助动词和情态动词ppt课件

1、助动词助动词 助动词本身没有实践意义，不能独立构成谓语，可表示时态、语态或构成否认及疑问方式。 常见的助动词有： be , have , do , will , shallbe类助动词类助动词1)be1)be类助动词有哪些？类助动词有哪些？ am , is , are , was , were , am , is , are , was , were , been been 2)2)请按时态或语态把上面的词分类。请按时态或语态把上面的词分类。1.1.普通如今时：普通如今时：2.2.普经过去时：普经过去时：3.3.完成时态：完成时态：4.4.被动语态：被动语态： am , is , arewas

2、 , werebeenAll of them.3)含有含有be类助动词的句子该如何变否认类助动词的句子该如何变否认句？句？ They were watching TV when we got there. They watching TV when we got there.4)普通疑问该如何变？普通疑问该如何变？ We are doing our lessons now. Are you doing your lessons now.werenthave类助动词类助动词1)have类助动词有哪些？类助动词有哪些？ have , has , had , having2)have类助动词与过去分

3、词构成完成时。类助动词与过去分词构成完成时。My uncle has come back home.Before we went home,we had had a little rest.Having done the work,we had a bath.will类助动词类助动词1)will 1)will 类助动词有哪些？类助动词有哪些？ will , would , shall , should will , would , shall , should 2)2)这类动词后加这类动词后加_,_,构成未来时态。构成未来时态。 There will be more trees in one

4、There will be more trees in one hundred years.hundred years.3)3)留意：留意：shall shall 仅用于第一人称。仅用于第一人称。 I shall be fifteen years old I shall be fifteen years old next birthday.next birthday.动词原形动词原形do类助动词类助动词1)1)这类助动词有哪些？这类助动词有哪些？ do , does , did do , does , did 2)2)这类动词与行为动词一同构成否认句这类动词与行为动词一同构成否认句和疑问句。和

5、疑问句。 Do you enjoy living in China? Do you enjoy living in China? Does your sister like playing Does your sister like playing basketall?basketall?He didnHe didnt watch TV last night.t watch TV last night. 情情 态态 动动 词词1.请回想他所学过的情态动词。请回想他所学过的情态动词。 can/could , may/might , must , have to , need , shall/sh

6、ould , will/ would2.他知道他们是什么意思吗？他知道他们是什么意思吗？ can表表_, may _ must _推测有把握推测有把握 should _, would _ , have to _表客观表客观才干才干答应答应必需必需应该应该愿愿被迫被迫这么多情态动词，他知道这么用吗？这么多情态动词，他知道这么用吗？can, could can, could 的用法的用法 can can在以下句子中分别是什么用法？在以下句子中分别是什么用法？意思？意思？ 1) Can you play basketball? 1) Can you play basketball? 2) Li Hu

7、a can2) Li Hua cant be in the t be in the classroom.classroom. 3) You can go now.3) You can go now.表才干，意为表才干，意为“能，会能，会表示疑心，猜测，常用于否认句和疑问句中表示疑心，猜测，常用于否认句和疑问句中表示答应，意为表示答应，意为“可以相当于可以相当于may4)Can I play with the toy now, Mum?2.could是是can的过去式，可以表示过去的过去式，可以表示过去的才干。的才干。 I could swim when I was seven.3.以以can开

8、头的普通疑问句，其一定和开头的普通疑问句，其一定和否认回答分别是否认回答分别是can和和cant;以以could开头的普通疑问句，其一定和否认回开头的普通疑问句，其一定和否认回答分别是答分别是could和和couldnt.表示建议、恳求常用于疑问句表示建议、恳求常用于疑问句may,might 的用法的用法1.may在以下句子中分别是什么用法？在以下句子中分别是什么用法？意思？意思？1)He may come tomorrow.表示推测，意为表示推测，意为“能够；也许，能够；也许， 用于一定句用于一定句2)You may go now. 表示答应表示答应3)May I borrow your b

9、ook?表示恳求、答应，意为表示恳求、答应，意为“可以。可以。 -May I go now? - _.(留意：留意：may表示恳求时，用于主语为第表示恳求时，用于主语为第一人称的一半疑问句，其否认回答用一人称的一半疑问句，其否认回答用mustnt或或cant,表示表示“不可以，不许，不可以，不许，制止，阻止制止，阻止No, you mustnt/cant.must的用法的用法1)We must love our country. 表示表示“必需，应该必需，应该2)The man must be a doctor. 表示很有把握的推断，表示很有把握的推断，“一定一定3)must表示推测时普通用于

10、一定句；在表示推测时普通用于一定句；在疑问句和否认句中普通运用疑问句和否认句中普通运用can，否认，否认句中也可以用句中也可以用may, 但但may not表示表示“能够不，而能够不，而cant表示表示“不能够。不能够。4)否认句中，否认句中，mustnt表示制止，意为表示制止，意为“不允许。以不允许。以must开头的疑问句，开头的疑问句，一定回答运用一定回答运用must，而否认回答那么，而否认回答那么常用常用neednt和和dont have to(不需求，不需求，不用不用) eg:Theres someone knocking at the door. It must be Jim. -M

11、ust I finish the project today? -No, you neednt/dont have to.need的用法的用法You neednt come next time.表示需求、必需主要用于否认句和疑表示需求、必需主要用于否认句和疑问句问句2)Need I go to bed now? Yes, you must. No, you neednt.shall 和和should 的用法的用法You shall have your book soon. 表示许愿、警告、命令用于陈说句的表示许愿、警告、命令用于陈说句的第二、三人称第二、三人称2)Shall he come t

12、o see you? Shall we go out for a walk?征求对方意见或恳求用于第一、三人征求对方意见或恳求用于第一、三人称的问句称的问句3)Shall I tell John about it? - No, you neednt. I told hime just now.will 和和 would的用法的用法Ill help you if I am free this afternoon.表示志愿、意志用于多种人称表示志愿、意志用于多种人称2)Fish will die out of water.总是、惯于习惯性动作或形状总是、惯于习惯性动作或形状留意留意could, s

13、hould, would, might等过去式等过去式有时并不表示过去，而是表示一种更有时并不表示过去，而是表示一种更委婉客气的语气。委婉客气的语气。 Would you like some bananas?情态动词用法大串联？考考他，预情态动词用法大串联？考考他，预备好了吗？备好了吗？Q1:must与与have to 都有都有“必需的意思，必需的意思，其区别是什么？其区别是什么？ must表示客观看法；表示客观看法；have to表示客观表示客观需求需求“不得不不得不Q2:must也可表示很有把握的猜测。那也可表示很有把握的猜测。那表示推测的情态动词还有那些？与表示推测的情态动词还有那些？与

14、must的区别有哪些？的区别有哪些？ can may might could1)can表推测，只用于否认句和疑问句中，表推测，只用于否认句和疑问句中，must表一定推测，表一定推测，cant表否认推测。表否认推测。2)may ,might,could表示能够。表示能够。Q3:当当must意为意为“该当时，和该当时，和should(应该应该)有什么区别？有什么区别？ We must love our country. You should see a doctor.(must表示客观的看法；表示客观的看法；should表示建议表示建议)Q4:must是是“必需，该当的意思，那必需，该当的意思，那

15、么么mustnt如何了解呢？他知道如何了解呢？他知道neednt , cant 与与shouldnt，may not分别是什么意思吗？分别是什么意思吗？ mustnt: 不允许不允许 neednt: 不需求，不用不需求，不用 cant: 不能够不能够 shouldnt: 不应该不应该 may not: 能够不能够不小提示：这几个词的意思一定要记住小提示：这几个词的意思一定要记住并区分，由于考试时经常出现并区分，由于考试时经常出现Q5:以以must开头的疑问句的否认回答用开头的疑问句的否认回答用什么？什么？ neednt或或dont have to 那么以那么以may, need开头的普通疑问句

16、用开头的普通疑问句用什么来回答呢？什么来回答呢？may的否认回答用：的否认回答用：mustnt或或cant;need的一定回答用：的一定回答用：must 否认回答用：否认回答用：neednt1.-_ you turn down your radio,please? -Yes, I can. A.May B.Need C.Must D.Can2.What will the weather be like tomorrow?-It _ be rainy,cloudy or sunny.Who knows? A.must B.might C.shall D.shouldnt3.How was the

17、 youth club last night,Mark? -It was great fun.You _ come. A.must B.can C.should D.may4.This history book _be Bobs sisters.His sister is only a baby. A.must B.might C.cantDBCC5.Dont put off todays work for tomorrow. I mean, todays work _today. A.may do B.must do C.may be done D. must be done6.You _

18、jump onto a bus while it is moving.Its too dangerous. A.may not B.mustnt C.may D.must7.How is our friend coming? -Im not sure.He _ drive here. A.may B.can C.must D.willDBA8.Will you go to the museum with me? -Sorry,_.My aunt is coming to see me. A.I dont B.I cant C.I neednt D. I mustnt9.-_ I use you

19、r mobile phone? -Certainly. Here you are. A.May B.Must C.Should D.Need10.Shall I tell John about it? -No, you _.I told him just now. A.neednt B.cant C.mustntD.shouldntBAA11.Look!The man at the ate _ be our headmaster.He is always standing there every morning. -No, it _ be him.He is holding a meeting in the office now.A.must;cant B.must;mustntC.cant;cant D.cant;mustnt12.-_ the exam paper be handed in right now? -No,it doesnt have to. You may hand it in before 11:30. A.Can B.Must C.Should D.MayAB13.Mr.W