初中英语定语从句讲解练习与答案

1、中学英语定语从句讲解练习一、中学英语重点词汇1. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little1many 修饰可数名词，much 修饰不行数名词；都表示很多；例如：he has many books. 他有很多书；he drank much milk. 他喝了很多牛奶；2a few 和 a little 都表示 "有一点儿 "，侧重于确定，相当于"some"，但 a few 修饰可数名词，a little 修饰不行数名词，例如：he has a few friends in london. 他在伦敦有一些伴侣；woul

2、d you like some coffee. yes, just a little.喝点咖啡好吗？好的，只要一点；3few 和 little 表示 " 几乎没有 "，侧重否定；few 后接可数名词，little 后接不行数名词；例如：he is a strange man. he has few words. 他是个怪人，他几乎不说什么话；hurry up, there is little time left.赶快，没什么时间了；2. seem/ look(1) seem 一般着重于以客观迹象为依据，意思是“似乎、好象、看起来”；the baby seems to be

3、happy.婴儿看上去似乎很兴奋；he seemed to be sorry for that. 他似乎为那件事感到愧疚；seem 能与 to do 结构连用，而look 不能；it seems to rain.似乎要下雨了；they seemed to have finished their work. 他们似乎已经完成了工作；在 it 作形式主语的句型中只能用seem；it seems that he is quite busy now. 他现在看起来很忙；it seems to us that there is nothing serious. 在我看来没什么大不了的；(2) look

4、用作 “看起来；似乎”时，常从物体的外观或样貌上来判定，是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的；the room looks clean. 这间房看起来很洁净；the girl looks like her mother. 那女孩看起来向她的妈妈；二、语法定语从句（一）、定义： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句；定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用的表示；主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任；单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰

5、的词之前，作前置定语；短语和从句作定语时就放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语；定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后；如： 1 the man who lives next to us is a policeman.2 you must do everythingthat i do .上面两句中的man 和 everything 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面；引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who 宾格 who,全部格 whose 和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、

6、在定语从句中担当一个成分（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句1. who 指人，在从句中做主语1the boys who are playing football are from class one. 2yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom 指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略；(1) mr. liu is the personwhom you talked about .留意：关系代词whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代替，可省略；3 the man who/whom you met just now is my f

7、riend.3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. which在句子中做主语(2) this is the pen which he bought yesterday. which在句子中做宾语4. that 指人时，相当于who 或者 whom ；指物时，相当于which ；在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略；(5) the people that/who come to visit the city are all here. 在句子中做主语(6) wh

8、ere is the man that/whom i saw this morning . 在句子中做宾语5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) i lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose 指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3) the classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=the classroom the door of which is broken wil

9、l soon be repaired. 5do you like the bookwhose color is yellow.=do you like the bookthe color of which is yellow.注： that用法(1) 不用 that 的情形(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时； 错 the tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.(b) 介词后不能用；we depend on the landfrom which we get our food.we depend on the landt

10、hat/which we get our food from.(2) 只能用that 作为定语从句的关系代词的情形(a) 在 there be句型中，只用that ，不用which ；(b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that ，不用which ；(c) 先行词有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修饰时，只用that ；(d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that, 不能用which ； .(e) 先行词既有人，又有物时；(f) 先行词指物，在主句中作表语时(g)

11、 为了防止重复(h) 先行词是the way或 the reason 时， that 可作关系副词，也可省略(i) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时举例：is this the bookthat you borrowed in the library.这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗？who that break the windowshould be punished谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩处allthat is neededis a supply of oil.所需的只是供油问题；finally, the thief handed everythingthat he had stolen

12、to the police.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察；（三）、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词= 介词 + 关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ . which 介词同先行词搭配 when=during/ on/ in/ . which 介词同先行词搭配1. where 指地点 ，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句；(1) shanghai is the city where i was born .(2) the house where i lived ten years ago has been pulled do

13、wn.2. when 引导定语从句表示时间 ；在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1) i still remember the daywhen i first came to the school.(2) the time when we got together finally came.注 表示时间 “ time一" 词的定语从句只用when 引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that 引导；by the time you arrived in london , we had stayed there for two weeks.到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个

14、星期；i still remember the first timei met her . 我仍旧记得我第一次见到她；each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc ；每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多；3. why 指缘由在定语从句中做缘由状语(1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) i don t know the

15、 reason why he looks unhappy today.留意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) the reason why/ for which he refused the invitationis not clear,(2) from the year when/in which he was going to school, he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.注： 1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略；2） that 前不能有介词；3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或缘由状语的"

16、 介词 +关系词 " 结构可以同关系副词when ,where 和 why互换；this is the house in which i lived two years ago . this is the house where i lived two years ago .do you remember the day on which you joined our club . do you remember the day when you joined our club .this is the reason why he came late.this is the reas

17、on for which he came late.三、练习练习一（一）用关系代词或关系副词将以下每对句子连成一个复合句；1. the boy is my younger brother. he was here a minute ago.2. the old man is a professor. he teaches chemistry in a college.3. beijing hotel is near tian an men square. the foreign visitors live there.4. the woman is here now. you were tal

18、king about her.5. this is the hall. we listened to the report in it the other day.6. the car was going 90 miles an hour. the car just passed us.7. the man was my uncle. the man waved to us.8. i enjoyed reading the book. you gave me a book last week.9. i prefer the subject. the subject is science.10.

19、 i spoke to the man. the man is a professor.（二）用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. the house we live in is very big.2. the boy is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. this is the present he gave me for my birthday.4. the man talked to you just now is an engineer.5. he talked about the teachers and schools he ha

20、d visited.6. there is nothing in the world can frighten him.7. she wears a gold ring, is very uncommon in our class.8. we visited a factory makes toys for children.9. is this the place your father once lived.10. ill never forget the days i joined the elague.练习二一、单项填空1. -who is the man was talking to

21、 our english teacher.-oh. its mr baker, our maths teacher.a. heb. thatc. whomd. which2. i hate the people don t help others when they are in trouble.a. whob. whichc. theyd. where3. the foreigner visited our school is from canada.a. whichb. whenc. whod. whomhim.4. george mallory was an english school

22、 teacher loved climbing.a. whob. whomc. hed. which5. this is the place i have ever visited.a. thereb. whenc. whered. which6. nobody knows the reason she didnt come to the meeting.a. thatb. whichc. whyd. when7. the moon is a world there is no life.a. thatb. whichc. whered. why8. he has forgotten the

23、day he arrived.a. whenb. wherec. thatd. which9. he still remembers the days he spent with your family.a. whenb. wherec. thatd. on which10. mr. white, car had been stolen, came to the policeman.a. whob. thatc. whosed. which11. he got to the village his family once lived before liberation.a. thatb. wh

24、ichc. whend. where12. this is the house i want to buy.a. in whichb. thatc. whosed. where13. this is the house our beloved premier zhou once lived and worked.a. whichb. thatc. whend. where14. he didnt tell me the place he was born.a. thatb. whichc. whend. where15. he lived in a small village, was a l

25、ong way from the railway station.a. thatb. whichc. whered. when16. i work in a business almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.a. howb. whichc. whered. that17. helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, , of course, made the others envya. whob. thatc. whatd. which18. americ

26、an women usually identify their best friend as someone they can talk frequently.a. whob. asc. about whichd. with whom19. the film brought the hours back to me i was taken good care of in that far-away village.a. untilb. thatc. whend. where20. the famous scientist grew up he was born and in 1930 he c

27、ame to shanghai.a. whenb. wheneverc. whered. wherever21. a story goeselizabeth i of england likednothing more than being surrounded by clever andqualified noblemen at court.a. whenb. wherec. whatd. that22. the parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they canmove in.a. theyb. it

28、c. oned. which23. is this factory you worked at.a. the oneb. whichc. thatd. where24. is this the factory you worked.a. whereb. whichc. thatd. the one25. -does the teacher know everybody planted the trees.-yes, he does.a. whichb. whosec. whered. who26. the letter i received from him yesterday is very

29、 important.a. whob. wherec. whatd. that27. -where is the scientist gave us the talk yesterday.-he has gone back to qinghua university.a. whomb. whoc. whosed. which28. i hate people talk much but do little.a. whoseb. whomc. whichd. who29. do you know a boy sister is a nurse in a hospital.a. whob. tha

30、tc. whomd. whose30. is there a shop near here we can buy vegetables and fruits.a. whichb. whenc. whod. where二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成以下句子1. the boys are playing football are from class one.2. those want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.3. mr liu is the person you talked about on

31、 the bus.4. the professor you are waiting for has come.5. football is a game is liked by most boys.6. he likes to read books are written by foreign writers.7. this is the pen he bought yesterday.8. well go to hear the famous singer we have often talked.9. where is the man i saw this morning.10. the

32、season comes after spring is summer.11. i visited a scientist name is known all over the country.12. he has a friend father is a doctor.13. i once lived in the house roof has fallen in.14. i still remember the day i first came to this school.15. the time we got together finally arrived.16. shanghai

33、is the city i was born.17. the house i lived ten years ago has been pulled down.18. please tell me the reason you missed the plane.19. the reason he was punished is unknown to us.20. all the people are present burst into tears.21. there are about seven million people taking part in the election, mos

34、t of are well educated.22. he succeeded in the competition, made his parents very happy.23. the school he once studied is very famous.24. tomorrow ill bring here the magazine you asked.25. this is the boy i played tennis with yesterday.练习三1. the house we live is not big.a. in thatb. whichc. in which

35、d. that2. he talked about the lectures and schools he had visited.a. thatb. whichc. whod. whom3. the scientist the teacher is talking is leaving for beijing.a. to himb. whomc. tod. to that4. i who your teacher, will teach marxism as a truth to you.a. isb. arec. wered. am5. they could do was to work

36、hard.a. allb. all whatc. all whichd. that6. do you know the reason he didn t come.a. thatb. whichc. ford. why7. the room windows face south is his.a. thatb. whichc. whosed. who s8. the park, we visited yesterday, is very nice.a. whereb. whichc. thatd. when9. the park, we met with him, is very nice.a

37、. whereb. whichc. thatd. when10. the first time i saw her was in 1989.a. whenb. whichc. thatd. as11. pay attention to all i do.a. whichb. in whichc. whatd. that12. i ve read all the books you gave me.a. whichb. themc. whatd. that13. is there anything i can do for you.a. whatb. whichc. thatd. it14. t

38、he woman child had fallen ill was a doctor.a. whob. herc. whosed. /15. the pen i m using is hers.a. which; itb. that; itc. it; /d. /16. i have the same trouble you have.a. thatb. whichc. asd. what17. it s the very book i want to find.a. whichb. thatc. itd. so18. he is the only one of the boys who en

39、glish for four years.a. has learntb. have learntc. learnd. learning19. this is one of the books worth reading.a. that isb. which arec. it wasd. they are been20. this is the best film been shown this year.a. which hasb. which havec. that hasd. that have21. this is the largest clock in the world, the

40、minute have is six minutes long.a. whereb. of whichc. thatd. of that22. can you tell me the reason you didn t come for yesterday.a. whyb. howc. whichd. what23. do you still remember the day we spent together last month.a. thatb. in whichc. whend. where24. oct. 1, 1949 was the day the new china was f

41、ounded.a. thatb. in whichc. whend. where25. which/who of them knows something about english doesn t know this word.a. whichb. whoc. thatd. as26. we all know, he is a good man.a. whichb. whoc. thatd. as27. i ve never seen such a lazy boy you are.a. whichb. whoc. thatd. as28. there were many great lea

42、ders in the history abraham lincoln was the greatest one.a. in whichb. in whomc. of whichd. of whom29. i bought a new dictionary, is very beautiful.a. whose the coverb. of which coverc. the cover of whichd. which cover30. they have planted many trees, one third of are pine trees.a. themb. whosec. wh

43、ichd. that31. that is my office, face the south.a. it s windowsb. the windowsc. the windows of itd. the windows of which32. he s given us a lot of information, is valuable.a. little of itb. little of whichc. a littled. much of them33. he has two sons, is a collage student.a. whob. both of whomc. nei

44、ther of whomd. neither34. there are forty-five students in our class, is only fifteen.a. the youngest of whomb. the oldest of themc. one of themd. the tallest35. he has published two books, i ve completely forgotten.a. their namesb. the names of whichc. the names of themd. what names of which36. he

45、has several friends, the most devoted is henry.a. friendb. one of themc. of themd. of whom37. five men stole into the gate, was lame in the right leg.a. the secondb. the third of whomc. one of themd. among them38. this is the very school i wanted to visit.a. whereb. thatc. whichd. in which39. is the

46、 school you are going to work.a. whereb. thatc. whichd. there40. is this you want.a. whichb. the onec. thatd. the one what41. shanghai, i have visited twice, has a large population.a. whereb. whichc. whatd. that42. my youngest sister, is forty years old, has got a life professorship in a university.

47、a. whichb. whomc. whod. that43. the students didn t like the way she was dressed. a./b. whichc. whatd. how44. theres no way you could stop others talking about you unless you dont spare yourself 严格要求自己.a. forb. thatc. whered. of which45. i am determined to learn my subjects in the way you have done.

48、a. in whichb. by whatc. whatd. where46. he used to do things in a way did no harm to anybody.a. /b. whatc. in whichd. that47. i ll do to help you.a. all i canb. all what i canc. all those i managed. all which i can48. all want to buy the book, put down your names here.a. whob. these thatc. those who

49、d. ones49. this is the third time you re late for school.a. in whichb. thatc. whichd. on which50. he arrived yesterday, was just what we expected.a. whatb. whoc. thatd. which51. einstein taught at princeton, there was a famous research institute.a. thatb. wherec. whichd. because of52. that is the re

50、ason he came to see you.a. whenb. thatc. whichd. for which53. she is one of the few persons spanish in our school.a. who knowsb. who knowc. which speakd. that speaks54. he is the only one of the teachers spanish in our school.a. who teachesb. who teachc. which teachesd. that teach55. you are the onl

51、y one advice he might listen to.a. whob. thatc. whosed. whatever56. here is so big a stone no man can lift.a. asb. whichc. whod. that57. he seems a foreigner, in fact it is.a. whichb. asc. thatd. and58. who has common sense will do such a thing.a. whichb. whoc. whomd. that59. is this the museum some

52、 german friends visited last wednesday.a. thatb. wherec. in whichd. the one60. is this museum you visited the other day.a. thatb. wherec. in whichd. the one61. how do you like the book.it s quite different from i read last month.a. thatb. whichc. the oned. the one what62. which sentence is wrong.a.

53、the finger i dipped into the cup was not the one i put it into my mouth.b. do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform.c. science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.d. people in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.63. antarctic we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.a. whichb. wherec. thatd. about which64. each time they