新视野大学英语第四册第八单元

1、Unit 8 Slavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 MENUI. ObjectivesII. PreviewIII. Leading-inIV. Section A-TextV. Answers to ExercisesVI. Extensive TasksVII. Testing Yourself VIII. Homework NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 I: Objectives MENUObjectivesStudents would: 1. be able to successfully finish listening,

2、speaking, reading and writing tasks related to the theme racial harmony, with the help of theme vocabulary.2. improve the accuracy of their spoken and written output, thanks to theme words and expressions.3. improve the fluency of their spoken output during the completion of the chains of tasks.4. u

3、nderstand the value of racial harmony. NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 II: PreviewMENUWhat do you know about Abraham Lincoln and Martin Luther King? NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 II: PreviewMENUAbraham Lincoln NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 II: PreviewMENUAbraham Lincoln, the 16th president of the United States, guided his country through the

4、most devastating experience in its national history-the Civil War. He is considered by many historians to have been the greatest American president. NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 II: PreviewMENUMartin Luther King, Jr. NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 II: PreviewMENUDr. Martin Luther King Jr. was a man born on January 15, 1929 in

5、Atlanta, Georgia. He was the most famous leader of the American civil rights movement. He won the Nobel Peace Prize and Presidential Medal of Freedom before being assassinated in 1968. For his promotion of non-violence and racial equality, he is considered a peacemaker by many people around the worl

6、d. Martin Luther King Day was made in his honor. NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 II: PreviewMENURacial Humor Read the following story and discuss. 白人隔壁搬来了黑人邻居。一天，当黑人在自家草坪除草的时候，白人应声出来监视他。此后，每当从黑人那里经过，总会听到黑人笑着对他说: Im better than you. 最后，白人恼怒地朝他嚷道：“你凭什么总说你过得比我好？”黑人回答道: Because I dont have a nigger living next to me. N

7、HCE-BIV-Unit 8 II: PreviewMENUWhat can you get from the story? discrimination against black people racism nigger: a disparaging term for a black person sharpness and sarcasm in this racial humor NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 II: PreviewMENUThinkQuotation from Americas Constitution: How do you understand the follo

8、wing words? We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.Unit 8 Slavery Gave Me Nothing to LoseMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in MEN

9、U NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Oprah Winfrey 奥普拉温弗雷 famous talk show hostess in America MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Condoleezza Rice 康多莉扎赖斯 the first African-American woman to become the US secretary of stateMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Halle Berry 哈利贝瑞 the first African American

10、 woman won the title of best Oscar actressMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Venus Williams 大威廉姆斯 Serena Williams 小威廉姆斯 famous tennis playersMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Toni Morrison 托尼莫里森 the first African American won the Noble Prize for LiteratureMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Br

11、ainstorming Work in your four-people group and try to come up with as many expressions on racial issues as possible.MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in References:1) racism2) racial discrimination3) racial segregation4) genocide5) racial equality6) colored race/colored people7) human rights8) anti-

12、racism9) nigger10) stereotypeMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Enjoy the ComicMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Have you ever heard of Racial Harmony Day? to promote harmony among different racesMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 III: Leading-in Discussion What is racial harmony? Do you have friends from ot

13、her races? How well do you know them? Why is racial harmony important in China? Unit 8 Slavery Gave Me Nothing to LoseMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text I was made to realize that I was a little black girl. My family background of having slave forefathers and my color didnt give me the feeling

14、of being inferior to the white. I didnt feel the difference between the black and the white when I was a little girl. 1. Structure of TextPara.1-3Para. 4Para. 5-7MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text Reference Words: hid behind, looked through, cautiously 2. Questions to Comprehension1) What did t

15、he timid people do when the Northern travelers went through the town? (Para.1)MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text Reference Words:Reference Words:a stage, actors, a play 2) What does the word “show” in Paragraph 2 mean? Who were the “actors”? (Para.2)MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text Refer

16、ence Words:Reference Words:different ways of greetings; misunderstanding, inappropriate responses3) Why does the author say there was a strange exchange of greetings? (Para.2)MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text Reference Words:Reference Words:wanted to sing and dance; discouragement rather than

17、encouragement4) Why did the author feel it strange to be given money when she was singing and dancing? (Para.3)MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text Reference Words:Reference Words:thirteen, left her hometown 5) When was the author aware of the fact that she was black? (Para.4)MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8

18、 IV: Section A-Text Reference Words:Reference Words:not emotionally disturbed, felt good about herself6) What does the author mean by saying that “it fails to register depression with me”? (Para.5)MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text Reference Words:Reference Words:a brown bag of mixed items prop

19、ped up against a wall7) What does the author compare herself to? (Para.7)MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text Reference Words:Reference Words:common objects; share something in common8) What is the authors point in describing in detail the contents of the bags? (Para.7)MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Se

20、ction A-Text exclusivelypeertendencypermanentregisteralter3. Key Words MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 1) exclusively:There is now a trend away from an exclusively curriculum towards teaching more practical subjects in schools. 现在很多学校出现了由自由教授纯理论的课程向教授更实用的学科的趋势。The selfish man looks out for h

21、imself exclusively.那自私的人只顾照顾他自己。adv. involving only the things mentioned, and nothing else 独有地，排他地MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text exclusive: adj. 独有的，独占的e.g. These experts have exclusive use of the office and the equipment. 这间办公室及设备专供这些专家使用。MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 2) peer:v.

22、look closely or carefully, esp. not able to see clearly 凝视；仔细看 He peered closely at the tag to see the picture. 他仔细看标签以辨认价格。 He stood beside her peering up at the clear sky. 他站在她的身边，凝视着晴空。 peep v. 窥视；偷看MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 3)tendency:n. if sb. or sth. has a particular tendency, th

23、eyare likely to behave or act in a particular way趋势He has a strong tendency towards caution. 他生来十分谨慎小心。This material has a tendency to shrink when washed.这种材料水洗时会缩水。MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 4)permanent:adj. lasting for a long time 永久的permanent injuries 永久性损伤Are you looking for a tempo

24、rary or a permanent job?你想找一个临时的还是长期的工作？temporary adj. 临时的，暂时的MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 5)register:v. show or express a feeling 显出，流露 Her face registered disapproval. 她的脸上露出不同意的神情。The surprise and shock registered on Owens face were so real that even I would have thought them genuine.

25、欧文脸上流露出的诧异和震惊的表情是那么真实，连我都差点信以为真。MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text register:v. show or record an amount on an instrument 记录 The earthquake registered 3 on Richter scale. 地震为里氏三级。MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 6)alter:v. become different 改变She had altered so much I scarcely recognized h

26、er.她的变化很大，我几乎认不出她来了。The incident altered the whole course of events. 这件事改变了整个事件的进程。MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 直到仔细看，凝视顺便中断因为，在于给，提供不赞同，不喜欢属于4. Useful Expressions up to peer at in passing break offin that give of sth. disapprove of belong to MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 在手边，在近

27、旁为付出代价基本上，大体上支撑，支持与一起在某种程度上，或多或少4. Useful Expressions at ones elbow pay a price forin the mainprop up in company with more or lessMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 1) up to：until MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 2) peer at：look closely or carefullyMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text

28、 3) in passing：by the way; casuallyMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 4) break off：end, esp. suddenly MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 5) in that：for the reason that; becauseMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 6) at ones elbow：nearby, close byMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 7

29、) in the main：in general; on the wholeMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 8) prop up： support an object by leaning it against sth. help sht. that is having difficultiesMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 1) They liked to hear me “speak pieces” and sing and wanted to see me dance, and gave me

30、 generously of their small silver for doing these things, which seemed strange to me for I wanted to do them so much that needed bribing to stop. (L21) They liked to hear me say something to them and sing and wanted to see me dance, and were willing to give me money more than expected for doing thes

31、e things. This seemed unusual and unexpected to me as I liked very much to talk to them, and to sing and dance for them to the degree that if they were to ask me to stop doing so they would have to pay me. 5. Key and Difficult Sentences他们喜欢听我“说几句”，听我唱歌，看我跳舞，并为此大方地给我小银币。这倒使我感到意外，因为我太愿意给他们“说上几句”，为他们唱歌

32、跳舞，得给我钱才能使我停下来。MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 2) They disapproved of any joyful tendencies in me, but I was their Zora nevertheless. (L27) They didnt like me to reveal any of my inner desire to show happiness or pleasure, but I was still one of them. 对我表现出的任何一点欢乐的苗头，他们都不赞同，但是我仍然是他们呢的佐拉。MENU

33、 NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 3) In my heart as well as in the mirror, I became a permanent brown - like the best shoe polish, guaranteed not to rub nor run. (L33) The writer is saying that her color is fixed and will not come off on anything adjacent, as the best brown shoe polish might do. W

34、hat she intends to say is that she is now a person mature enough to stand between the white and the black. 不仅在镜中，也在内心深处，我变成了永远不黑不白的棕色人 - 就像那最好的鞋油，不会被抹掉，也永不褪色。MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 4) The terrible war that made me an American instead of a slave said “On the line!”. The period follow

35、ing the Civil War said “Get set!”; and the generation before me said “Go!”. Like a foot race, I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the middle to look behind and weep. (L37) These lines summarize the history of the black people in which they struggled for freedom and enjoyed the freedom.

36、 The author intends to express the feeling that she is proud of her career success and should not pause to worry over forefathers fate in the past. off adv. 出发；起跑e.g. I must be off soon. 我马上就得走了。MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 5) I do not always feel colored. Even now I often achieve the unc

37、onscious Zora of that small village, Eatonville. (L46) 我没有老是感到自己是有色人种。甚至现在我感觉自己还是伊顿维尔小镇上懵然无知的佐拉。 I am not always aware of the fact that I am black. Sometimes I even feel that I am still the nave little girl of the small village, Eatonville, not having any fear or worry.MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Secti

38、on A-Text 6) Pour out the contents, and there is discovered a pile of small things both valuable and worthless. (L52) This is an inverted sentence. If you pour out the contents, a pile of small things both valuable and worthless are discovered. MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 7) On the groun

39、d before you is the pile it held - so much like the piles in other bags, could they emptied, that all might be combined and mixed in a single heap and the bags refilled without altering the content of any greatly. (L56) 前面的地上是袋中所装的那堆东西，它与其他袋子中所倒出的一堆堆东西几乎一模一样，如果把它们混成一大堆，再重新装回各自的袋中，也不会有多大的不同。 could th

40、ey be emptied, This is an inverted sentence with the omission of “if”, equal to “if they could be emptied”.MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 IV: Section A-Text 8) Perhaps that is how the Great Stuffer of Bags filled them in the first place - who knows? (L59) Here the Great Stuffer of Bags probably refers to God,

41、 and many unexplainable things can be attributed to God. Why not accept it as it is? Everyone is equal. Maybe at the very beginning the creator of nature loves the world to be the way it is. Unit 8 Slavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to ExercisesMENU Zoras hometown had an/a _

42、Negro population and non-blacks were only ever seen passing _ by the natives. The inhabitants _ the Southerners ride through while continuing to casually _ sugar cane. Northerners, however, drove automobiles and _ different to Negro eyes. Most of the native blacks peered out of the window _ them _ o

43、nly the bravest _ courageous enough to stand outside and watch the strange tourists go _. 1.SummaryB. entirelyD. throughA. watchedD. chewC. appearedA. atB. whileB. wereC. past NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to ExercisesMENU An _ girl named Zora enjoyed talking with the Northerners _, when she _ at them,

44、 often stopped. She would happily chat _ the strangers, while _ them part of the way _ the road, _ a family member appeared out of the house _ which point the chat would be abruptly discontinued. _ her at that time white people and black were _ unalike to the _ that whites did not live in her town.

45、D. unusualA. whoC. wavedA. withB. accompanyingD. downC. unlessB. atA. ToC. onlyD. extent NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to ExercisesMENU2. Translation读写教程读写教程 IV: Up to yesterday, we had no idea whether the war would break out or not. NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to ExercisesMENUSomeone is always at my el

46、bow reminding me that I am a descendent of slaves, but it fails to register depression with me. 2. 身边身边总有人不断总有人不断使我想到使我想到自己是个奴隶的自己是个奴隶的后代，但这并后代，但这并没有使我沮丧没有使我沮丧。 fail to register depression with meat ones elbow remind me that NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to ExercisesMENU3. 我不想给你们讲那个故事，我只是我不想给你们讲那个故事，我只

47、是顺便顺便说起说起的。的。 mention I do not want to tell you that story; I have just mentioned that in passing. in passing NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to ExercisesMENU4. 比起你的计划，我更喜欢他的计划比起你的计划，我更喜欢他的计划，因为因为我觉得他的计划更实际。我觉得他的计划更实际。 in thatI prefer his plan to yours in that I think it is more practical. I prefer his p

48、lan to yours NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to ExercisesMENU5. 她脸上流露的不同意的神情她脸上流露的不同意的神情是那么真实，是那么真实，连我都差点连我都差点信以为真信以为真。 The disapproval registered on her face was so real that even I would have thought it genuine. think it genuinethe disapproval registered on her face NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to Exerci

49、sesMENU6. 他们与那家公司他们与那家公司中断生意来往中断生意来往，因为公司，因为公司上一个财政年度上一个财政年度损失惨重损失惨重, , 已经已经破产破产了了。 They broke off the business relations with that company as it suffered huge losses in the last financial year and went bankrupt. break off the business relationssuffer huge lossesgo bankrupt NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answer

50、s to ExercisesMENU7. 也许那就是也许那就是当初为进步而付出的代价当初为进步而付出的代价，谁知道呢？谁知道呢？ Perhaps this was the price that has to be paid for the progress in the first place who knows?in the first placethe price that has to be paid for the progress NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 V: Answers to ExercisesMENU8. 她她准备行李准备行李时时, , 行李包里的物品行李包里的物品被

51、装进被装进拿出好几次拿出好几次。 When she was preparing her luggage, the bag was emptied and refilled several times. prepare ones luggagebe emptied and refilled several timesUnit 8 Slavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VI: Extensive Tasks MENUDiscussion In-Class NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VI: Extensive Tasks MENU A

52、saying goes like this, “Dont judge a person by appearance.” Do you think it is fair that a company should hire a person based on his/her skin color? Why?Unit 8 Slavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VI: Extensive Tasks MENUAfter-Class I Have a Dream NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VI: Extensive Tasks MENU

53、Recite Martin Luther Kings speech “I Have a Dream” and get ready for a reciting contest.Unit 8 Slavery Gave Me Nothing to LoseMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VII: Testing YourselfTranslate the following into English. 1)占据国内舞台的中心 2)为所付的代价 3)使某人沮丧 4)顺便 5)飞速起跑 6)或多或少 7)因为，在于 8)正好赶上做某事 9)从中获得乐趣 more or less 1. Exp

54、ressions hold the center of the national stage pay the price for in passing register depression in thatbe in time to do sth. be off to a flying start get the pleasure out of MENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VII: Testing Yourself1. No one imagined that the apparently _ businessman was really a criminal . A. resp

55、ective B. respectable C. respectful D. realistic2. Depression is often caused by the _ effects of stress and overwork. A. total B. increased C. terrific D. cumulative2. Choose the best one:B. respectableD. cumulativeMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VII: Testing Yourself3. All things are interrelated and _ with

56、each other. A. interact B. react C. interpret D. intervene4. He _ the old lady into signing the paper. A. frightened B. froze C. brightened D. madeA. interactA. frightenedMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VII: Testing Yourself5. Cultural _ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation

57、 to another. A. translation B. transition C. transmission D. transaction6. Beef_ tastes very perfect. A. extract B. extraction C. extractor D. extraB. transitionA. extractMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VII: Testing Yourself7. You _ her in her office last Friday; Shes been out of town for two weeks. A. neednt

58、have seen B. might have seen C. must have seen D. cant have seen8. They will surrender to the enemy _. A. in no way B. in a way C. in the way D. on the wayD. cant have seenA. in no wayMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VII: Testing Yourself9. Cancer is second only _heart disease as a cause of death. A. of B.to C.

59、with D. from10. She is beginning to get _ round her eyes. A. wrestles B. wretch C. wring D. wrinklesB. toD. wrinklesMENU NHCE-BIV-Unit 8 VII: Testing Yourself3. Compound DictationAs a young girl in a _ town, Zora had no white neighbors and to her white people were only different _they traveled through her hometown but didnt live there. However, when she arrived at Jacksonville she _.She was no longe