复习九年级Unit9

1、 When was it invented?发明；创造发明；创造计算器计算器用来做用来做勺子；勺子；v.用勺舀用勺舀可调整的可调整的脚后跟脚后跟电池电池作业；操作作业；操作电池供电的电池供电的拖鞋拖鞋加热加热;使变热使变热电灯泡；电灯电灯泡；电灯n. 电灯泡电灯泡inventcalculatorbe used forscoopadjustableheelbatteryoperatebattery-operatedslipperheatbulblight bulbUnit 9 New Words微波微波微波炉微波炉脆的；易碎的脆的；易碎的咸的；含盐的咸的；含盐的酸的；发酵的酸的；发酵的错误地错误

2、地厨师厨师 撒撒(粉末状物粉末状物)；洒；洒(液体液体)偶然地；意外地偶然地；意外地饮料饮料根据；按照根据；按照古代的；古老的古代的；古老的microwavemicrowave ovencrispysaltysourby mistakechefsprinkleby accidentbeverageaccording toancient传说；传奇故事传说；传奇故事灌木；灌木丛灌木；灌木丛落入；陷入落入；陷入保持不变；留下；余留保持不变；留下；余留注意到注意到;察觉到察觉到生产；制造生产；制造令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的令人愉快的；讨人喜欢的这样这样馅饼馅饼飞碟；飞盘飞碟；飞盘面包店面包店敲；碰撞；击敲

3、；碰撞；击与与相撞相撞分开，划分分开，划分目的，目标目的，目标篮子篮子装备，设备装备，设备legendbushfall intoremainnoticeproducepleasantin this waypieflying diskbakeryknockknock intodivideaimbasketequipment扔；掷扔；掷味道味道;风味风味柠檬柠檬饼干；曲奇饼饼干；曲奇饼算盘算盘双筒望远镜双筒望远镜世纪，百年世纪，百年顺序；级别顺序；级别活动的；活泼的；积极的活动的；活泼的；积极的在户内在户内创造；创作；创建创造；创作；创建木制的木制的金属金属 环；圈；篮圈环；圈；篮圈射击；投篮在射

4、击；投篮在. . . 下面；低于下面；低于. 篮板；背板篮板；背板指导；带领指导；带领throwtastelemoncookieabacusbinocularscenturyrankactiveindoorscreatewoodenmetalhoopshootbelowbackboardguide向着，朝着向着，朝着球场球场(使使)发展；发展；(使使)成长；成长；(使使)发达发达普及；流行普及；流行上升上升;达到较高水平等达到较高水平等上升；上涨上升；上涨(rise的过去词的过去词)世界范围的；世界性的世界范围的；世界性的协会协会装备装备;器材器材towardscourtdeveloppopu

5、larityriserisenworldwideassociationequipment1.由由发明的发明的2电池控制的拖鞋电池控制的拖鞋3.被用来做被用来做 4.被被使用使用5.错误地错误地6.足够咸足够咸7.最后最后8.的历史的历史 9一个叫一个叫的厨师的厨师 10在上面撒许多盐在上面撒许多盐11.偶然地偶然地 12.根据根据13一个古代的中国传一个古代的中国传说说be invented bybattery-operated slippersbe used for doing/be used to do sthbe used byby mistakesalty enoughin the e

6、ndthe history ofa chef calledsprinkle lots of salt on themKey phrasesby accidentaccording toan ancient Chinese legend14.在一个户外的炉子上烧水喝在一个户外的炉子上烧水喝15.附近一些灌木的叶子附近一些灌木的叶子16.落入落入17.就这样就这样18 在在20世纪世纪50年代年代19 在六世纪在六世纪 20一项古老的发明一项古老的发明21在硬木板上在硬木板上22.的安全的安全23.与与相撞相撞24.跌倒跌倒25.把把分成分成26.教某人做某事教某人做某事27.的目标的目标28引导

7、引导进入进入29人们认为人们认为boil drinking water over an open fireLeaves from a nearby bushfall into in this wayin the 1950sin the sixth centuryan ancient inventionon a hard wooden floorthe safety ofknock intofall downdivide intoteach to dothe aim ofguide into It is believed that30从那时起从那时起 31.的流行程度的流行程度32.在世界范围内

8、大大提升在世界范围内大大提升33.的数量的数量许多；大量许多；大量from thenonthe popularity ofrise worldwidethe number of a number of1. invent v. 发明发明 inventor n. 发明家发明家 invention n. 发明发明 可数名词可数名词2. be used for doing用来做用来做(是被动语态是被动语态) 如：如： Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。笔是用来写的。 Pens arent used for eating. 笔不是用来吃笔不是用来吃的。的。5. salt

9、y adj. 咸的咸的 salt n. 盐盐6. by mistake 错误地错误地 如：如：I took the umbrella by mistake. 7. make sb./sth. +形容词形容词 使使怎么样怎么样 例例 ： It made me happy. make sb do sth让让做做例例 ： It made me laugh. 8. by accident 意外意外 偶然偶然 例例 ： I met her by accident at bus stop. 9. notuntil 直到直到才做才做 例例 ： I didnt go to bed until I finish

10、ed my work.10. according to +名词名词 根据根据如：如：according to an legend根据一个神话根据一个神话 according to this article根据这篇文章根据这篇文章11. over an open fire 野饮野饮 12. leaf n. 叶子叶子 复数形式复数形式 leaves13. nearby adj. 附近的附近的 如：如：the nearby river14. fall into 落入落入 掉进掉进 如：如：The leaf fell into the river. fall down 摔倒摔倒 如：如：She fel

11、l down from her bike. 16. quite 非常非常 adv. 与冠词与冠词a连用时，冠词连用时，冠词a必必须放在它的后面须放在它的后面 如：如：quite a beautiful girl 一个漂亮的女孩一个漂亮的女孩 very 非常非常 adv. 与冠词与冠词a连用时，冠词连用时，冠词a必须放必须放在它的前面在它的前面 如：如： a very beautiful girl 一个漂亮女孩一个漂亮女孩注：注：当不与冠词当不与冠词a 连用时，两者可以互用连用时，两者可以互用 如：如：I am very happy.= I am quite happy. 17.（ in） th

12、e way 这样这样 18. pleased adj. 表示外部因素引起人发自内心的表示外部因素引起人发自内心的欣慰和愉快欣慰和愉快 pleasant adj. 愉快愉快 高兴高兴 指天气、时间、旅行令指天气、时间、旅行令人高兴愉快人高兴愉快 please v. 使高兴使高兴 使同意使同意19. batteryoperated adj. 电池控制的电池控制的 是名词是名词+动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词动词的运动分词构成的合成形容词20. in the sixth century 在第在第6世纪世纪 21. travel around 周游周游22. more than = over 超过超过

13、 如：如：more than 300 =over 300 超过超过30023. including prep. 介词介词 包括包括 可以与名词和动可以与名词和动名词连用名词连用如如: Six people, including a baby, were hurt. 24. have been played 被上演被上演 是是现在完成时的现在完成时的被动语态被动语态现在完成时的被动语态的结构：现在完成时的被动语态的结构：have /has been +过去分词过去分词25. be born 出生出生 He was born in Canada. 26. safety n. 安全安全 safe a

14、dj. 安全的安全的27. knock into 撞上撞上(某人某人)28. divide sth. into 将将划分成划分成.通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分通常指将一个整体分成几个对应相对的部分 如：如：Lets divide ourselves into 4groups. 29. since then 自从那以后自从那以后 常与常与完成时完成时 态连用态连用 如：如： Since then, I have left Beijing. 检查词汇检查词汇1.Edison,the great has _ over 1000 in his life.(发明发明)2.The flowers

15、 gave off a p smell.3. I like the food that tastes (脆的脆的)4. (根据根据) to Chinese legend, Shen Nong (发发明明) tea.5.Many young people dream of (成为成为) basketball players.6.Potato chips were invented _. (错误地错误地) inventorinventedinventionsleasantcrispy Accordingdiscoveredbecomingby mistake7.We are proud of th

16、e ancient Chinese four _ (发明发明)8. He _ (撒撒) lots of salt on them so they were really salty.9. They are used for _ (看见看见) in the dark.10. The world _ (分为分为) seven continents .11. These trees _ (生产生产) rubber which is important to us. inventionssprinkledseeing is divided produceThe passive voice. 英语中动词

17、有主动语态和被动语态两英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态种语态. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者, 在在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表短语表示出来示出来.被动语态的被动语态的:助动词助动词be+ (及物及物动词的动词的) 过去分词过去分词 一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在完成时：现在完成时：含情态动词：含情态动词：am (is, are) + done was (were) + done will+ be donehav

18、e/has been donecan/may/must +be done三、被动语态的用法三、被动语态的用法1. 不知动作执行者时不知动作执行者时,常用被动语态常用被动语态.eg.昨天我的自行车被盗了。昨天我的自行车被盗了。My bike was stolen yesterday. 这辆车在美国制造这辆车在美国制造 This car is made in American.2. 不必要说出动作执行者时不必要说出动作执行者时,常用被动语态。常用被动语态。eg. Rome was not built in a day.3. 为了突出强调动作的承受者时为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态常用被动

19、语态.eg.成千上万的沙滩被污染了成千上万的沙滩被污染了 Thousands of beaches are polluted .4 、汉语中的、汉语中的“被、受、由被、受、由”等词译成英文时；等词译成英文时；e.g. 1.They make trains in Zhuzhou . (主动语态 ) Trains _ in Zhuzhou. (被动语态) 2.The farmers grow cotton every year. Cotton _ by the farmers every year. 3.Many people speak English. English _ by many pe

20、ople. are madeis grownis spoken 助动词助动词be +及物动词动词的过去分词及物动词动词的过去分词被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成：注意注意: (be 有人称、时态和数的变化有人称、时态和数的变化)1. Trees _ ( plant ) by us in spring every year.2. The house _( build ) last year. 3. Li Ming will _ ( ask ) to attend the lecture.4. He has _ ( send ) to work in Guangzhou.5 The work _ (

21、 finish ) when I got there.are plantedExercises:was builtbe askedbeen senthad been finished主动语态变为被动语态的步骤主动语态变为被动语态的步骤:1. 把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语.2. 把主动句的谓语动词变为把主动句的谓语动词变为be + 动词的过去分词动词的过去分词的形式的形式.3. 把主动句的主语变为被动句中把主动句的主语变为被动句中by后面的宾语后面的宾语（可以省略）。（可以省略）。注意：注意： 主动句变为被动句后，被动句的时态必须主动句变为被动句后，被动句的时态必

22、须与主动句的句式、时态保持一致。与主动句的句式、时态保持一致。People play football all over the world.Football is played (by people) all over the world.变被动语态时需要注意的事项变被动语态时需要注意的事项 一变一变 二套二套 三注意三注意宾变主，宾变主，主变宾，宾语前面主变宾，宾语前面byby跟，谓语动词变过去分词，跟，谓语动词变过去分词，不不忘前面忘前面bebe动词跟动词跟套时态，主被动时态一致套时态，主被动时态一致注意因人称的变化而引起的注意因人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。主谓一致问题。四、主动语态

23、变为被动语态的步骤四、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤: They speak English. 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语English is spoken by them.主语主语 谓语动词的过去分词谓语动词的过去分词 宾语宾语(1)主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。(2)主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语动词，即动词，即”“”“be+及物动词的过去分及物动词的过去分词词”(be有时态、人称和数的变化有时态、人称和数的变化)。(3)主动语态的主语变为主动语态的主语变为by的宾语。的宾语。主动语态变为被动语态的步骤主动语态变

24、为被动语态的步骤把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子：1、They speak English in Canada .2、People used wood for making tables. English is spoken in Canada(by them).Wood was used for making tables.将下列句子由将下列句子由主变为被主变为被或由或由被变为主被变为主1)Zheng Jie invented this special pen.变被动句变被动句 2)The bike was fixed up by Jimmy. 变主动句变主动句

25、3) People use sunglasses to protect their eyes.4) Teachers allow students to put up hands in class.This special pen was invented Zheng Jie. Jimmy fixed up the bikeSunglasses are used (by people) to protect eyes.Students are allowed (by teachers) to put up hands in class.1.I open the door.The door is

26、 opened by me.2.He often helps homeless people.Homeless people are often helped by him.3.I handed out some papers just now.Some papers were handed out by me just now.主动语态:主语主语是动作的执行者执行者。被动语态:主语主语是动作的承受者承受者。被动语态结构为：(主动语态)(主动语态)(主动语态)(被动语态)(被动)(被动语态)be+过去分词过去分词将下列句子变为被动语态。将下列句子变为被动语态。变被动语态的特殊情况变被动语态的特

27、殊情况 一、双宾语一、双宾语buy/make sb sth=buy/make sth for sbgive sb sth =give sth to sb1.My father bought me a computer.A computer was bought for me by my father.I was bought a computer by my father.2.He gives me a book.A book is given to me by him.I am given a book by him二、无二、无toto不定式不定式 一感一感 二二听听 三让三让 四看四看fe

28、ellisten to.hearlet.have.makewatch. see.look at. notice变为被动时加上变为被动时加上toeg. We often see him play basketball.He is often seen to play basketball by us.The boss made the children work for long.The children were made to workwere made to work for long by the boss.Exercises：把下列句子变为被动语态把下列句子变为被动语态1. The p

29、oliceman caught the man just now.3. He will finish the letter soon.4. They made little Tom walk up and down.5. His friends often laugh at him.6. They see the tall man go into the house in his class.Answers:1. The man was caught by the policeman just now.3. The letter will be finished soon.4. Little

30、Tom was made to walk up and down.5. He is often laughed at by his friends.6. The tall man is seen to go into the house in his class.四、无被动语态的动词。四、无被动语态的动词。 不及物动词及系动词不及物动词及系动词 happen take place die rise come true come outeg.1. An accident (happen) just now.happened 2. Im sure that my dream .(come true

31、) some day in the futurewill come true常用的被动语态短语常用的被动语态短语be made of from intobe used to do for doing as由由-制成的制成的看出原材料看出原材料看不出原材料看不出原材料原材料制成成品原材料制成成品be filled withbe covered witheg. 1.Paper is made wood.from 2.Tables are made wood. 3.Wood is made paper and tables.ofinto被用来-被用作被用作用-充满被-覆盖 The alarm clo

32、ck is one of the most annoying _ （发明）. 2 The scoops_ (use) for having soup. = The scoops_ _(use) _ have soup. 3The alarm clock is used for_ _ _ （叫醒我） The potato chips were invented by a chef. _ _the potato chips _by? By _ _the potato chips _ ? 5The telephone was invented in 1876. _ _the telephone _

33、?达标练习inventions are used are used to waking me upWho were inventedwhom were inventedWhen was invented 重点句子1汽车是什么时候发明的?它是在1885年发明的。2电动拖鞋是什么时候发明的？是去年发明的。3他们是由谁发明的？他们是由朱莉发明的。4他们是用来做什么的？他们是用来在黑暗中视物的。When was the car invented? It was invented in 1885.When were electric slippers invented?They were invente

34、d last year.Who were they invented by?They were invented by Julie.What are they used for?They are used for seeing in the dark.5你认为什么发明最有用？我认为最有用的发明是灯泡。它给人们每天更多的时间去工作和玩耍。6你知道薯条是由于差错而被发明出来的吗？7附近灌木丛上的叶子落到了水里并在那呆了一段时间8皇帝注意到水里的叶子发出了令人愉悦的香味。What do you think is the most helpful invention?I think the most

35、helpful invention is the light bulb.It gives people more time to work and play every day.Do you know potato chips were invented by mistake? Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. The emperor noticed that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell.

36、9她喜欢酥饼。他们硬、干且易碎。10 你知道篮球什么时候发明的吗11运动员相撞和摔倒会很危险。12许多年轻人梦想成为著名的篮球运动员。13从那时起，篮球的流行度在世界范围内提升。14人们认为在1891年12月21日，历史上第一次篮球赛举行了She likes crispy cookies.They are hard,dry and easily broken.Do you know when basketball was invented?Knocking into players and falling down would be dangerous.Many young people dr

37、eam of becoming famous basketball players.Since then,the popularity of baskerball has risen worldwide.It is believed that on December 21st,1891,the first basketball game in history was played.五、被动语态的时态表示五、被动语态的时态表示 被动语态的时态一般只通过被动语态的时态一般只通过be表现表现, 过去分词过去分词 不变。例如：不变。例如：一般现在时一般现在时: The trees are plante

38、d by the farmers.一般过去时一般过去时: The trees were planted by the farmers.现在进行时现在进行时: The trees are being planted by the farmers.一般将来时：一般将来时：The trees will be planted by the farmers.现在完成时：现在完成时：The trees have been planted by the farmers.含情态动词的被动语态：含情态动词的被动语态：The trees can (must,should) be planted by the fa

39、rmers.1. be used for doing意为意为“被用来被用来”,强强调用途或作用。调用途或作用。 be used as 意为意为”被当作被当作来用来用”，强调，强调被当作工具或手段来用。被当作工具或手段来用。 be used by 意为意为“被被使用，强调使用者。使用，强调使用者。e.g. The big box is used as a table. The car is used by our manager. Key points2. Invent v，意为，意为“发明，创造发明，创造”。 invention n，“发明，发明物发明，发明物” inventor n, “发明

40、者发明者”4. annoying adj. 讨厌的讨厌的, 恼人的恼人的 (往往指事物往往指事物)e.g. How annoying it is! 真讨厌。真讨厌。 annoyed adj. 生气的生气的, 恼怒的恼怒的 (往往指人往往指人)e.g. My father is annoyed with me. 爸爸在生我气。爸爸在生我气。6. alone adj. 意为意为“单独的单独的”, 不带感情色彩。不带感情色彩。e.g. When his wife died, he lived alone. lonely adj. 意为意为“孤独的孤独的, 寂寞的寂寞的”e.g. He feels l

41、onely when he is alone. lonely 指地方时表示指地方时表示“荒凉的荒凉的, 偏僻的偏僻的”e.g. The old man lives in a lonely small village.7. It is better (for sb.)to do sth “最好最好做做“，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。正的主语。e.g. It is better for you to walk to school.It is better to do sth=had better do sth8. mistake 作名词作名词 “错误，误会错误

42、，误会”。作动词。作动词 “弄错，弄错，犯错犯错”。常见形式有：。常见形式有：make a mistake 出错出错e.g. You have made a mistake here.mistakefor 错把错把当作当作 They mistook him for his brother. by mistake 错误地错误地 e.g. They sent the letter to me by mistake. 9. make表示表示“使使怎么样怎么样”，其后常带复，其后常带复合宾语。合宾语。常见结构为：常见结构为：主语主语+make+宾语宾语+名词名词/形容词形容词(做宾补做宾补)。例如：。

43、例如：The boss can make the young man a rich man.10. by accident “偶然地，碰巧偶然地，碰巧”。同义词组。同义词组 是是by chance，同义词是，同义词是accidentally, 反义反义 词组是词组是on purpose. e.g. He found a new way to solve the problem by accident.11. although 作连词作连词, 意为意为 “虽然虽然,尽管尽管”, 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句, 我们不能根据汉语习惯我们不能根据汉语习惯, 在后面使用连词在后面使用连词but,

44、不过它可以与不过它可以与yet, still连用连用; 若主从句的主语相同若主从句的主语相同, 且从句谓语含有动词且从句谓语含有动词be, 可将从句主语和动词可将从句主语和动词be省略。省略。e.g. Although he is very busy, he always talks with us.12, notuntil 意为意为 “直到直到才才” until /till 引导一个时间状语从句。引导一个时间状语从句。 I did not go to bed until I finished my homework. I waited for her untill/till 10 last

45、night.13. according to 是短语介词是短语介词,意为意为 “根据根据;依照依照”后接代词后接代词,名词或由疑问词以及名词或由疑问词以及whether引出的名词性从句。引出的名词性从句。e.g. According to the radio, it will rain tomorrow.14. discover意为意为“发现发现”，指发现的对象是，指发现的对象是 本来存在的。本来存在的。 find意为意为“找到找到”，强调结果。，强调结果。 invent意为意为“发明发明”，发明的对象是以前没，发明的对象是以前没 有的东西。有的东西。15. Some leaves from

46、a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time.(1) nearby adj. “附近的附近的“，e.g. He works in a nearby factory.(2)leaf 的复数形式为的复数形式为leaves(3)remain 表示表示 “继续留在某处继续留在某处” e.g. How long will you remain here? (4) fall into “落入落入, 陷入陷入”e.g. He was drunk and fell into the water16. I prefer le

47、mons to oranges. prefer是动词，意为是动词，意为“更喜欢更喜欢”，常可与，常可与like better, instead进行替换。进行替换。 常见句式有常见句式有 prefer A to B prefer doing to doing prefer to do /doing prefer to do A rather than do B. 例如：例如： I would prefer playing outside to watching TV. I prefer to go to the movie rather than stay at home. 17. broken

48、为为 break的过去分词，相当于形容的过去分词，相当于形容 词的作用，意为词的作用，意为“碎了的碎了的 ，坏了的，坏了的”,可作可作 定语或表语。例如：定语或表语。例如： be broken. There is some broken glass on the ground. Be careful of the glass broken by the cat.21. shoot-shot-shot(1) shoot做及物动词，意为做及物动词，意为“投球，射中，射死投球，射中，射死”。e.g. He shot a hare. He was shot in the leg.(2) shoot a

49、t “瞄准瞄准“e.g. He shot at a bird and killed it.22. knock into 意为“与相撞”。 另外knock at/ on 敲（门、窗等）knock down 撞到、打到knock out 撞出、敲出knock into 将打进1. develop development developing developed a. Education is an important part of our . b. The experience helps to their ability. c. America develops very fast. It is a country. d. But China is a country.2. popular popularity a. Basketball is a very activity.b. The of basketball has risen worldwide. developdevelopment d