高中英语教学资料grammar2

1、人教课标人教课标 高一高一 必修必修 1 unit 4the boy who is reading a book over there is my friend. he is my friend.he is reading a book over there.declan is a famous singer.he sings the song tell me why.declan is a famous singer who sings the song tell me why.he is a popular singer whose song is popular among young

2、people.he is a famous singer who is from taiwan.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。结局好结局好, 一切都好。一切都好。真正的友谊犹如健康的身体真正的友谊犹如健康的身体, 失去时方知失去时方知其可贵。其可贵。proverbsfriendship is like health, the value of which is seldom know until it is lost.all is well that end well.he who laughs last laughs best.1. find the correct word

3、or expressions for each of the following meanings. of no useall the people in a country a lot ofmatter that is not clean uselessnationa great number ofdirtfinished very great in degreeimmediatelygas that hot water gives outright awaysteamat an endextrememake someone feel very surprisedmetal bars tha

4、t a train moves alongsave something or somebody from dangerthe part of a building left after the rest has been destroyedshocktrackrescueruin3. complete the passage with words from the text. it was a frightening night. the dam cracked and then _ under the weight of the water. the water went all over

5、the fields and _ quite a few villages along the river. some buildings were in _ and some farmers were _ at the top of their houses.burstdestroyedruinstrappedthe water filled the canals and the _. dead bodies and _ animals were seen everywhere. people were _, but they had to _ the dead bodies for hea

6、lth reasons. it was a very sad time.wellsinjuredshockedbury4. work in groups. read some of the sentences and complete the others. then choose the best to read to the class. when the earthquake came, it was as if the world was at an end. when the houses fell down, it sounded as if _. a mountain had b

7、lown up when the dam broke, it looked as if the sea had arrived suddenly on our doorstep. when the bricks covered the ground, it was as if when the coal mines fell, the ground above looked as if it would crack. when the cows ran down the road, they looked as if _.stones were flowing like water they

8、were driven by an unseen hand when the shock hit us, we felt as if we were going to die. when the nation turned to help us in our need, it seemed as if _. all china was thinking of us and was coming to our aid定语从句的位置定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g. this is the car which he bought last yea

9、r.排头兵排头兵 带领部队紧跟在首长后带领部队紧跟在首长后先行词先行词定语从句定语从句1 主句主句this is the car.首长首长 2 从句从句he bought the car last year. he bought which 关系代词关系代词 last year. 关系代词关系代词 又称排头兵站在队伍最前面又称排头兵站在队伍最前面 which he bought last year. 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用在复合句中，修饰某一名词或者代词用作定语的句子就叫做作定语的句子就叫做定语从句定语从句。被定语从。被定语从句修饰的词，叫句修饰的词，叫先行词先行词。引导定语从句的

10、关联词有：引导定语从句的关联词有：关系代词：关系代词：who, whom whose, which, that 关系副词：关系副词：when, where1 找二个句子的公共部分找二个句子的公共部分2 确定主句，主句的公共部分为先行词确定主句，主句的公共部分为先行词3 从句中用从句中用关系代词关系代词替换公共部分替换公共部分4 排头兵（排头兵（关系代词）关系代词）整队整队5 排头兵带队伍插队排头兵带队伍插队i showed him the letter.i received it this morningi showed him the letter (which) i received th

11、is morning. which 指物指物, 在句中作主语或宾语在句中作主语或宾语, 作作宾语时可以省略。宾语时可以省略。 e.g. im not interested in the book which has just been published.that 指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。作宾语时可以省略。the house faces south.im going to buy the house.im going to buy that. that im going to buy.the house that im going to

12、 buy faces south.theyre talking about the film.i have seen the film.theyre talking about the film (that) ive seen. it was written by laoshe.jane has borrowed the book.jane has borrowed the book that was written by laoshe.* * 先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定语从句必须用语从句必须用that 引导。引导。all, every, any, little,

13、 few, much, no, only, very, the + 序数词序数词, the + 形容词最高级形容词最高级e.g. this is the cleanest park that you can imagine.e.g. he talked about the things and persons he had visited in the city.* 在在 who 或或 which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用中，限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。引导。that e.g. who is the man is standing over there

14、.thate.g. this is the only book that has been written in french.do you know the doctor?he spoke just now. do you know the doctor who spoke just now?who指人指人, 在从句中作主语在从句中作主语, 不可省略不可省略whom指人指人, 在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语, 可省略。可省略。e.g. do you know the man (whom) we saw at the beijing hotel?the girl is from america.

15、i called her just now.the girl (whom ) i called just now is from america. * whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语。指人或物，在从句中作定语。the girl got first.her father had given us a report.the girl whose father had given us a report got first.e.g. thats the man. the mans house was burned down.thats the man whose house was burne

16、d down.i live in a room.the rooms window opens to the south.i live in a room _whose_ window opensto the south. offer/ send congratulations to sb.向某人祝贺向某人祝贺 congratulations to sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某事祝贺某人某事 a letter of congratulation 贺信贺信 congratulate sb on / upon sth/ doing sth就某事向某人祝贺就某事向某人祝贺 be pleased

17、to do 高兴做某事高兴做某事 a group of 一组，一群，一帮，一团一组，一群，一帮，一团 judging from / by 从从 来看来看 judge sb/ sth by / from 通过通过判断判断 judge sb/ sth as/ to be断定某人、物是断定某人、物是 honour sb for sth 因因授予某人荣誉授予某人荣誉 be honoured for 因因获得荣誉获得荣誉 honour sb with sth 授予某人授予某人 in honour of 为纪念为纪念 have the honour to do / doing 荣幸地做某事荣幸地做某事 i

18、ts an honour (for sb) to do 做某事是荣幸的做某事是荣幸的 a team of cyclists 赛车队赛车队 be known for 因因 而闻名而闻名 be known as 以以 而闻名而闻名 raise money 筹钱筹钱 disaster hit areas 受灾区受灾区 2. 根据根据汉语汉语提示补全下列短语提示补全下列短语（1）_ no use 无用的无用的（2）_ the top of在在顶部顶部（3）refer _ 指指；参考；参考（4）put _ 搭起搭起（5）a letter _ invitation一封邀请信一封邀请信（6）be proud

19、 _以以为骄傲为骄傲（7）express ones thanks _ 向向表达谢意表达谢意（8）be known _以以而闻名而闻名ofattoupofoftofori. 根据所给汉语提示，用定语从句完成下根据所给汉语提示，用定语从句完成下列句子。列句子。1. this is the best film _ (我看过的我看过的).(that) i have everseen* 先行词在从句中作表语时先行词在从句中作表语时, 限制性定限制性定语从句通常用语从句通常用 that 引导。引导。(常可省略常可省略) e.g. she is no longer the girl that she was

20、 before she went to the country.that is the new machine.the parts of it are too small to see. thats the machine whose parts are too small to see.当先行词是当先行词是 one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等等, 指人时一般用指人时一般用 who,不用不用 that。those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of

21、the school. 在以疑问词在以疑问词who开头的句子中开头的句子中, 或关系代或关系代词在从句中作表语时词在从句中作表语时, 用用that, 不用不用who。who is the man that is shouting there?she is not the girl that she used to be. 先行词是人先行词是人, 从句中缺动词宾语或介词从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时宾语时, 用用whom或或that(介词后不用介词后不用that)。the teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borro

22、wed it. he is the student (whom, who, that) youwant to see.关系代词关系代词that, which, whom 在从句中作在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略。不可省略。2. he has a daughter _ (在医院工作的在医院工作的).3. the tree _ _(叶子变红了叶子变红了的的) is an old one.who / that workswhose leaves turn red / thein a hospitalleaves of which turn re

23、dii. 从从a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出可四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. is there anything _ i can do for you? a. which b. who c. whom d. that d2. i have seen some strange trees, _ open at sunrise and close at sunset. a. which the leaves b. whose leaves c. which leaves d. their leaves3. all _ we need is enough rest after long hours work.a. the thing b. that