小学英语情态动词知识点及练习

1、名师总结优秀知识点情态动词【知识要点】 :情态动词（ Modal verbs ）本身有一定的词义，表示语气的单词。但是不能独立作谓语，只能和 动词原形 一起构成谓语。情态动词用在行为动词前，表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。 情态动词虽然数量不多， 但用途广泛，主要有下列：can (could),may (might),must, need, ought to,dare(dared), shall (should), will (would) must not.情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 "not" 。疑问

2、形式是将情态动词提至主语前。 个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式用来表达更加客气，委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词 ，故没有被动语态。名师总结优秀知识点【典型例题 】:【专题一】 : can 和 could 的用法【例 1】 Can you lift this heavy box?(体力 )【解析】表示能力 ( 体力、知识、技能 )【练习】1. Maryspeak three languages(.知识 )2.you skate?( 技能 )此时可用 be able to 代替。 Can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式; 而 be able to则有更

3、多的时态。I ll not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用Can。【例 2】- Can I go now?-Yes, you can. / No, you cant.【解析】表示请求和允许。 此时可与 may互换。在疑问句中还可用 could,might 代替 , 不是过去式 , 只是语气更委婉 , 不能用于肯定句和答语中。【练习】-I come to see you tomorrow?-Yes, you.-No, you/I m afraid not.【例 3】 Can this be tru

4、e?【解析】表示推测 ( 惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度 ), 用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。【练习】Thisbe done by him.Howthis be true?【专题二】 may 和 might 的用法：【例 1】-M ight/ May I smoke in this room?- No, you mustn t.【解析】表示请求和允许。 might 比 may 语气更委婉 , 而不是过去式。否定回答时可用 cant或 mustnt,表示“不可以 , 禁止”。用 May I. .? 征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气 , 而用 Can I. .? 在口语中更常见。【练习】-I take th

5、is book out of the room?- Yes, you. No, you【例 2】 May you succeed!【解析】用于祈使句 , 表示祝愿。名师总结优秀知识点【例 3】He may /might be very busy now.【解析】表示推测、可能性( 不用于疑问句 ) 。 might 不是过去式 , 它所表示的可能性比 may 小。【练习】1. Your mothernot know the truth.2. Hevery busy now他.现在可能很忙。【专题三】 must 和 have to的用法：【例 1 】 The man【例 2】I学习。【例 3 】

6、1.Yoube our teacher。那个人一定是我们的老师。study hard because of my dream. 为了我的梦想我必须努力come in time你.必须准时过来【解析】： must 表示必须、必要。表示主观对事物的推测时，意为想必、一定，只用于肯定句中 ; 表推测时，情态动词与动词原形 ( 常为 be 动词 ) 连用。而 have to 强调客观需要。【练习】 :1. Her play is boring,Igo now.2.Your motherbe waiting for you now.3.Igo home,because my father is ill.

7、【例 4】- Must we hand in our exercise books today?-Yes,you-No,youmustnt,而用【解析】：在回答由 must 引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用needn t,don t have to.must是说话人的主观看法 ,而 have to 则强调客观需要。【练习】 :- -Must he go to school now?-Yes,he-No,he.【专题四】 should及其否定式用法【例 1 】： I should help her because she is in trouble.【解析】： should 表示应该、劝告、建

8、议和命令。【练习】 :1.Yougo to class right away.2.I open the window?名师总结优秀知识点【专题四】 need 的用法【例 1】： You neednt come so early.【解析】 need 作情态动词用时 , 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用 must, have to, ought to, should代替【练习】- Need I finish the work today?- Yes, you/ No, you【专题五】 should的用法【例 1】 I should help her because she is in tr

9、ouble.【解析】 should表示应该【练习】Youtake care of the baby.【例 2】 You should go to class right away.【解析】表示劝告、建议和命令。在疑问句中常用should。【练习】I open the window？【专题六】 will 和 would 的用法【例 1】 I will do anything for you.【解析】表示询问，请求, 将要。【练习】1.you pass me the book?2.Shego to the library.【例 2】would you tell me the way to the

10、school?【解析】表示过去的意愿或委婉提问名师总结优秀知识点自我检测(一 )用适当的情态动词填空。1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No,you2. I use your car? Yes, you3.I go home now? No, youstay here and wait for the teacher.4.My mother is ill.Istay at home and look after her.5.Isend an email to my friend.6. Youtake more exercise.7. you

11、tell me how to get to the Park?8. Wehelp each other.9. you like to go fishing with me?10. we play foot ball this afternoon?(二 )按要求改写句子。1.I can run fast.(否定句 )Ifast.2.You must return the book now.一(般疑问句 )I return the book now?No,you.3. He can play basketball well.一(般疑问句 )Hebasketball well?4.They must

12、 take the books out of the room否.(定句 )They the books out of the room. 5.He will get up early.(否定句） He get up early.(三)选择题。1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her.A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it ou D. ought to write it out2. There were alr

13、eady five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.It _ a comfortable journey.A. can t beB. shouldn t beC. mustnt have beenD. couldn t have been3. It s nearly seven o clock. Jack _ be here at any moment.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourse

14、lf.A. wont; can tB. mustnt; mayC. shouldn t; mustD. can t; shouldn t5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ getout.A. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to名师总结优秀知识点6. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.They _ be ready by 12:00.7. I stayed at a hote

15、l while in New York.Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara.A. could have stayedB. could stayC. would stayD. must have stayed8. Are you coming to Jeffsty?parI m not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might9. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.A. mustnt leav

16、e B. shouldn t have left C. couldn taveh left D. neednt leave10. Is John coming by train?He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.A. mustB. canC. needD. may11. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A. shouldB. canC. mustD. wi

17、ll12. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A. dare to sayB. dare sayingC. not dare sayD. dared say13. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner afterwork every day.A. wouldB. shouldC. had betterD. might14. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seatsuntil all the

18、 papers have been collected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall15. How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article?16. I hear you ve got atseof valuable Australian coin. _ I have alook?Yes, certainly.A. DoB. MayC. ShallD. Should名师总结优秀知识点答案解析(一 ) 、 1.ne

19、edn t/donhavet to2.Cancan3. Maymust4.have to5.will6.should7.can/could8. must/should9.Would10.can( 二)1.Can t run2.Mustneednt3. Can play 4.can t take5.wouldnt( 三)1. C。“ ought to / should have+过去分词”表示后悔当初该做但却没做某事。“也许我本该把详细地址写给她的。”2. D。“ couldn t have+过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测。既然小汽车上“已有五人”，且是“设法”才把你带去的，如此拥挤，旅途当然“不可能”舒服。3. C。nearly 暗示“时间不早了”， Jack “按理应当 (should) 随时 (at any moment)”都有可能到达这里。 must 语气过强 ;can 一般不用于肯定推测 ;need 意义不通，也不用于肯定句。4. B 。 mustn t( 不许、千万不 ) 表示禁止。 may 表示