中考英语语法专题复习

1、 冠词冠词虽小，只有a，an和the三个，但却是历年各地考试必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在完形填空中出现。从命题意图看，以考查不定冠词a和an的用法区别、不定冠词和定冠词的用法区别为主。同时考查冠词的各种不同用法。-考查重点冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和an的用法，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。其中，不定冠词与定冠词的用法区别以及在具体语言环境中冠词的应用是历年中考试题考查的热点，也是今后的考查方向。一.冠词概述冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意

2、义，但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者。定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”，“那”，“这些”，“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用二.a和an的区别不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。例如：a boy，a university，a european country；an hour，an honour，an island，an elephant，an umbrella三.不定冠词的用法1.泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。a plane is a machine t

3、hat can fly2.泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。a girl is waiting for you 3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。this is a book .4.表示“每一”，相当于every. 例如，i go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。5.用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。例如，i have three books. i want to buy a fourth one.我已经有三本书，我想买第四本。6.用在某些固定词组中：a lot(of)许多，大量；after a while过一会儿7,用在某

4、些物质名词和抽象名词前面，表示一阵，一份 ，一类，一场等例如：there ll be a strong wind in south china四.定冠词的用法1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。例如：open the window，please.请打开窗户。3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。例如：i have a car. the car is red.我有一辆小汽车，它是红色的。4.指世界上独一无二的事物。 例如：which is bigger，the sun or the earth？哪一个大，太阳还是地球？5.用在序数词，形容词最高级前。例如

5、：the first lesson is the easiest one in this book.第一课是这本书最简单的一课。6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。例如，the great wall 长城，the united states美国7.用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。例如:the poor穷人,the blind盲人8用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。例如：the greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩9.用在方位词前。例如:on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间10.用在乐器名称前。例如：she plays the piano every

6、day.她每天弹钢琴。11.用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。例如：the black sea黑海，the yangzi river长江12.用在某些固定词组中：all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air 在户外，在野外五.零冠词的用法1.在专有名词和不可数名词前。例如，class tw

7、o二班，tianan men square天安门广场，water水2.可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时。例如my book(正)；my the book(误)3.复数名词表示一类人或事物时。例如，they are teachers.他们是老师。tigers like meat.老虎喜欢吃肉4.在星期，月份，季节，节日前。例如：on sunday在周日，in march在三月，in spring在春天，on womens day在妇女节(特例：如果月份，季节等被

8、一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词：he joined the army in the spring of 1982.他在1982年春季参军。)5.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。例如：tom汤姆，mum妈妈6.在学科名称，三餐饭和球类运动名称前。例如：i have lunch at school every day.特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：i can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。wheres the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)7.在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。例如：no

9、.25 middle school8.某些固定词组中不用冠词。(1)与by连用的交通工具名称前：by bus乘公共汽车；by car乘汽车；by bike骑/坐自行车；by train乘火车；by air/plane乘飞机；by sea/ship乘船，但take a bus，in a boat，on the bike前需用冠词(2)名词词组：day and night日日夜夜；brother and sister兄弟姐妹;hour after hour时时刻刻；here and there到处(3)介词词组：at home在家；in surprise惊奇地；at noon在中午;on foot

10、步行；at night在晚上；on duty值日；at work在工作；on time准时；for example例如；in class在上课；on show展览；in bed在床上(4)go短语：go home回家；go to bed上床睡觉；go to school去上学；go to work去上班；go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼六.用与不用冠词的差异in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里go to sea出海/go to the sea去海边on earth究竟/on the earth在地球

11、上，在世上in front of在(外部的)前面/in the front of在(内部的)前面take place发生/take the place(of)代替at table进餐/at the table在桌子旁by sea乘船/by the sea在海边in future从今以后，将来/in the future未来go to school(church)上学(做礼拜)/go to the school(church)到学校(教堂)去on horseback骑着马/on the horseback在马背上two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人)ou

12、t of question毫无疑问/out of the question不可能的，办不到的next year明年/the next year 第二年a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)七练习题1 han meimei is _ chinese girl. lucy is _ english girl.a. a; a b. an; an c. a; an d. an; a( ) 2 a little boy wrote_ "u" and_ "n" on

13、the wall.a. a; an b. an; a c. an; an d. a; a( ) 3 _ old lady in brown is_ university professor.a. an; a b. an; / c. the; an d. the; a( ) 4 there are sixty minutes in_hour.a. an b. the c. a d. /( ) 5 this is _ interesting book and it is also _ useful one.a. an; an b. an; the c. ah; a d. a; a( ) 6 a c

14、omputer is useful tool in 'o world today.a. an; the b. a; the c. the; the d. a; a2( ) 1 we have never seen _ interesting film.a. such b. such an c. so d. such a( ) 2 mrs smith is _ friend of _a. the; mine b. a; me c. the; my d. a; mine( ) 3 he is_boy.a. a seven-years-old b. an eight-year-oldc. t

15、he seven-year-old d. an eight-year-older( ) 4 fsaw_ accident in the street yesterday.a. the b. a c. an d. /( ) 5 now he is _ artist. 1 have known him since he was _ one-year-old boy.a. a; an b. a; a c. an; an d. an; a3( ) 1. which bigger _ elephant or _ horse?a. a; the b. an; a c. the; an d. an; the

16、( ) 2 _monkey can climb_trees.a. /; the b. a; / c. the; a d. /; /( ) 3 _ rains are faster than _ buses.a. /; / b. the; / c. /; the d. the; a( ) 4 -have you learned german?-yes. it's _ language i've ever learned.a. a quite difficult b: quite a difficultc. difficult quite d. difficult a quite(

17、 ) 5 some animals, like _ cat, _ dog or _ wolf, do not need to hibernate (冬眠).a. /; /; the b. the; the; the c. a; /; the , d. the; /; /4( ) 1 yesterday we held_ talk with them in the hall.a. the b. this c. a d. an( ) 2 my mother had_ fever, so i had to look after her.a a b. the c, / d. this( ) 3 loo

18、king at, he took_deep breath.a. / b. a c. that d. its( ) 4 i usually go out for _ walk after_ tea;a: a; / b. /; the c. a; a d. the; a( ) 5 after that they had _ sleep.a. a night good b. a night's good c. a good night d. a good night's5( ) 1 it is_since we_last time.a. long time; met b. a lon

19、g time; meet c. a long time; met d. the long time; meet( ) 2 there came _ great noise. it frightened us.a. the b. a c. / d. that( ) 3 it is_ pleasure to work with these workers.a. an b. / c. a d. this( ) 4 after _ quick breakfast i hurried to _ school.a. /; / -rb. a; / c. the; the - d. the; /6( ) 1

20、this is_egg. _egg is big.a. a; a b. an; an c. a; the d. an; the( ) 2 there is_ 'w in_word "map".a. a; an b. an; a c. an; the d. a; the( ) 3 here is basket. _ basket is mine.a. a; the b. the; an. c. a; a d. the; a( ) 4 there is_ bridge over there. _ bridge is made of wood.a. the; the b.

21、 a; a c. the; a d. a; the( ) 5 he ordered _ book some time ago and now _ book has arrived.a. a; a b. the; a c. the; the d. a; the7( ) 1 she saw_ english film last sunday. but she can not remember      name of _ film.a. an; a; a b. a; the; ac. an; the; a d. an; the; the( ) 2

22、there is_ old man under_ tree.a. an; the b. the; a c. a; the d. an; /( ) 3 -what was _ yesterday? -november 24.a.date b. the date c. day d. the day( ) 4 we shall visit your country in_ coming year.a. a b. the c. one d. that( ) 5 mother does most of _ at home.a. cleaning b. a clean c. the cleaning d.

23、 clean8( ) 1 -whose room is that?-it's_.a. the twins' b. of lucy and lilyc. of the twins d. the twins( ) 2 i'm busy_.a. at the moment b. at that moment c. in a moment d. just a moment( ) 3 _ book is very useful. i bought it from_unknown little town.a. a; a b. the; a c. a; an d. the; an(

24、) 4 english is_ interesting subject for most of students.a. the; an b. the; the c. an; / d. an; the( ) 5 _ girl in _ grade three is _ tallest in our school.a. the; the; the b. a; a; a c. the; /; the d. a; /; a9( ) 1 mr white lives on _floor.a. the fifteen b. fifteen c. the fifteenth d. fifteenth( )

25、2 a boy named ding wei kicked a goal early _ of the match. a. in the one half b. in the first half c. for the first half d. for half one( ) 3 he has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have _ third try. a. the b. a c. another d. other( ) 4 china is one of _ oldest countries in _ world.a. the; t

26、he b. the; / c. a; a d. an; the( ) 5 mary is _ only girl who has been to american.a. a b. the fc. an d. /10( ) i we can see_sun and_moon in_ picture. a.a; the; the b. the; a; thec. a; the; a d. the; the; the( ) 2 o moon moves around _ earth, and they both are smaller than    

27、0;  sun.a. the; an; a b. a; the; the c. /; /; / d. the; the; the( ) 3 paris is _ capital of france.a. a b. / c. one d. the11( ) 1 _ browns arrived there yesterday evening.a. / b. a c. the d. an( ) 2 why not ask your father to draw_ map for you if you want to get to_alice's house easily?a. a

28、; an b. /; an c. the; a d. a; /( ) 3 _ browns are sitting at_ breakfast table.a. /; a b. the; / c. the; the d. / the( ) 4 _ turners could not pay for _ colour tv set.a. the; a b. /; the c. /; a d. the; /( ) 5 they went to . smiths' and stayed there for half_ hour.a. /; an b. the; a c. a; the d.

29、the; an12( ) 1 cotton is grown in _ china.a. north b. the north of c. the north d. a north( ) 2 it's _ pleasure to see _ sun rising in _ east.a. /; the; / b. a; /; / c. a; the; the d. /; the; the( ) 3 most of us are from_.a. the south b. south c. the southern d. southern( ) 4 _ united states lie

30、s in north america.a. an b. a c. the d. /13( ) i he likes playing_ piano, he doesn't like playing_ football.a. the; the b. the; / c. /; the d. /; /( ) 2 tom enjoys playing _ football while i enjoy playing _ piano verymuch.a. the; the b. a; a c. /; the d. the; /( ) 3 yesterday his mother bought_

31、piano and_basketball in that big shop.a. the; a  b. a; a c. /; / d. some; two14( ) 1 _ night, a stranger knocked at the door.a. one b. the c. an d. a( ) 2 we often play football in_ of the school building.a. a front b. fronts c. front d. the front( ) 3 there's going to be_english test

32、next week. a. an; a . b. an; / c. the; a d. an; the( ) 4 there is a map on _ left of the picture.a. the b. / c. a d. an( ) 5 he takes a bath in_evening.a. the b. / c. a d.an15( ) 1 we should look after_ old.a. these b. those c. the d. an( ) 2 the young nurse is kind to _ ill in the hospital.a. a b.

33、an 0. / d. the( ) 3 _ poor in those days had a hard time. a. a b. this c. the d. those( ) 4 not all _ beautiful is good.a. the b. a c. / d. this16( ) 1 they sailed along _ yellow river for two weeks before they arrived _ home.a. /; / b. the; / c. the; the d. /; the( ) 2 the students of our school cl

34、imbed_ west mountains.a. the b. this c. that d. /3 the ship is sailing on_ pacific oceana.a b. the c. / d.that17( ) 1 -excuse me, may i have_water, please? -sorry, there isn't_water in_bottle. a. any; any; the b. some; some; a c. some; any; the d. some; any; a( ) 2 it is known to all that _ ligh

35、t travels faster than _ sound. a. /; / b. a; a c. the; the d. the; /( ) 3 _water (water) is necessary in_people's everyday life. a. /; / b. the; / c. the; the d. /; the( ) 4 i came here in_ autumn of 1982.a. one b. a c. an d. the18( ) 1 _ is the most difficult in this book.a. lesson second b. th

36、e second lesson c. second lesson d. second lessons( ) 2 tuesday is_ third day of the week. a. the b. / c. a d. an( ) 3 he is a student of_.a. class first b. the class one c. class one d. first class( ) 4 we were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of _ .a. the act first b. act one c.

37、act first d. first act( ) 5 flight nineteen from new york to washington is now arriving at       .a. gate two b. the gate two c. the two gate d. second gate( ) 6 he lived in_.a. the room 105 b. the 105 room c. the 105 of the room d. room 10519( ) 1 reading_books ca

38、n add to knowledge. a. a b. this c. / d. that( ) 2 all of_books here are chinese.a. the b. / c. those d. that( ) 3 he like      sports, such as football, basketball and so on.a. / b. a c. the d. an20( ) 1 -where does mike sit?-he sits _.a. on any the right b. at the front of

39、 mec. on my left d. at the back of me( ) 2 me has _ few english books. he lent me, _ few of them last week.a. the; .a b. the; a c. a; the d. this; that( ) 3 _ mr smith is a teacher.a. the b. a c. this d. /( ) 4 monday is my _ day.a. the busiest b. busy c. busier d. busiest21( ) 1 before_supper,

40、 i always play_football.a. a; the b. the; / c. /; / d. /; the( ) 2 let's go and take a walk after _ lunch.a. a b. the c. / d. this( ) 3 we had a party after _ meal that day.a. a b. the c. one d.( ) 4 when we called, the family were at_ dinner.a. / b. the c. a d. an22( ) 1 mary became_monitor of

41、our class.a. a b. an c. / d. the( ) 2 my father is_ chairman of the club.a. the b. / c. an d. this( ) 3 he was made_team leader.a. our b. that c. a d. the( ) 4 mr wang is coming to our school           tomorrow.a. / b. the c. an d. this( )

42、5 _ mother (mother) is loved by us.a. the b./  c. one d. that23( ) 1 _ learning (learning) english is very interesting to me.a. / b. the c. a d. an( ) 2 we all know that_ walking on the moon is very difficult.a. one b. the. c. / d. a( ) 3 _ running (running) every morning is good for us.a. a b.

43、 / c. this d. that24( ) 1 shall we go to see our teacher? she is ill             .a. in a hospital b. in the hospitalc. in hospital d. in hospitals( ) 2 have you ever traveled on _ train?a. the b. a ' c. an d. /( ) 3 he is going to lond

44、on by _ sea.a. the b. a c. one d. /( ) 4 marco polo and his father traveled by_.a. a ship b. ships c. ship d. the ship25( ) 1 there is a book shop_.a. on my way school b. on my way to school c. on my way to the school d. in my way to school( ) 2 i go to_ school on foot because my home is near_ schoo

45、l. a. a; a b. the; the c. /; / d. /; the( ) 3 mary has _ high fever and she has to be in _ hospital.a. a; / b. a; a c. /; / d. the; the( ) 4 don't_. it's bad_your eyes.a. read in bed; to b. reading in bed; for c. read in the bed; for d. read in bed; for( ) 5 he stole the money and they put h

46、im_.a. in prison b. to prison c. at the prison d. in the prison26( ) 1. people often go to swim in_summer.a. / b. a c. an d. the( ) 2 the teacher is standing_ the class and giving his lessons.a. in the front of b. at the front ofc. in front of d. at the front( ) 3 mary is fond of watching _ tv while

47、 henry is interested in listeningto_radio.a. the; / b. /; the, c. the; the d. /; /( ) 4 the children all had a good time on_ children's day.a. the , b. their c. a d. /( ) 5 she went to _ town on _ foot.a. the; a b. /; / c. /; the d. the; the( ) 6 _ home, i met a friend of mine.a. on my way b. on

48、 my way to the c. on one's way d. on my way to27( ) 1 his brother worked out_ until it was twelve.a. problem after problem b. problem by problems c. a problem after a problem d. a problem by a problem( ) 2 the farmers went on working, _.a. hours after hours b. a hour after a hour c. an hour afte

49、r an hour d. hour after hour( ) 3 the students went out of the room_.a. one by two b. one by one c. two by another d. one by the other   参考答案：1. 1-6 c a d a c b 2. 1-5 b d b c d3. 1-5 b b a b b4. 1-5 c a b a d5. 1-4 c b c b6. 1-5 d c a d d7. 1-5 d a b b c8. 1-5 a a d d c 9. 1-5 c b b a b 10. 1-

50、3 d d d 11. 1-5 c d b a d12. 1-4 b c a c 13. 1-3 b c b 14. 1-5 a c b a a15. 1-4 c d c a 16. 1-3 b a b17. 1-4 c a a d18. 1-6 b a c b a d19. 1-3 c a a20. 1-3 c c d d21. 1-4 c c b a22. 1-5 c b a a b23. 1-3 a c b24. 1-4 c a d c25. 1-4 b d a d26. 1-6 a a b d b a27. 1-3 a d b 介词用法总结一、记忆介词口诀早、午、晚要用in；at黎明、

51、午夜、点与分。 年、月、年月、季节、周；阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。 将来时态in.以后，小处at大处in。 有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。 特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。 介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。 日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚， 收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。 着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。 特定时日和"一就"，on后常接动名词。 年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。 步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。 at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。 工具、和

52、、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。 就来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。 海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。 this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。 接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。 over、under正上下，above、below则不然， 若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。 beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。 besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。 同类比较except，加for异类记心间。 原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语

53、形容词 under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。 before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。 before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。 since以来during间，since时态多变换。 与之相比beside，除了last but one。 复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。 快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。 but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。 ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。 之后、关于、在.方面，有关介词须记全。 in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。 如大体掌握如上介调用法口诀，就不易出错。当然，至于介

54、词的详尽用法，同形词又是连词及副词等内容此章不讲。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。 早、午、晚要用in 例：in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天 at黎明、午、夜、点与分 例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜 以上短语都不用冠词 at six oclock 在6点钟 at 7：30 (seven thirty) 在7点半 at half past eleven 在11点半 at

55、nine fifteen 在9点15分 at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分 也可以写成 seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上) five minutes after two 2点过5分 at a quarter to two 1点45分 at the weekend 在周末 年、月、年月、季节、周 即在"来年"，在"某月"，在"某年某月" (但在某年某月某 日则用on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。 例；in 1986 在1986年 in 1927 在1927年 in april 在四月 in m

56、arch 在三月 in december 1986 1986年12月 in july l983 1983年7月 in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季 in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周 阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in， 即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。 例：dont read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。 they are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。 they are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树阴下乘凉。