职称英语教材-理工类ABC级-完形填空15篇

1、第一篇 Captain Cook Arrow Legend It was a great legend while it lasted，but DNA testing has finally ended a two-century-old story of the Hawaiian arrow carved from the bone of British explorer Captain James Cook who died in the Sandwich Islandsin 1779. “There is no Cook in the Australian Museum，mus

2、eum collection manager Jude Philip said not long ago in announcing the DNA evidence that the arrow was not made of CookS bone.But that will not stop the museum from continuing to display the arrow in its exhibition ，“Uncovered：Treasures of the Australian Museum,” which does include a feather cape pr

3、esented to Cook by Hawaiian King Kalaniopuu in 1778. Cook was one of Britains great explorers and is credited with discovering the“Great South Land，" now Australia, in 1 770.He was clubbed to death in the Sandwich Islands，now Hawaii。The 1egend of Cooks arrow began in 1824 when Hawaiian King Kam

4、ehameha on his deathbed gave the arrow to William Adams，a London surgeon and relative of Cooks wife，saying it was made of Cooks bone after the fatal fight with islanders. In the 1890s the arrow was given to the Australian Museum and the legend continued until it came face=to-face with science. DNA t

5、esting by laboratories in Australia and New Zealand revealed the arrow was not made of Cooks bone but was more likely  made of animal bone。said Philp. However, Cooks fans refuse to give up hope that one Cook legend will prove true and that part of his remains will still be uncovered.as they say

6、 there is evidence not a11 of Cooks body was buried at sea in 1 779.“On this occasion technology has won"，”said Cliff Thornton，president of the Captain Cook Society, in a statement from Britain.“But I am sure that one of these daysone of the Cook legends will prove to be true and it will h

7、appen one day. 第二篇 Avalanche and Its Safety An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are among the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically sn

8、owpack, that is too massive and unstable for the slope that supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is likely to cause an avalanche, is a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors. Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degree

9、s typically have a low risk of avalanche. Snow does not gather significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not flow easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow's angle of rest is between 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which

10、the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38 degrees. The rule of thumb is: A slope that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche, regardless of the angle. Additionally, avalanche risk increases with use ; that is, the more a slope is dis

11、turbed by skiers, the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur. Due to the complexity of the subject, winter travelling in the backcountry is never 100% safe. Good avalanche safety is a continuous process , including route selection and examination of the snowpack, weather conditions , and hum

12、an factors. Several well-known good habits can also reduce the risk. If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports, they should be considered and all warnings should be paid attention to. Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations; snow conditions are almost certain to hav

13、e changed since they were made. Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are （15）missing or damaged. Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.第三篇Giant StructuresIt is an impossible task to select the most amazing wonders of the modern world since every yea

14、r more 1 wonderful constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are worthy of our 2 admiration although they may have been surpassed by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin Towers1The Petronas Towers were the tallest buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. With

15、a 3 height of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur2. At the 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American 4 architect Cesar Pelli designed the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete, the

16、 building provides around l, 800 square metres of office space 5 on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall at the base. Other 6 features of this impressive building include double-decker lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.The Millau Bridge3The Millau Bridge was opened in 2004

17、 in the Tarn Valley, in southern France. 7 At the time it was built, it was the world's highest bridge, 8 reaching over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to 9 relieve Millau's congestion problems. The

18、congestion was then caused by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to withstand the 10 most extreme seismic and climatic conditions. Besides, it is guaranteed for 120 years!The Itaipu Dam4 The Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of i

19、ts kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana5, 11 which forms a natural border betweenBrazil6 and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried out as a joint project between the two 12 countries . The dam is well-known for b

20、oth its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% 0f Paraguay's and 25% 0f Brazil's 13 energy needs. In its construction, the 14 amount of iron and steel used was equivalent to over 300 Eiffel Towers8. It is a 15 truly amazing wonder of engineering.第四篇 Animals “Sixth Sense” A

21、tsunami was triggered by an earthquake in the Indian Ocean in December, 2004. It killed tens of thousands of people in Asia and East Africa. Wild animals, （1）however, seem to have escaped that terrible tsunami. This phenomenon adds weight to notions that I they possess a “sixth sense” for （2）disaste

22、rs, experts said. Sri Lankan wildlife officials have said the giant waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean islands coast clearly （3）missed wild beasts, with no dead animals found. “No elephants are dead, not （4）even dead rabbit. I think animals can （5）sense disaster. They have a

23、 sixth sense. They know when things are happening.” H.D. Ratnayake, deputy director of Sri Lankas Wildlife Department, said about one month after the tsunami attack. The （6）waves washed floodwaters up to 2 miles inland at Yala National Park in the ravaged southeast, Sri Lankas biggest wildlife （7）re

24、serve and home to hundreds of wild elephants and several leopards. “There has been a lot of （8）apparent evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes. But it has not been proven,” said Matthew van Lierop an animal behavior（9）specialist at Johannesburg Zoo. “

25、There have been no （10）specific studies because you cant really test it in a lab or field setting2,” he told Reuters. Other authorities concurred with this （11）assessment. “Wildlife seem to be able to pick up certain （12）phenomenon, especially birds there are many reports of birds detecting impendin

26、g disasters,” said Clive Walker, who has written several books on African wildlife. Animals （13）certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators. The notion of an animal “sixth sense”-or （14）some other mythical power-is an enduring one3 which the evidence

27、 on Sri Lankas ravaged coast is likely to add to. The Romans saw owls （15）as omens of impending disaster and many ancient cultures viewed elephants as sacred animals endowed with special powers or attributes.第五篇 Singing Alarms Could Save the BlindIf you cannot see, you may not be able to find your w

28、ay out of a burning building - and that could be fatal. A company in Leeds could change all that （1）with directional sound alarms capable if guiding you to the exit.Sound Alert, a company （2）run by the University of Leeds, is installing the alarms in a residential home for （3）blind people in Sommers

29、et and a resource centre for the blind in Cumbria.（4）The alarms produce a wide range of frequencies that enable the brain to determine where the （5）sound is coming from.Deborah Withington of Sound Alert says that the alarms use most of the frequencies that can be （6）heard by humans. “Its a burst of

30、white noise （7）that people say sounds like static on the radio,”she says. “Its life-saving potential is great.”She conducted an experiment in which people were filmed by thermalimaging cameras trying to find their way out of a large （8）smoke-filled room. It （9）took them nearly four minutes to find t

31、he door （10）without a sound alarm, but only 15 seconds with one.Withington studies how the brain （11）processes sounds at the university. She says that the （12）source of a wide band of frequencies can be pinpointed more easily than the source of a narrow band. Alarms （13）based on the same concept hav

32、e already been installed on emergency vehicles.The alarms will also include rising or falling frequencies to indicate whether people should go up （14）or down stairs. They were（15）developed with the aid of a large grant from British Nuclear Fuels.第六篇 Car Thieves could Be Stopped Remotely Speeding off

33、 in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in a nasty surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine 1 off , he will not be able to start it again. For now, such

34、 devices 2 are only available for fleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used on construction sites. But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars, and 3 should be available to ordinary cars in the UK 4 in two months. The idea goes like this. A control box

35、fitted to the carincorporates 5 a miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver. 6 If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicles engine management system and prevent the engine 7 being restarted. There are even pl

36、ans for immobilizers 8 that shut down vehicles on the move, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system. In the UK. an array of technical fixes is already making 9 life harder for car thieves. “The pattern of vehicles crime has changed,” says Martyn Randall of Thatcham, a se

37、curity research organization based in Berkshire that is funded in part 10 by the motor insurance industry. He says it would only take him a few minutes to 11 teach a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old. Modern cars are a far tougher

38、 proposition, as their engine management computer will not 12 allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key. In the UK, technologies like this 13 have helped achieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997. But determined criminals are still m

39、anaging to find other ways to steal cars. Often by getting hold of the owners keys in a burglary. In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken using the owners keys double the previous years figure. Remote-controlled immobilization system would 14 put a major new obstacle in the crim

40、inals way by making such thefts pointless. A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could goon the market sooner than the 15 customer expects.第七篇 An intelligent carDriving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, qui

41、ck brain, and coordination between hands and the brain. Many human drivers have all these and can control a fast-moving car. But how does an intelligent car control itself?There is a virtual driver in the smart car. This virtual driver has “eyes,”“brains”，“hands” and “feet”，too. The mini-cameras on

42、each side of the car are his “eyes,” which observe the road and conditions ahead of it. They watch the traffic to the cars left and right. There is also a highly automatic driving system in the car. It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual drivers “brain. ” His “brain” calculates the speeds

43、 of other moving cars near it and analyzes their positions. Basing on this information, it chooses the right path for the intelligent cars, and gives instructions to the “hands”and “feets”to act accordingly. In this way, the virtual driver controls his car.What is the virtual drivers best advantage?

44、 He reacts quickly. The mini-cameras are sending images continuously to the “brain”. It completes the processing of the images within 100 milliseconds. However, the worlds best drier at least needs one second to react. Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second.The virtual driver is rea

45、lly wonderful. He can reduce the accident rate considerably on expressway. In this case. Can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet. His ability to recognize things is still limited. He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways

46、.第八篇 Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures The vultures in question1 may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp l decline in three species of India's vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental 2 problem . The dramatic Dec

47、line in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the 3 birds .It is also causing serious public health problems 4 across the Indian sub-continent3. While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians, vultures have 5 long played a ver

48、y important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is 6 because they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred animals and are 7 traditionally left in the open6 when they die in their thousands upon thousands5 every year. The disappearance of the vultures has 8 led to an expl

49、osion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may _ 9 increase as a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, c

50、ausing an even greater problem in the 10 future .The need for action is 11 urgent , so an emergency project has been launched to 12 find a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds deaths and, if possible, develop a cure. Large-scale vu

51、lture 13 deaths were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined 14 by over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as "critically endangered"8. As most vultures lay only single eggs and 15 ta

52、ke about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.第九篇Wonder Webs Spider webs are more than homes, and they are ingenious traps. And the worlds best web spinner may be the Golden Orb Weaver spider. The female Orb Weaver spins a web of fibe

53、rs thin enough to be invisible to insect prey, yet tough enough to snare a flying bird without breaking. The secret of the webs strength? A type of super-resilient silk called dragline. When the female spider is ready to weave the webs spokes and frame, she uses her legs to draw the airy thread out

54、through a hollow nozzle in her belly. Dragline is not sticky, so the spider can race back and forth along it to spin the webs trademark spiral.恒星英语论坛 Unlike some spiders that weave a new web every day, a Golden Orb Weaver reuses her handiwork until it falls apart, sometimes not for two years. The si

55、lky thread is five times stronger than steel by weight and absorbs the force of an impact three times better than Kevlar, a high-strength human-made material used in bullet-proof vests. And thanks to its high tensile strength, or the ability to resist breaking under the pulling force called tension,

56、 a single strand can stretch up to 40 percent longer than its original length and snap back as well as new. No human-made fiber even comes close . It is no wonder manufacturers are clamoring for spider silk. In the consumer pipeline: High-performance fabrics for athletes and stockings that never run

57、. Think parachute cords and suspension bridge cables. A steady supply of spider silk would be worth billions of dollars but how to produce it? Harvesting silk on spider farms does not work because the territorial arthropods have a tendency to devour their neighbors. Now, scientists at the biotechnol

58、ogy company Nexia are spinning artificial silk modeled after Golden Orb dragline. The first step: extract silk-making genes from the spiders. Next, implant the genes into goat egg cells. The nanny goats that grow from the eggs secrete dragline silk proteins in their milk . “The young goats pass on the silk-making gene without any help from us,” says Nexia president Jeffr