. The creativity in Puritan spirit is als

18、o the guidance to the Pioneering-work. More and more people pay much attention to the creativity now. Creativity becomes the source of the wealth. No Creativity, no fortune. In the entrepreneurial stage, enterprise and employees must fight against all sorts of desire strictly. Although the desires c

19、an bring psychological happy, but they are all the pleasures of sin. Only material civilization cannot create material. However, Puritan asceticism also has its limitations. If one person has no desire, there will be no power to advance. If one don't know what they want, how to go forward? So th

20、e excessive asceticism cannot be advocated. As for the consumption. In some degree, consumption is the power of reproduction. It is very important in the process of reproduction. So it is necessary to limit the excessive consumption, but moderate consumption is good for society to improve. Puritan a

21、sceticism has the important instruction meaning to the modern society. It reveals the importance of material and spiritual civilization. Use the asceticism appropriately can promote the development of the society. . Professional Ethics in PuritanismIn Puritan spirits, the Puritans have a good profes

22、sional ethics. “They advocate business and industrial activities. The Puritans behave honestly, and they keep their promise in the business. They even treasure reputation, and they do not cheat others. At the same time, the Puritans not only seek for profits, but also have a social feedback consciou

23、sness. They take the social responsibility, and support social justice. Whats more, they make a great contribution to the huge public undertakings.”(1) 2.1. The overall statement of professional ethics There are some behaviors, the following will introduce in details. On the one hand, they are hones

24、t in business. For example, they dont gain much profit illegally. When the social lacks of some products, the Puritan businessmen dont force up the prices. In fact, they sell products at a normal price, and they sell products legally. They even dont sell seconds at best quality prices. In other resp

25、ect, the Puritans pay attention to develop public undertakings. A famous Puritan evangelist John Wesley made a brief comment on Puritanism. He thought the Puritans spirits was:“Desperately to make money, desperately to save money and desperately to donate money.” Those words reflect real Puritans sp

26、irits. The last sentence is more important, without which the Puritans spirits cant make a whole. Even though you must chase the interest, there is a high goal. The goal is to have love towards human beings and the society. The Puritans donate their money to the social, which is used to develop publ

27、ic undertakings. The Puritans have deeply religious pilgrims, and they are willing to give money to the church. This behavior does well to the development of the church. 2.2. The influence of the professional ethics on the material and spiritual civilization progressThe Puritan spirits make an impor

28、tant influence on the society, and professional ethics is even important. Deeply, the professional ethics have a good effect on material and spiritual civilization.The businessmen who are Puritan behave well in business. They are honest and keep their words. They have a high reputation in business w

29、orld. They set a good example for businessmen. Besides, Puritans take the social responsibility and make a great contribution to the huge public undertakings. Those good professional ethics belongs to spiritual civilization, which is also good for spiritual civilization construction. Whats more, spi

30、ritual civilization is the ideological guarantees of the material civilization and it provides the motivation to the development of the material civilization. Therefore, the professional ethics is necessary for the development of material and spiritual civilization. In our daily life, there are some

31、 people doing things with a good professional ethics. For example, Bill Gates, who is a rich man in the world, made a will in 2003. “In his will, he only left 30 million dollars and a house worth of one hundred million dollars to his children, and 98% of property dedicated to the society”(2). Thats

32、because of Christian faith. Bill Gates has a brief, and he can denote money to the society, then that money can be used to improve the public undertakings. While, there are people are against professional ethics. Some businessmen ignore products quality in order to pursue output. They produce unqual

33、ified products, and they even sell those products at a high price. Those behaviors seriously harm the interests of consumers. Even though some enterprises do not sell bad products, they are selfish. They only pursue their own interest, and they dont denote money to the society. This kind of behavior

34、 can also be detrimental to the development of the society. If those rich enterprises dont denote money to the society, the society will have less money to develop. Then the society will develop slowly. Therefore, people should have professional ethics, which is good for spiritual civilization const

35、ruction. At the same time, spiritual civilization is the guidance for material civilization and material civilization is the foundation of the spiritual civilization. In other word, professional ethics promote spiritual and material civilization and it promote the development of the society. The vie

36、w of education in PuritanismA theologian who was deeply influenced by Puritanism thought that the most important thing in the world was to educate our children for God. The politic, war, literature and economy should subject to it. Especially the parents should pay more attention to the childrens ed

37、ucation. Puritan emphasize on education, they not only value school education but also attach importance to family education. 3.1 The general idea of the view of educationPuritan put school education and family education in the same place. They think highly of character education and parents should

38、act as the first responsible person in children education. They put this into practice. When they arrived at Massachusetts Bay, before their houses finished they have already established a collage that is called Harvard University today. A few years later, Massachusetts and Connecticut prescribe tha

39、t every town should establish schools and the law also require that the parents and employer should provide education to their children and apprentices. Puritans view on education which is of great importance to spiritual civilization and that improve the development of material civilization. 3.2 Th

40、e enlightenment of the view of education on the material and spiritual civilization progressThe social development depends on education. Puritans view on education is of great significance to the construction of spiritual and material civilization. School education provides talents with knowledge in

41、 politic, economy and culture. They apply the knowledge they learned in school into practice and it will create a lot of wealth for our society. Nowadays our education has made some progress, but there are still some rural areas cannot accept good education and that leads to the economic backwardnes

42、s. They need to improve their all kinds of ability to construct their hometown. Family education plays an important role in the construction of spiritual and material civilization. Before they enter into school, the education they receive is almost from their parents. Therefore, parents should set a

43、 good example in the moral education. Now even students study in the same school but there are still some moral differences because of different family education. Only the moral concept improves, can the spiritual civilization develop. No matter the school education or the family education, they both can promote the development of spiritual and material civilization. We not only should learn some professional knowledge but also learn how to improve our moral concept. T