A_Psalm_of_Life朗费罗

1、a psalm of lifeby henry wadsworth longfellowhenry wadsworth longfellow (1807-1882)i. his life1.longfellow was born on february 27, 1807, to stephen longfellow and zilpah (wadsworth) longfellow in portland, maine, and he grew up in what is now known as the wadsworth-longfellow house. 2.henry was enro

2、lled in a dame school (an early form of a private elementary school in english-speaking countries. ) at the age of three and by age six was enrolled at the private portland academy. 3.in the fall of 1822, the 15-year-old longfellow enrolled at bowdoin college in brunswick, maine, alongside his broth

3、er stephen. 4. after graduating in 1825, he was offered a job as professor of modern languages at his alma mater. 5.then he went to europe to study language, against the wish of his father who thought his son should become a lawyer. for 4 years, he studied languages in france, spain, italy, germany

4、and england.6.in madrid, he spent time with washington irving and was particularly impressed by the authors work ethic. irving encouraged the young longfellow to pursue writing. 7.he served as a professor of modern languages at bowdoin college from 1829-1835.8.he taught modern languages at harvard f

5、rom 1836 to 1854.9. his first marriage ended in 1835, when his wife died. in 1843, he married the daughter of a wealthy industrialist who gave him wealth, and domestic happiness.10. he spent his last days in cambridge.11. he is the only american man of letters to be honored with a bust in the poets

6、conner in westminster.mary storer potter became longfellows first wife in 1831 and died four years later. after a seven-year courtship, longfellow married frances appleton in 1843. ii. contribution and limitation contribution he is the most important one of the “new england poets (other poets: willi

7、am cullen bryant, james russell lowell, oliver wendell holmes and john greenleaf whittier). based on his knowledge of european literary tradition, he became a master of sonnets and reflective lyric. he did a great service to american literature in domesticating certain forms from european literatue.

8、 his search for new forms and his efforts in conveying didacticism in popular poems brought him a popularity with the common readers in america that has never been approached by any other poet. he was also important as a translator; his translation of dante became a required possession for those who

9、 wanted to be a part of high culture. he also encouraged and supported other translators. in honor of longfellows role with translations, harvard established the longfellow institute in 1994, dedicated to literature written in the united states in languages other than english. contemporary writer ed

10、gar allan poe wrote to longfellow in may 1841 of his fervent admiration which your genius has inspired in me and later called him unquestionably the best poet in america. limitation1.he failed to reflect what he felt personally, instead of what he attained from reading.2.his poems lack of such depth

11、 and insight of a great artist as that of whitman. for the above reasons, longfellows popularity rapidly declined, beginning shortly after his death and into the 20th century as academics began to appreciate poets like walt whitman, edwin arlington robinson, and robert frost.iii. works 1) voices of

12、the night (1839) 夜吟夜吟 his first collection of poems 2) ballads and other poems (1841) 歌谣及其他歌谣及其他 ballads and other poem contains: (1 the village blacksmith 乡村铁匠乡村铁匠 (2 a psalm of life 人生礼赞人生礼赞 (3 the skeleton in aromor 铠甲骷髅铠甲骷髅 3) evangeline 伊凡吉林 4) hiawatha, based on american indian legends. 海华沙之歌

13、5) tales of a wayside inn 路畔旅舍的故事 6) his translation of divine comedy 神曲of dante 人们在临死前通常要给后人留下遗嘱,可一位在克里米亚作战的英国士兵临死前却在背诵人生礼赞。诗的作者就是美国历史上最伟大的诗人之一亨利华兹华斯朗费罗(henry wadsworth longfellow)。 朗费罗继承了浪漫主义的传统,主张“为人生而艺术”。他的优秀诗作号召建立功勋,谴责战争和奴隶制度,表现了他对人们的热爱和尊重。 人生礼赞写于1839年，诗人爱妻波特1835年因流产而病故，他一度陷入悲痛之中，而当他追求阿普尔顿（五年后成

14、为他第二任妻子）时，又遭遇颇多波折。于是他感到百感交集，觉得人生充满挫折，内心不免伤感，但在诗文中，他则勉励人们在人生道路上不懈努力，不断进取，不断追求。全诗一气呵成，感情强烈，为世人传诵。 郎费罗的人生礼赞匿名发表的时候，正是美国资本主义蒸蒸日上的发展阶段。它以饱满浓郁的激情，乐观向上的态度，唱出了对人生的热爱，对美好生活的追求，肯定了积极进取、奋发向上的人生态度，批判了人生如梦的悲观情调，富有强烈的感染力。这一精神是与当时的时代脉搏紧紧连在一起的，因而得到了多数人的共鸣，被誉为“真正美国心脏的跳动”。当时的著名诗人惠蒂埃（john. g. whittier）读了此诗后赞叹说：“我们不知道作

15、者我们不知道作者是谁，但他或她绝不是等闲之辈。这九节单纯的诗，是谁，但他或她绝不是等闲之辈。这九节单纯的诗，比雪莱、济慈和华兹华斯等人所有的梦想加在一起比雪莱、济慈和华兹华斯等人所有的梦想加在一起有价值得多。这首诗是呼吸着、充沛着我们今天的有价值得多。这首诗是呼吸着、充沛着我们今天的时代精神的时代精神的它是一个有为的世纪的精神蒸气它是一个有为的世纪的精神蒸气机。机。”且不管这评论客观与否，但从中至少可以看出此诗在当时所引起的轰动。a psalm of lifeby henry wadsworth longfellow第一、二节，针对“人生如梦”的颓废论调，开宗明义地指出“人生是实在的，人生不是

16、虚无”。第三、四、五、六节进一步指出，既然生活不是梦，那就要抓住现在去实干，去行动。第七、八两节以伟人的榜样来激励人们，要在“时间的沙滩上”留下脚印，以给后来者以鼓舞，最后一节以更为激昂的声调总结全诗，首尾呼应，在“不断去收获，不断去追求”的强音中结束全诗。 本诗四句一节，共计三十六句，分为九节。上一节是下一节内容的铺垫，每一节内容都有层层递进的趋向，向一支无形而又强有力的手，一步步地把我们推向思想的高潮。 longfellow then encourages everyone to have faith and trust the lord and not to rely on an unk

17、nown future to be stable and supportive. he advises people to seize the moments they have before them and act while thinking about their present situations. theme o the poem is english poem translated into chinese. its simple and forceful language, sincere emotion and smooth rhythm have won apprecia

18、tion from chinese readers. 君勿消沉与我言：人生如梦空辗转！ 精神不振何异无，且勿世事表面看。 人生真实亦严肃，岂能碌碌入坟墓？ 尘土之身终化尘，所不化者汝精神。 享乐受苦非天定，何去何从由自己。 要在笃行与恒行，明日进步于今日。 艺术乃为长久计，奈何光阴飞逝去！ 心虽强健且踊跃，已始开奏送葬曲。 如鼓被蒙音沉闷，敲敲打打送坟茔。 浩浩世界如战场，人生匆匆如宿营。 莫作牛马忍吞声，任人驱使究可悯。 叱咤风云搏激流，是则名为真英雄。 未来再好总是虚，过去已逝令过去。 惟有现在属自己，雄猛精进是道理。 志心坚定不稍移，举头三尺有上帝。 古今圣贤皆垂范，当以善业自庄严。 当如沙滩留足印，生命短暂莫空还。 足印留待后来人，人生之海启航程。 樯倾楫催孤无助，见此足印心振奋。 吾辈故应起而行，心无挂碍得与失。 耕耘求索莫断续，要学苦干与待机。 人生礼赞 勿用悲伤的诗句说， 人生只是空梦一场！ 因沉睡的灵魂死亡， 世事都改变了模样。人生真实！人生重要！ 坟墓不是生命的归宿： 你尘里来，必尘里往， 但言及灵魂却不一样。 享受与悔憾，并非 我们的旅途或终点。 唯有行动，才会发现， 明天比今天走更远。 艺术永存，光阴似箭，我们的心虽坚定勇敢，在通往墓地的出殡行列里，仍似敲击的沉闷鼓点。 在世间辽阔的战场， 在生命露宿的地方， 别像喑哑任人驱赶的牲口！ 要当