BCBA白皮书912章依米星aba

1、aba study group 20171we will start in a few minutes aba study group 20172cooper chap 9-12 mockssources: bill slusser and http:/ study group 20173experiments that demonstrate a clear functional relationship between the independent variable and the observed behavior are said to have a high degree of:

2、(cooper)accuracyreliabilitysocial validityexternal validityinternal validityaba study group 20174an uncontrolled factor that is known or suspected to have exerted influence on the dependent variable is called a(n): (cooper)behavioral contrastmaintaining eventbehavioral controlextraneous factorconfou

3、nding variableaba study group 20175mom yells “stop!” to daughter every time she engages in inappropriate behaviors. the daughter seems to enjoy being yelled at and her behavior continues even after being told to stop. moms yelling is acting as a _ towards our daughters behavior.penalty contingencyti

4、me outsdpunisherreinforceraba study group 20176all of the following are methods for assessing the social validity of outcomes except: (cooper)none of the aboveasking consumers to rate the social validity of participant outcomesusing standardized assessment instrumentscomparing participants performan

5、ce to the performance of a normative sampleasking the researchers to rate the social validity of participant outcomesaba study group 20177the degree to which a functional relationship can be demonstrated in circumstances that are different from the experimental conditions is called: (cooper)controli

6、nternal validitytreatment acceptabilityreplicationexternal validityaba study group 20178_ is conducted by 1) a large pool of stimuli that might be used as reinforcers is gathered and 2) those stimuli are presented to the target person systematically to identify preferencestimulus preference assessme

7、ntaba study group 20179which of the following research designs have contributed the least in terms of effective technology for behavior change? (cooper)component analysesreversal designsmultiple baseline across behaviorsmultiple baseline across settingsgroup comparison designsaba study group 201710w

8、hich of the following is a factor not to consider when determining whether or not a functional relation has been demonstrated in an experiment? (cooper)the functional behavior assessmentthe degree to which the researcher controlled potential confoundsan examination of the measurement systemvisual an

9、alysis and interpretation of the datasystematic replication of effectsaba study group 201711which of the following is not a reason that applied behavior analysts favor visual analysis of data over statistical methods? (cooper)all are not reasons bcbas favor visual analysis of datastatistical signifi

10、cance is not the target outcome for behavior analysts.visual analysis is well suited for demonstrating strong effects.predetermined criteria of statistical tests offer less flexibility in experimental designhighly variable data may not be statistically significant.aba study group 201712a teacher wan

11、ts to deliver a sticker to johnny every time he says “please.” this would be considered positive reinforcement if: (cooper)none of the abovethe behavior of sticker giving decreases over timethe behavior of saying please does not change over timethe behavior of saying please decreases over timethe be

12、havior of saying please increases over timeaba study group 201713the qualifications to be considered when utilizing positive reinforcement are: (cooper)delay between response and consequencenone of the abovestrength of motivationstimulus conditions when response was emittedall the aboveaba study gro

13、up 201714heather hears a phone ring, then picks up the phone. her husband talks with her over the phone. what is the behavior in this three-term contingency? (cooper)none of theseshe responds to her husbandphone ringinghusband talkingheather picks up the phoneaba study group 201715an example of a mo

14、tivating operation is: (cooper)hungernone of theseargument with significant otherhay feverall of theseaba study group 201716which of the following is not an appropriate way to identify potential reinforcers? (cooper)run a reinforcer assessmentobserve the personask the person or significant other wha

15、t is reinforcingpick a stimulus that is reinforcing for someone elsemeasure the persons responses to trial-based testsaba study group 201717stimulus preference assessment refers to a variety of procedures to determine: (cooper)the stimulus a person prefersnone of the abovethe conditions under which

16、those preference values holdthe relative preference values of those stimuliall the aboveaba study group 201718all of the following are appropriate situations to use a delayed multiple baseline except: (cooper)both a &c additional subjects become available after the start of the studythe research

17、er has limited resources to conduct data collectiona planned reversal design is no longer possiblea reversal design is too challenging to implementaba study group 201719applied behavior analysis research has identified effective interventions for socially significant behavior by focusing on the: (co

18、oper)none of the abovebehavior of individuals with cognitive delayscommon behavior of groups of individualsbehavior of professionalsbehavior of individual subjectaba study group 201720when two or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for two or more behaviors,

19、what schedule of reinforcement is in effect? (cooper)noncontingent reinforcementprogressive-ratiomixedmultipleconcurrentaba study group 201721which schedule reinforcer assessment consists of two or more component schedules of reinforcement for a single response with only one component schedule in ef

20、fect at any given time? (cooper)ncrprogressive-ratioconcurrentmixedmultipleaba study group 201722i want to determine the most effective fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement for his client. i first implements a fixed-ratio schedule of 6, then a fixed-ratio schedule of 8, and lastly a fixed-ratio sch

21、edule of 10. i am using what form of analysis?treatment analysisfunctional analysiscomponent analysisnon-parametric analysisparametric analysisaba study group 201723in a multiple baseline design, the functional relationship between the independent variable and the change in the subjects behavior is

22、determined by: (cooper)all the abovereplication of behavior change with each new criterionobservation of behavior change in the treated tiersystematic introduction and withdrawal across phasesobservation of unchanged behaviors in other tiersaba study group 201724the model for predicting whether (a)

23、access to one behavior will function as reinforcement for another behavior based on the relative baseline rates at which each behavior occurs and (b) whether contingent access to one of the behaviors represents a restriction compared to the baseline level of engagement is known as the: (cooper)none

24、of the aboveresponse-contingency hypothesisthe premack principleresponse-satiation hypothesisresponse-deprivation hypothesisaba study group 201725the response-deprivation hypothesis was built on whose concept? (cooper)baer, wolfe, risleypavlovwatsonskinnerpremackaba study group 201726a neutral stimu

25、lus can be made into a reinforcer by: (cooper)pairing with a reinforcera neutral stimulus cannot be utilized as a reinforcerpresenting it individually after a response multiple timespairing it with an unconditioned responsepairing it with an unconditioned stimulusaba study group 201727_ requires an

26、experimental demonstration that the presentation of a stimulus contingent on the occurrence of a target response functions as positive reinforcementcontrolaba study group 201728which of the following is not a design factor to be considered when using a changing criterion design? (cooper)length of ra

27、telength of phasemagnitude of behavior changenumber of criterion changesverification of behavior changeaba study group 201729experimental control when evaluating positive reinforcement is demonstrated by comparing: (cooper)response rates in the presence of a contingencydifferential reinforcement of

28、other behavior to another reinforcement schedule, such as differential reinforcement of alternate behaviorfixed time reinforcement to differential reinforcementresponse rates in the absence of a contingencyall of the aboveaba study group 201730the presentation of a potential reinforcer on a fixed or

29、 variable schedule independent of the occurrence of the target behavior is also referred to as: (cooper)none of thesecontingent punishmentcontingent reinforcementnoncontingent punishmentnoncontingent reinforcementaba study group 201731which could be used as a control condition when evaluating the ef

30、fects of a reinforcement-based procedure? (cooper)ncrdridradroall of theseaba study group 201732all of the following are limitations of the multiple baseline design except: (cooper)it is stronger than reversal designit may not reveal the functional relationship, even if one existsverification of pre

31、dicted behavior change must be inferred from other behaviors.the behavior under study must be within the subjects repertoire alreadyit is weaker than the reversal designaba study group 201733practitioners increase the effectiveness of positive reinforcement when they attend to the _ of stimulus pres

32、entation. (cooper)arrangementnone of theseadministrationmanagementall of theseaba study group 201734negative reinforcement can be defined as: stimulus _, contingent upon a response, which _ the future probability of that response. (cooper)presented. removedpresented, decreasespresented, increasesrem

33、oved, decreasesremoved, increasesaba study group 201735mary jo decides to implement a negative reinforcement intervention with one of her students, anjali, to increase the amount of work anjali completes. mary jo tells anjali, if you complete 15 math problems today (monday), you dont have to do your

34、 math worksheet on friday. what is one problem that might arise with this intervention? (cooper)none of the abovereinforcement is available for a competing behavior.there is little difference in the stimulus conditions before the response (completing work) occurs and after the response occurs.mary j

35、o is being inconsistent in her delivery of reinforcement.the stimulus change following the occurrence of target behavior is not immediate.aba study group 201736when an intervention that is known to be effective is withheld from a subject for the purposes of achieving a multiple baseline design, this

36、 presents a(n) _ challenge for researchers. (cooper)reliablelogical experimentalpracticalethicalaba study group 201737the ultimate purpose of social validity assessment is to: (cooper)decrease magnitude of behavior changeincrease the magnitude of behavior changeimprove the relationship between resea

37、rchers and clientsimprove researchers chances of publicationguide behavior change program development and applicationaba study group 201738unlike assessments for identifying positive reinforcers, assessments for negative reinforcers must place equal emphasis on _ as well as the consequence events fo

38、r target behavior. (cooper)the consequencethe stimulusthe future occurrence of the target behaviorpunishmentthe eo or antecedent eventaba study group 201739_ involves the termination, reduction, or postponement of a stimulus contingent on the occurrence of a response, which leads to an increase in t

39、he future occurrence of that responsenegative punishmentpositive punishmentescapepositive reinforcementnegative reinforcementaba study group 201740which of the following behaviors could be maintained by negative reinforcement? (cooper)cleaning your school desktantrumscleaning a bedroomcompleting sch

40、ool work.all of theseaba study group 201741when a subjects behavior changes each time a new criterion is introduced, this is an example of (cooper)validitysystematic manipulationfunctionpredictionreplicationaba study group 201742the most useful level to understand the effect of a treatment is the: (

41、cooper)generalization levelimplementation levelprocedural levelgroup levelindividual levelaba study group 201743ethical concerns about the use of negative reinforcement stem from: (cooper)the presence of antecedent aversive stimuli in the individuals environmentthe potential for creating a context t

42、hat generates undesired behaviorsthe presentation of aversive stimuli contingent upon a target behavior displayed by an individual.having to deprive the individual of positive reinforcement for an extended period of time.b and daba study group 201744the potential negative side effects (e.g., crying,

43、 running away) of negative reinforcement are similar to the side effects associated with: (cooper)all the abovestimulus controlnegative reinforcementpositive reinforcementpunishmentaba study group 201745the research tactic for examining two or more elements of a treatment package is called a(n): (co

44、oper)parametric analysisalternating treatment designmultiple baseline across interventionsmultiple treatmentscomponent analysisaba study group 201746which of these experimental design is least recommended when you want to shape a novel behavior? multi-element designwithdrawal designmultiple baseline

45、 across peoplemultiple baseline across settingschanging criterion designaba study group 201747my client knows how to read so i set the following contingency for my client; if the client reads 3 pages of his book, he gets 10 minutes on his ipad. the client masters this almost immediately so i then se

46、t the contingency to, reading 5 pages of his book earns him 15 minutes on his ipad. the client masters this after several session so i once again increase the mastery criteria. which design am i usingchanging criterion designaba study group 201748all of the following are advantages of using a multip

47、le baseline design except.all are advantagesyou can utilize more than two or more settings, subjects, or behaviors.it evaluates generalizationa successful intervention doesnt need to be withdrawndemonstrates a functional relationshipaba study group 201749which design is best to use if you want to us

48、e the same treatment procedure across multiple behaviorsmultiple baseline designaba study group 201750i implemented a multi-part treatment and the treatment is very effective, but i would like to understand which part of my treatment is actually effective. i should conduct aexperimental analysispara

49、metric analysisfunctional analysistreatment analysiscomponent analysisaba study group 201751one method of addressing the practical concern of costly measurement when using a multiple baseline design across settings is to: (cooper)include only one person in the studyinclude only one setting in the st

50、udyreduce the number of baseline data pointsuse a changing criterion design instead of the multiple baselineuse intermittent probes during baselineaba study group 201752an example of unconditioned reinforcer(s) is: (cooper)foodwarmthoxygenwaterall of the theseaba study group 201753i want to determin

51、e whether or not the presents of a tv being on in the background during the session, results in an increase in off-topic behaviors with the client. during one half of the session, the tv is on. during the other half of the session, the tv is off. before the start of each session, i randomly select w

52、hich half of the session will have the tv on. i am using what form of analysis?experimental analysisfunctional analysiscomponent analysisparametric analysisnon parametric analysisaba study group 201754what information does a concurrent schedule reinforcer assessment provide? (cooper)none of theseall

53、 of thesea rank order of preference for a variety of stimuli.how often children will select one stimulus versus another to indicate preferencewhether or not a stimulus functions as a reinforcer and how effective that stimulus is as a reinforcer compared to other stimuliaba study group 201755lucy has

54、 trained her dog that in order to receive a treat, she must respond correctly to a specific given command. lucy wants to use this reinforcement contingency to teach her new commands but every time she attempts to teach her a new command, she is solely focused on the treat in lucys hand. this is an e

55、xample ofan abolishing operationan establishing operationstimulus controlmaskingovershadowingaba study group 201756when my client and his father arrived at his school for his first day of kindergarten, he wouldnt say “hi” to anyone. his father told the teacher that he is typically a very polite boy

56、and knows how to “hi”. the client not saying “hi” to his new teacher and peers is an example ofnone of the abovecontingency shaped behaviorrule governed behaviorovershadowingmaskingaba study group 201757i want to increase my clients duration of compliance during non-preferred tasks so i remove the c

57、lients toy until the client reaches a predetermined goal. we can say for sure that the removal of the toy is anone of the abovepositive reinforcement procedurenegative punishment procedurenegative reinforcement procedureremoval of a stimulusaba study group 201758which of the following are guidelines

58、 for effective reinforcement?choosing reinforcers that are not relevant to the target behaviorusing the same reinforcers over and over againdelaying the delivery of a reinforcerusing reinforcers of low magnitudenone of theseaba study group 201759which of the following is an example of free-operant a

59、voidance? (cooper)none of the abovejackie crosses the street when she sees donna come around the corner on the next block so that she doesnt have to talk to herlavonda puts on a bicycle helmet when she rides her bike so that she doesnt hurt her head in the event that she falls off her bike.nathaniel

60、 puts down the hurricane shutters on his florida home when he hears that a tropical storm is approaching so that his windows do not get broken.all the aboveaba study group 201760all of the following are advantages of the multiple baseline design except: (cooper)all are advantagesmimics common practice o