高一英语学习笔记

1、资料来源：来自本人网络整理！祝您工作顺利！高一英语学习笔记 还在担忧上课跟不上笔记吗？正值当下青春年华，加油！ 有了这些高一的英语就不用愁了，超具体！ 必修一unit1 1 add相关用法 示加；增加,常与介词to连用，即add to ,把加到中去；往中加。 eg:if you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等于10。 add some hot water if you think the coffee is much too strong. 假如你觉得这咖啡太浓，就加点儿热水。 2. add表示补充说道,即又说；连续说。 eg:and i expect your li

2、ttle sister will come, too, added she. 她接着又说：而且我盼望你的小妹妹也能来。 mother added that we must get back as soon as possible. 妈妈接着又说我们必需尽早回来。 3. add to表示增加；增加,其中to是介词，后接名词或代词。有时也可用来表示房屋的扩建或书的续写等。 eg:each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty. 参与晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花

3、，使得她们显得愈加美丽。 the soldiers were extremely tired and the heavy rain added to their difficulty. 战士们累极了，而大雨更是增加了他们的困难。 this old house has been added to from time to time. 这幢老房子曾一再扩建。 has that book of his been added to later? 他的那本书后来曾续写过吗？ 4. add up 表示把加起来；add up to 那么表示加起来总和为。 eg:can you add these ten f

4、igures up? 你能把这十个数字加起来吗？ all these figures add up to 5,050. 全部这些数字加起来总和为5,050。 此外，add up to 在口语中还有以下两种用法： 1 作含义是；表示；等于；总而言之讲。 eg:his remarks added up to a condemnation of my plan. 他的看法总之就是责备我的方案。 2 作有意义；讲得通。 egi dont think what she said added up at the meeting. 我认为她在会上的发言没有意义。 2cover把握词义 包含，播报，走完，进展

5、 3pay pay attention to 关注 pay for支付 pay off=pay by归还 pay a visit to 参观 4prefer prefer to do 表示一时性的喜爱 prefer doing表示长时间的，一贯性的喜爱 。prefer sth 喜爱某物 。prefer to do instead of doing 喜爱做某事而不是做某事 。prefer sb to do sth 喜爱干某事 。prefer a to b 喜爱做a,不喜爱作b 。prefer doing a to doing b 喜爱做a,不喜爱作b 。prefer to do a raher

6、than do b 喜爱做a,不喜爱作b 。prefer to do a than do b 喜爱做a,不喜爱作b 5plan to do sth=mean to do sth 准备做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 5 badly 。they have both behaved very badly and i am very hurt. 他们俩都很不友善，让我特别难受。 。the european parliament badly needs a president who can burnish its image. 欧洲议会急需一位能改善其声望的主席。 。he had w

7、renched his ankle badly from the force of the fall. 他因摔倒而严峻扭伤了脚踝。 6upset 用法】 用作动词，意为“to cause to turn or tip over “打翻，推翻; “to distress or perturb mentally or emotionally使不适，使心烦例如：i upset the soup all over the table.我把汤打翻在桌上了 the bad news upset me.那那么坏消息使我心烦意乱 upset还可以用作形容词，意为“不适的;不舒适的“混乱的“不安的例如：upse

8、t stomach吃坏了的肚子upset parents 不安的父母亲 james was upset because he had lost his ticket.詹姆斯很烦躁，因为他把车票弄丢了 所以an upset man这样的表述是可以的 只是upset在描绘人的时候通常用somebodybe动词upset,更加符合英美人的用法 7calm down使冷静 calm adj. 形容词 水面安静的，天气无风的 of water not rough, smooth; of weather not windy 冷静的，镇静的; 安静的，心平气和的 free from excitement,

9、nervous activity, or strong feeling; quiet and untroubled n. 名词 su宁静; 安静; 冷静，不紧急 peace and quiet; absence of excitement of nervous activity su天气无风，无浪状态 an absence of wind or rough weather v. 动词 vt. vi. 使安静; 使冷静 make or become calm 8so和such用法 so adv.表示“如此、“这样的意思。用作副词，修饰形容词和副词。主要构造有： 。so +adj.+a/an +可

10、数名词单数+that从句 。so+adj./adv.+that从句 。so+many/few/much/little+复数可数名词+that从句 suchadj.表示“如此“这样的意思。用作形容词，修饰名词。主要构造有： 。such+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词+that从句 。such+adj.+不行数名词+that从句 。such+adj.+复数可数名词+that从句 9 do/does/did加动词原形表示强调 do表示加强语气的用法 在一般如今时和一般过去时里，dodid经常用来加强语气。第一种状况，就是用在确定的陈述句中，放在主语和谓语动词之间，汉语中常以“确实、“的确来表示。如

11、： i do think he is right.我的确认为他是对的。 i do want to go！我真想去！ he did read it.他的确读了。 thats exactly what she did say.这就是她讲的话。 其次种状况，就是用于确定的祈使句开头，只用法如今时，如： do go to school！可肯定要上学呀！ do tell me what happened！肯定告知我发生了什么事！ do ask，if you have any questions.假如有问题，务必提出。 假如祈使句原来动词是be，加强语气时要变成do be： do be diligent！

12、可要用功哦！ 以上两种状况dodid均重读。第三种状况就是由于never，hardly，only then等副词放在句首加强语气，主语前需加 dodid。如 never did i see him again.我从未再见过他。 hardly did i think it possible.我几乎认为这是不行能的。 only then did i realize the importance of agricultural labour.只是在那时我才认识到农业劳动的重要性。 i dont know him.nor do i want to.我不认识他，也不想认识 10强调句 。 it is t

13、he communist party that leads us to victory.是共产党指导我们走向成功的 。 。 it is john who/that might have bought a new book yesterday for mary.昨天是约翰给玛丽买了一本新书。 。 it is a new book that john might have bought yesterday for mary.约翰昨天给玛丽买的是一本新书。 。 it is yesterday that john might have bought a new book for mary.约翰是在昨天

14、给玛丽买了一本新书的。 。 it was two days ago that he died. 他是两天前去世的。 。 it was in the park that the child was lost. 这个孩子是在公园丧失的。 。 it was for the meeting that he came here. 他是来这里开会。 那句型这么重要练习一下吧 还有一些你不知道的，可以用在写作上作为高级句型 必修一unit1unit2 首先要说的呢，肯定要留意我说重要的地方！ 1、concern 这可是一个大词哦特殊重要！ 一、用作动词 关系到，影响 the world cup taking

15、 place in germany concerns all the fans throughout the world. 在德国进行的世界杯足球赛影响到全世界全部的球迷们。 留意：其过去分词concerned常用来作表语，意为“和有关；牵涉；而作定语，那么意为“有关的。 it is reported that the pop singer is concerned with selling drug. 据报道，那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。 he asked all concerned to take an active part in helping the girl. 他要求全部相关的人主动关心

16、那个女孩。 dont interfere in what doesnt concern you.别管与自己无关的事。 使担忧；使关怀；使苦恼 the boys poor performance at school concerned his parents. 这个男孩在学校很差的表现，使他父母很担忧。 留意：其过去分词concerned通常作形容词用，意为“担忧的；苦恼的；忧虑的。 the concerned parents were all concerned for the childrens safety. 忧心忡忡的家长们都为孩子们的平安担忧。 二、用作名词。 1. 有关的事可数 th

17、ats my concern, so ill do as i like about it. 那是我的事，因此，我想怎么做就怎么做。 2. 关心；关怀不行数 some people dont show much concern for our environment. 有些人不太关怀我们的环境。 3. 着急；忧虑不行数 there is now considerable concern for their illness. 如今对他们的病相当担忧。 there is growing concern that 越来越担忧 4. 对某人来说最重要或最感爱好的事可数 what are your mai

18、n concerns as a golf player? 作为一个高尔夫球员，你最关怀什么？ 5. 企业；公司；商行可数 tcl is a large concern in our country. tcl 是我们国家的一个大企业。 6. 股份可数 many managers have concerns in their businesses. 很多经理在企业中都占有股份。 三、常用搭配： concern oneself with / in / about sth. “忙于某事 / 关怀某事 / 参加某事。如： she concerns herself with social welfare.

19、 她从事社会福利工作。 as / so far as sb. / sth. be concerned“就某人 / 某物而言。如： as far as im concerned, i dont object to your decision. 就我个人而言，我不反对你的打算。 be concerned in / with sth. “与某物有牵连。如： he was concerned with the crime. 他与那起罪案有关。 be concerned to do sth.“把做某事视为自己的事情。如： he is always concerned to help others.他总是

20、把关心别人看作是自己的事情。 show / express concern about / for “对表示关怀、担忧。如： she showed a great deal of concern for her sons illness. 她特别担忧她儿子的病情。 have a concern in / with “与有利害关系。如： i have no concern with that company.我与那家公司没什么关系。 be concerned about / that “关怀；担忧。如： im concerned that they may have got lost. 我担忧他

21、们可能迷路了。 四、同根词： concerned形容词，意为“有关的；担忧的。如： concerned parents held a meeting. 忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。 concerning介词，意为“关于；有关。如： concerning his proposal, there are pros and cons. 关于他的提案，有赞成和反对两种看法。 2、set相关短语 set out,set off, set about, set apart, set aside 。set out动身旅程+介词+n.;to do sth.着手做=set about doing sth. a.

22、they set out on the last stage of their journey. 他们开头了旅行的最终一程。 kate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.凯蒂动身去海湾另一边的房子she set out at dawn. 她天一亮就动身了。 b. he set out to paint the whole house.他开头着手粉刷整幢房子 c. 开启新事物、困难、重要的事物等my nephew is just setting out on a career in journalism.我侄子刚刚开头了他记者的

23、事业所以，“开头一场表演中的“开头不用set out,简洁用start/begin就可以：start a show / let the show begin/start 。set about: 开头，着手+sth./doing sth. a. you must set about your work at once. 你必需马上开头工作。 b. do you know how to set about going on this work? 你知道怎样着手进展这项工作吗？ set off=set out动身;引起，使发生;爆炸a.if you want to catch that train

24、wed better set off for the station immediately. 你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们就最好马上动身去火车站。 b.what time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你准备明天几点钟启程？ c.what he said set off a heated discussion.他所说的话引起了热闹的争论。 。set down前四种常用a. 放下，搁下：例句： to set down ones bag 放下包b. 写下，登记;登记：例句： the police sest down my car number. 警察登

25、记了我的汽车号码c. 使飞机着陆;使降落：例句： my plane was set down in a heavy fog. 我乘坐的飞机在浓雾中着陆。d. 让乘客 下车：例句： to set down the passengers 让乘客下车e. 把货物从车上卸下：例句： the train stopped at the station to set down lots of waste. 火车进站停车，卸下了很多废物。 f. 把看做，把认作as：例句： he was set down as a fool. 他被看成是个傻瓜。g. 把说明为，把归因于to：例句： to set ones si

26、lence down to his diffidence 把静默归因于羞怯h. 制定;规定：例句： the rules for service have been set down. 有关修理业的规章已经出台。i. 确定;打算的日期：例句： the plan to be set down 业已确定的方案j. 使坐下k. 马赛中暂停参赛l. 口语申斥，责备：例句： i was set down by my father. 我爸骂了我一顿。 。set apartfor留出专用 the room is set apart for smoking/smokers.这屋子是为了专为人们抽烟/吸烟者而预备

27、的。 。set aside留出，拨出;把置于一旁;不顾;不理睬;驳回;取消 set sth.aside for sth./sb.为某人或某物预留 a. maybe i should set aside just a minute a day to count my blessings and say thank you. 或许，我应当每天留出一分钟时间，细数一下拥有的美好，然后，真诚地说一声：“感谢！ b.she set aside her book and lit a cigarette.她把书放在一旁，点着一根香烟。 c.the car has been set aside and is

28、out of use.那辆车已被搁置一旁不再用法了。 d.i set aside my overcoat and took out the summer clothes.我把外套放起来，拿出夏天衣服。 3.表目的 so as to do sth in order to do in order that purpose 又想到一个点，有意的怎么说来着？ on purpose=by chance反义词by design=by accident =accidently 4、happen用法 发生; 出现; 碰巧; 偶尔遇到; happen是不及物动词，它的用法常见的有如下几种状况： 。表示“某地某时

29、发生了什么事，常用“sth.+ happen +地点/时间这一构造来表达，此时主语应是事情。例如： the story happened in 2021.这个故事发生在2021年。 an accident happened in that street.那条街上发生了一起事故。 。表示“某人出了某事常指不好的事，要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.这一构造来表达。例如： a car accident happened to her this morning.今日上午她发生了交通事故。 what happened to you?你怎么啦？ 。表示“某人碰巧做某事，要用“sb.+ happ

30、en+ to do sth.这一构造来表达。例如： i happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个伴侣。 。happen表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事时，还可用“it happens / happened that这一构造来表达。例如： it happened that brian and peter were at home that day.碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在家了。 it happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afterno

31、on.碰巧那天下午他不得不参与一个会议。 注：that从句中的主语是人时，此种构造可以与“sb.+ happen + to do sth.构造互换。例如： it happened that brian and peter were at home that day.= brian and peter happened to be at home that day. 词形改变：时态：happened，happening，happens。 同义词：bechance，befall；materialise，materialize；encounter，find，bump，chance；come abou

32、t，fall out，go on，hap，occur，pass，pass off，take place。 反义词：dematerialise，dematerialize。 单词分析：这些词语都可表示“发生之意。 happen：一般用词，泛指一切客观事物或状况的发生，强调动作的偶尔性。 occur：较正式用词，可指意外地发生，也可指意料中的发生。 chance：侧重事前无支配或无预备而发生的事，特指巧合。 take place：多指通过人为支配的发生。 英语句子 if this should happen, the speaker might feel down in the mouth. 假如

33、事情发生了，说话者会因为说错话而难受。 happening by chance or accident;fortuitous. 偶尔的偶尔或意外发生的;偶尔的 nothing have happened in the interim. 在过渡期间，没发生过任何事。 a train of events happened last year. 去年发生了一系列的事情。 he happened on the book in an secondhand bookstore. 他碰巧在一家旧书店里发觉了这本书 5.over用法 1 prep. 在上边；复盖 on top of,covering 例句 i

34、 put a blanket over the sleeping child. 我在睡着的孩子身上盖了一条毯子。 he wore a thick coat over his ordinary coat. 他在一般的上衣上面又穿了一件厚外衣。 he went to sleep with a newspaper over his face. 他脸上盖着一张报纸睡着了。 2 prep. 在上方 above,higher than 例句 a lamp was hanging over the table. 桌子上方挂着一盏灯。 there is a bridge over the river. 河上有

35、 桥。 the sky is over our heads and the ground is under our feet. 我们头上是天空，脚下是大地。 3 prep. 越过；穿过 from one side to the other,across 例句 the boys climbed over the wall. 男孩子们爬过墙头。 we went over the river in a boat. 我们坐船过了河。 he jumped over the brook. 他跳过了那条小溪。 4 prep. 普及 in every part of 例句 he has travelled o

36、ver the whole country. 他已经游遍了全国。 the fog spread over the town. 雾遍全城。 5 prep. 多于；超过 more than 例句 he has lived in beijing over two years. 他住在北京已两年多了。 you have to be over 18 to see this film. 超过十八岁的人才能看这部电影。 i have had this camera over ten years. 这部照像机我已经买了十年了。 6 prep. 关于 concerning,in regard to 例句 the

37、 corporal felt very sad over the death of the boy. 下士对男孩的死感到很哀痛。 we look back over all that has happened during the last year. 我们回忆了在过去一年中所发生的一切。 7 prep. 以；用；借；借助于；由 by means of 例句 i heard the news over the radio. 我在无线电里听到了这条消息。 they are talking over the telephone. 他们在通过电话谈话。 8 prep. 在时 while 例句 ove

38、r a bottle of wine,he spoke to a friend. 他一边喝着酒一边和伴侣说话。 9 prep. 职务高于 superior in rank, office 例句 mr white is over me in the office. 怀特先生的职位比我高。 10 prep. 在期间 during,throughout 例句 over the years,he read widely. 在那些年中，他博览群书。 he came to town over the weekend. 周末他进城了。 11 adv. 横过；从一边到另一边 across 例句 lets ro

39、w over to the other side of the river. 咱们把船划到河那边去吧。 he will sail over to france. 他将渡海到法国去。 i can see henry over there. 我可以观察亨利在那儿。 12 adv. 从一处到另一处 from one place to another 例句 you must come over and see me. 你肯定要过来看看我。 i will go over to his office and have a talk with him. 我要到他办公室去找他谈一谈。 come over an

40、d see us on sunday. 星期天请到我们这里来玩吧。 13 adv. 自始至终 through, from beginning to end 例句 he thought it over. 他认真地想了想。 ill read the question over once more. 我得把问题从头到尾再读一遍。 14 adv. 重复地 in repetition 例句 read it over. 再读。 my sums were wrong and i had to do them over. 我的得数错了，我得重做。 15 adv. 向下；翻倒 down 例句 he trippe

41、d and fell over. 他绊倒了。 i slipped on the ice and fell over. 我在冰上滑倒了。 16 adv. 翻转过来 so that the other side is on top 例句 the goat rolled over,dead. 山羊翻了一个身，死了。 turn the page over and youll see a map. 把这页翻过去就可以观察一张地图。 turn your books over. 请把你们的书翻过来。 17 adv. 剩余；未用过 left, not used 例句 if theres any soup ov

42、er,we can eat it tomorrow. 假如有汤剩下，我们可以明天吃。 i gave him two glasses and still had three over. 我给了他两只玻璃杯，还余下三只玻璃杯。 five goes into eight once with three over. 五除八得一余三。 18 adv. 太；非常 too 例句 he is over polite. 他太客气了。 i do not feel over well. 我并不非常安康。 19 adv. 完了；完毕 ended, finished 例句 our holidays will soon

43、be over. 我们的假日就要完毕了。 well go out when the rain is over. 雨停了我们就出去。 school is over. 放学了。 6、表示建议指令要求的词从句要用should+动词原形 从句中的虚拟语气 在表示“坚持、“指令、“建议、“要求等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词有人归纳为“一个坚持insist、两个指令order， command、三个建议advise， suggest， propose、四个要求demand， require， request， ask，这类虚拟语气由“should+动词原形构成，其中的should在美国英语中通常可以

44、省略。如： he insisted that i should go with them. 他坚持要我同他们一起去。 he ordered that it should be sent back. 他指令把它送回去。 the doctor advised suggested that he should not smoke. 医生建议他不要抽烟。 he requires that i should appear. 他要求我出场。 【注】1 其中引导宾语从句的that通常不省略。 2 这类句子有时可用于被动构造，前面用先行词it作主语，代表后面的从句。如： it was proposed tha

45、t this matter be discussed next time. 有人提议这事下次再争论。 3 动词insist后接宾语从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区分是。如：假设谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，那么用虚拟语气；假设谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，那么要用陈述语气。比拟： he insisted that i had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。 he insisted that i should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。 4 与动词insist相像，动词suggest后接宾语从

46、句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区分也是。如：假设谓语动词所表示的状况尚未成为事实，那么用虚拟语气，此时suggest通常译为“建议；假设谓语动词所表示的状况为既成事实，那么要用陈述语气，此时 的suggest通常译为“说明、“认为。比拟并体会。如from .nmet168 ： he suggested that we should stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭。 what he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话说明他是个骗子。 i suggested that you had a secret unders

47、tanding with him. 我觉得你与他心照不宣。 5 以上动词用作名词或派生出的名词时，相应的主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句也用虚拟语气。如： his demand is that we should set off at once. 他要求我们马上动身。 he made the demand that we should set off at once. 他要求我们马上动身。 6 在现代英语中，以上动词包括其名词形式以及其派生名词有时也可不用虚拟语气但初学者宜慎用。如： her suggestion was we had our conversation in french. 她的

48、建议是我们用法语交谈。 he said that he would not be long and suggested that we waited for him. 他说他不会去很久，并建议我们等他。 形容词important， impossible， necessary等后的主语从句通常用虚拟语气。如： it is impossible that he should go home. 他不行能会回家去。 it is necessary that i should return it right now. 我有必要马上把它还回去。 【注】1 在现代英语中，有时也可不用虚拟语气而用陈述语气，但

49、初学者宜慎用。 2 在it is amazing strange， surprising， astonishing， a pity， a shame以及 i am surprised sorry 和i regret等构造后的that 从句中有时也用should，表示说话人的惊异、后悔、绝望等情感，常含有“竟然之意。如： its strange that he should be so rude. 他竟如此无礼，真是惊奇。 im surprised that he should have failed. 他竟然失败了，这使我很惊讶。 假设不用虚拟语气也可以，那么不带感情颜色，比拟： its a

50、pity that he failed the exam. 他考试没及格，真是遗憾。 its a pity that he should have failed the exam. 他考试竟没及格，真是遗憾。 7、have用法 一、have作实意动词。 1.表示“有的意思。 look, i have wings, just like you. jbl1 he had fair hair and blue eyes. jbl2 注1：其否认和疑问形式改变，在美国通常用助动词do。 注2：在英国口语中常用have got代替have. look, cant you see ive got teeth, too,jbl1 i havent got any jewelry.sbl5 2.have和一些其他名词连用，表示： 1一种活动。 we have no classes on sunday.上课jbl11 theyre going to have a vo