初中英语选词填空解题技巧及练习题

1、优秀教案欢迎下载中考英语选词填空解题技巧“选词填空 ”要求同学利用所给的12 个词汇 一般出名词、 代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等补全一篇有 10 个空缺的短文 ；要攻克这一难关，同学除了 要进行大量的课外阅读，积存丰富的语言学问外，仍需把握肯定的解题技巧；1.在拿到题目后， 不要急于看文章 ，第一 对备选的词汇讨论 几遍，对 词性 作简洁的标记 ，例如：名词 -n.，动词 -v. ，形容词 -a.，副词 -ad. 等等；同时对词义作初步的懂得；2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎规律是做好填词的前提；通过上、下文的句子， 充分懂得短文的内容 ，留意 发觉固定搭配 关系，凭借

2、语感积极主动地推测空格 中所缺的信息，依据需要去备选词汇中查找匹配的答案；3.在选定单词后， 不要轻率地填入 ；在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要 保证句式结构 的正确；对于 名词 ，要考虑是否要把它 变成复数 或“全部格 ”形式；例如： match-matches, friend-friend's/friends'；其他仍要考虑 名词是否需要变成形容词 ，例如： sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, danger-dangero；us对于 动词 ，要有意识地去考虑 时态和语态的变化 以及非谓语动词形式的变化动词不定式- to

3、 do, 现在分词 -doing, 过去分词 -done, 固定搭配 -enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./havesth. done；对于 形容词和副词 ，要主动去判定它们之间的相互转换 ，是否需要变成 比较级或最高级，仍有以及 形容词变名词 的需求也需考虑，例如： interesting-more /the most interesting, happy-happily，happy -happiness;对于代词，留意 辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；对于数词，要留意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-thi

4、rd, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of；对于冠词，只需要在a 或 an 之间判别，如 a girl /an old man;对于介词和连词时，就更简洁，只要符合上下文规律或固定短语搭配，填入即可；优秀教案欢迎下载为了便利记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要留意， “名词”单复数要牢记，仍有's 不能弃， “动词”留意要变形， “形副”留意要用三种级，要填 “数词”请留意，千万别忘“基” 和“序”，填入 “代词”需谨慎，五格变化要谨记；4. 完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对；检查 单词拼写 是否正确，是否有 时态、语态 、惯用法 及词

5、语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性；最终把答案填入答卷时，切勿错位 ；总结：做题技巧1统览全局，把握大意；要填的单词确定是在肯定的语言环境中才能确定；只有明白了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确懂得空缺词所在的句子， 缩小词的挑选范畴；2依据语法，判定词性；一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判定其词性；进一步缩小词的挑选范畴,从而正确地选词；3利用语境，确定词形；当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮忙判定其形 式；如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing 形式；名词的数和全部格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式

6、等；4复读全文，验正答案； 填完单词后，不行孤立地逐个检查词，而必需将全部填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，认真检查所填词是否符合文章的情形内容，读起来是否流 畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等；发觉问题准时更正；通 过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特殊难的空处顺口“读”出来；例题：（ 20xx 年中招选词填空题节选）阅读短文，从方框中挑选适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整；请将答写在短文后相应题号的横线上；每空限填一词，每词限用一次；方框中有两个词是余外的；2021.青海西宁 阅读短文，从下面方框中挑选正确的单词，并用其适当形式完成下面的短文；youngbeau

7、tifulagreetreequickcoversomethingthere was a man who had four sons. he wanted his sons to learn not to judge判定 things too71.so he sent them to go and look at a pear tree that was far away in turn. the first son went in winter, the优秀教案欢迎下载second in spring, the third in summer, and the72son in fall.wh

8、en they had all gone and come back, he asked them to describe what they had seen. the first son said there was73on the tree. the second son said it was74with green buds 花蕾 and full of promise. the third son said it was filled with flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful. the last son75

9、with all of them, he said it was full of fruit, life and harvest收成 . the man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they each had seen but one season in the76life. he told themthat they cannot judge a tree, or a person, by only one season, they can only be judged at the end, wh

10、en allthe seasons are up. if you give up when it s winter, you will miss the propmriinsge,othf eyour s77of your summer, the harvest of your fall. don t let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.【主旨大意】 本文主要叙述一位父亲轮番派遣四个儿子去观看一棵梨树的故事，告知人们不能以一季判定一棵树，更不能以一时判定一个人，同时也不能由于一时的失意而对整个人生都灰心丧气；71

11、. quickly依据句意他想要他的儿子们学会不要太（判定事物，结合下文中父亲派遣他们分别去 看梨树的目的可知，父亲是想要他的儿子们学会不要太快地判定事物，应选词quick （快的 ；依据句子结构分析可知，这里需要一个副词来修饰动词judge， 故填quickly ，表示他想要他的儿子们学会 不要太快地判定事物；72. youngest依据句意第一个儿子在冬天去，其次个儿子春天去，第三个儿子夏天去，（儿子秋天去可知， 此空需要一个表示长幼或先后次序的词，应选词 young（年轻的 ；依据句子结构分析可知，这里是一个the+形容词最高级的结构，是一个四人之间的比较，故填youngest，表示最年

12、轻的儿子秋天去；73. nothing依据句意第一个儿子说树上有（可知，只有something（某物 符合句意，应选词 something ；依据前文第一个儿子是冬天去的可知，此处需要一个表示否定意义的词，故填nothing ，表示树上什么都没有；74. covered依据句意其次个儿子说树（绿色的花蕾并布满生气可知，cover（掩盖 符合句意，应选词 cover；依据句子结构分析可知，这里是一个被动语态的结构，故填covered，表示树上长满了绿色的花蕾并布满生气；75. disagreed依据句意最终一个儿子 他们全部人，结合上下文可知，他是在表达观点，应选词 agree（同意 ；依据上下

13、文中最终一个儿子对树的描述与其他三个人的不同可知，此空需要一个表示否定意义的词且文中语境为一般过去时态，故填disagreed, 表示最终一个儿子不同意他们全部人；76. tree s 依据句意这个男人给他的儿子们说明到，他们都是对的，由于他们看到的只是在（ 生命中的一个季节可知，tree（树 符合句意，应选词tree；依据句子结构分析，tree 和 life 之间是所属关系，故填tree ；s表示由于他们看到的只是树的生命中的一个季节；77. beauty依据句意你假如在冬天的时候就舍弃，那么你就会错过春天的期望，夏天的（和秋天的收成可知，beautiful （漂亮的 符合句意，应选词bea

14、utiful ；依据句子结构可知，这里需要一个名 词，故填 beauty；表示假如你在冬天的时候就舍弃，那么你就会错过春天的期望，夏天的漂亮和秋天的收成；优秀教案欢迎下载2. 缺词通读全文，经行预判3. 瞻前顾后，认真填空，留意单词的变形；针对性练习：（一）forget， bring ， mend， beside， luck ，pick ，same， differently ， i ， every， stop， eachmr.brownhad an umbrella shop in a small town. people sometimes 1 himbroken umbrellas, an

15、d then he took them to a big shop in london. they were 2 there.one day mr. brown went to london by train. he 3 to take an umbrella with him that day. sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 the seat. when the train arrived in london, mr. brown 5 up the umbrella as he often did

16、during his journey by train. just as hewas getting off,he was6 bythe man. he said angrily,“ that 7_s .”m r.brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once.when mr brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. after a good look at 8 of them, he said,“ you v

17、e mended them very well.”in the afternoon he got into the train again. the 9 man was in the same seat. he looked at mr brown and his s ix umbrellas,“ you v1e0h_a_d_a day,” he said.（二）before, discover , fast, in, come, watch , so, fast it, ago , shine, not canlighttravels at a speed 速 度 which is abou

18、t a milliontimes 1 than that of sound.2 one second, light travels about 300,000 kilometers, but sound travels only 340 meters. you can get some idea of this difference by 3 the start of a running match. if you stand far awayfromthe starter发令员 , you can see smoke 4 fromhis gun 5the soundreaches your

19、ears.the fast speed of light produces some strange facts. the nearest star is 6 far away that light which you can see from it tonight started to travel to you four years 7 at a speed of nearlytwo million kilometers every minute. the light from some of tonight s started on 8 journtowards you even bef

20、ore you were born.so, if we want to be honest, we 9 say, “ thestars are shining brightlytonight.”w e have to say,“ the stars look nice. they were 10 four years ago but their light has just reached our earth.”优秀教案欢迎下载（三）all ， any， behave， difference ，drink ，eat，enjoy， fine ，other ， real， surprise， th

21、eseonce there was a teacher who took all his students for tea. what made the students 1 was that all the cups on the table were 2 . each of them took a cup and started 3 their own tea, looking at the 4 cups.the teacher said; "do you notice your 5 . you are all looking at each other's tea cu

22、ps and 6 of you even envy 仰慕 the 7 cups of others."then he went on: "i put the different cups here on purpose. life is like 8 tea. you all have the same thing in your cups tea. and yet you can't 9 enjoy it in your envy of another's cup. you forget10 your own life when you envy some

23、one else's life. so now, taste your own tea. does it matter from which cup it comes from."（四）much ,arm ,wait,see,when ,spend,she,worry ,have ,growonly mother love is true love. it gives everybody everything all his life. 1 you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possi

24、ble. in your waking hours she always holds you inher 2 . when you are ill,she stops her work right now to look after you day and night and forgets about 3 . when you are 4 up day by day, she feels very happy. when you are old enough to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time. on cold winter days, she always tells you to put on 5 clothes. she always stands in the wind 6 for you back from school.whenyouhurrytoleavehome