环境化学习题课

1、环境化学习题课6、求每升雨水中溶解的co2的量，设空气中co2分压=33.4palmolpkcopalmolkcohcaqhc/1012. 14 .331036. 3/1036. 357)(272解：7、已知标准条件下氧气在纯水中的溶解度为8.24mg/l，求15时其溶解度为多少？氧气在水中溶解热h=12kj/mollmgccttrhccmolkjhktkmoljrlmgckt/748. 91024. 81024. 8073. 028812981314. 8303. 21200011303. 2lg/12,288/314. 8,/24. 8,298073. 02073. 02211221132

2、cona3cacolmolco/01. 0233caco6、硬水中加入过量，至沉淀出，达到平衡后，在此溶液中溶解度？2323cocacacox0.01lmolxcacokxsp/108 . 207. 0108 . 2)(01. 07937、海水中含、海水中含1300mg/l的的mg2+,1l海水与海水与1l浓度为浓度为0.02mol/l的的naoh溶液混合，出现溶液混合，出现mg(oh)2沉淀吗？沉淀吗？222ohmgohmg所以会产生沉淀。解：116222102 . 11071. 22/02. 02/24/3 . 1spklmolmolglgohmg8 8、假定天然水、大气、沉积物三相间有关

3、组分平衡如下：、假定天然水、大气、沉积物三相间有关组分平衡如下：322)(2)(3hcocaohcocacoqs求ca2+浓度和ph值（大气中二氧化碳浓度31610-6） 1212123231332322223231002. 9/1 ,cchcspcchcgkkkkkkhcohcokhhcocohkcohohcokspcocacaco23. 810815. 11033. 81 .321036. 3105 . 4/1033. 82,10165. 401.3210082. 263. 010013. 1103161002. 963. 063. 01047731132342343/143/1563/1

4、123/13/1222phhcopkkhkcohhhcolmolcahcopkcacohcccco7、在含有 3.010-3m的介质中，nta与pbco3处于平衡，计算3hco 是多少？2/ htpbt 53.13/100 . 3,1006. 4101 . 21045. 21025. 51048. 1,23323221011111312332312323323322323htpbtlmolhcokhthcopbkkkkkkhcopbthtpbcokhcohcokpbttpbkthhtkcopbpbcocfspscfsp所以因为解：的值是多少？处于平衡，计算溶液中和含的水与固体、含22362%)

5、0314. 0(/100 . 18htcocacolmolhtna 1212123231332322223231002. 9/1 ,cchcspcchcgkkkkkkhcohcokhhcocohkcohohcokspcocacaco解：lmolcahcopkcaco/1028. 82,1014. 44 .3110082. 263. 010013. 1103161002. 963. 063. 042343/143/1563/1123/13/122947731132310734. 51028. 84 .311036. 3105 . 42hcopkkhkcohhhcocohccc由332233232

6、1075. 7,kkkhcathtcakthhtkcattcaff55710734. 51014. 41075. 71075. 79432322htcathtcahcat lmolhthtcat/1078. 1100 . 19262所以剩余的又4 .182/022210,27991.0,44284kcnagcnagveageagnaohcnagnaohonacnagagag已知否可行：下列反应在热力学上是补充题：通过计算分析所以反应可行。总的电动势阴极反应：阳极阳极反应：所以总反应：阴极阳极解：假设阴阳阳阳阳06893. 02883. 0401. 0401. 0,4422883. 0,2288

7、3. 00874. 17991. 00874. 14 .180591. 04 .18lg110,27991. 0,222204 .18202veveoheohoveecnagcnagveveeeknpekcnagcnageageageecnagcnag 16. 75 . 0103 . 0lg3103.22lg3103.221 .6631lg3110,236,/03. 06,/05. 034 . 7564 . 72624001 .6622240ohcrhcropepekpekohohcrehcropepelmolcrlmolcrph解：和求处于平衡状态的的水样中测得、从atmphppepeohe

8、hophppepeppphpeohchehcooochcochco7224/1202248/1204202421002. 313. 41lg75.2075.20,214113. 4787. 2lg,00. 7,87. 2,4181816水体表面的反应为：解：是多少？求水体表面的氧的分压假定若：下反应在水中产生甲烷、在厌氧菌作用下，按phpphphppepepphpeveohehooooo224/1202022lg41795.20lg410591. 0229. 11lg,229. 1,21417解：三者之间关系？和写出水：、氧气按照下式还原为 atmpphppepeohehonhhnopepeo

9、hnhehnononhphooo31224/120228/144/58/130243341098. 36 . 7lg4115. 6lg75.2075.20,214115. 67459 .14lg9 .149 .14,83814581, 0 . 78解：氧气压力，其中、计算一个平衡体系的 16lg)310lg100 . 1lg0 .13100 . 1)23 . 32100 . 1lglog, 0 .131,lg0 .13,100 . 1log9323223332332323233223pefefefepefefepemfefefecpefefefefepefeefemcpeohfefe时，同理得

10、到当，时，当都是而时，）当分三种情况讨论：解：图，已知总铁的浓度为体系的、作出90. 4896.1713100 . 110272. 1lg0 .1310272. 110118. 1101 . 9101 . 9101 . 9,3395. 810118. 1100 . 8100 . 8100 . 8,22,100 . 110523232339333333323392/11221222122222332252223pefeefemfehfekohfehohfephfehhfekohfehohfepephfeohfeohfefemfeohfefess解：成平衡，计算此时的，且体系中，、2、the la

11、ngmuir equation is used to discribes sorption of solutes by suspendidmatter. suppose it was found that for an equilibrium concentration of solute is solution of 3.010-3mol/l，0.510-3mol of the solute was sorbed per gramof soild in suspend in solution. when the equilibrium concentration of solute was

12、lowered to 110-3mol/l, 0.510-3mol of the soulte were sorbed per gram of absorbent,what is the limiting amount of solute that can be sorbed per gram of absorbent in unit of mol/g?31000/100 . 1100 . 11100 . 11025. 0100 . 31100 . 3105 . 013333333blmolxbbxbbxcbcbxxmmmm组得到：解上面的二元一次方程联立二元一次方程组：解：朗格谬尔方程为oh

13、ponhmgohmgonhpohpohlmgnpdtmgo244244242765/30,/1056. 113解：每天的产渣量是多少？作为化学计量计算，则含有并除去，若按照污水中化合物通过化学反应一使污水中所含的生活污水，为药剂处理水量为以、一个小型的水处理厂9724530mg/lx每升水的产渣量是：tdglgdllmgdllmgxx18. 1/1021.118/10773.75/1056. 1/773.75/1056. 1/773.75245973024597304377单位体积产渣量一天处理的污水体积总渣量95. 9046. 41009. 810897. 8102 . 7/10897. 8

14、/4 .11210/1 . 0/1 . 0)2102 . 710102 . 7102 . 7,2/1 . 020 .1111497152227392315215222222phpohohohcdklmolmolglglmgcdohcdkohcdohcdphlmgcdohcdphspsp则，则浓度为控制标准为解：值？求控制的时，）假如排放标准为浓度？沉淀求产生时，即节）当用碱性药剂将其调、对某一酸性废水 67. 4/1013. 210536. 4103105 . 41036. 3105 . 41036. 3,;,1035510377277231322132222323phlmolhhphcohk

15、kkhcohohcokhcohohcokcocophpaphcohcochcgcaqhcaqgco解：值？求土壤溶液的、土壤空气中，pappppppprtmgpprtmgpprtmgpprtmghppkmpapakmkmh42235723819573838190190380570231001325. 11001325. 11001325. 1) 3(/19exp)2( ,/38exp) 1 ( ,/57exp/exp19,1001325. 11001325. 157384解：根据？高度的大气压力是多少求和处，大气压分别为和、假设在海拔)/(1041. 6103.3310385847251065

16、5. 610655. 61317253314. 848102103.33103858472510248069600034248069600034002646092880-0026708998403420104 . 634-40104 . 634)/(10,10220. 666913123131523939333331631533vvvvmpnrtvnrtpvmmkmvvvogopakmkm，根据体积减去内球体积解：该层的体积为外球平均浓度是多少？为计量单位的以计算的总质量是摄氏度，存在的温度为的空间层内压力为，距离地面、已知地球半径为)/%(04. 0)/%(1001

17、0400/10400/8 .4578 .4574578. 0/2801635. 01,01635. 0298314. 810410013. 1104104001/)/%(10013. 125/10400766334534363356vvvvvvmmgcomggmolgmolcommolrtpvnnrtpvmmcommmgvvpavvco的质量浓度为则烟气中的质量为烟气中每则的体积是的烟气中，解：每多少？”为单位的浓度值各为和“”条件下），相当于以“摄氏度和（，的浓度可高达、烟草中断裂断裂，而不能使所以能是，吸收的能量为解：吸收一摩尔光子后和键的键能分别是吸收后能否断裂，两个分子和问大气中辐射最短波长、到达地球表面的太阳osonjchemoljsononm59834232355221013. 410290100 . 310626. 61002. 61002. 6/1064. 51001. 3,2904ktkmwmwsstktkmwmwsstt03.308549. 0110669. 54139534. 01/10669. 5,/1395,549. 0,34. 0,141)243.25210669. 54139534. 01/10669. 5,/1395, 0,3