初中英语时态汇总（共8个中考生提分必背）（直接打印每生一份熟记）

1、初中英语时态汇总、一般现在时【标志】动词原形1. 表示经常性或习惯性动作：she often speaks english.i leave home for school at 7 every morning.2. 表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力、感觉等：he seems to feel a bit down today.he works as a driver.3. 表示真理、客观存在、科学事实或用于格言警句中：shanghai lies in the east of china.columbus proved that the earth is round.where there is

2、a will, there is a way.注意：在时间和条件状语从句中常使用一般现在时表将来when bill comes , ask him to wait for me.i shall go there tomorrow unless t m too busy.二、一般过去时【标志】动词过去式1. 表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态，如：jim rang you just now.liu ying was in america last year.2. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，特别是used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去 常常。如：when i was a kid,

3、 i often played football in the street.she used to visit her mother once a week.*注意区分sb. used to do sth.（某人过去常常做某事，此处to是动词不定式标志符号） 和sb. be used to sth. /doing slh.（某人习惯于某物/做某事，此处to是介词）。3. 代替一般现在时，表示一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。此用法仅适用于少数动词（如 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等）及情态动词 could, wouid0 如：i wondered if

4、 you could have a word with me.i hoped you could help me with my english.would you mind my sitting here?三、一般将来时【标志】will / shall +动词原形1. 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，如：we shall have a lot of rain next month.my husband wi11 come back in a few days.2. 表示倾向性和习惯性：fish will die wi thout water.when it gets warmer, the

5、snow wi11 start to melt.3. 般将来时的几种句式结构辨析：1）will/shall +动词原形多用于表达主观愿望或必定会发生的事情（“将会如何”）*shall 作助动词时-般只用于第一人称2) be going to +动词原形表示即将发生或打算要做的事：it is going to rain.we are going to have a meeting today.3) be to +动词原形表示按方案或安排即将要发生的动作：he is to visit japan next year.we are to discuss the report on monday.4)

6、 be about to +动词原形表示即将发生的动作，意为“马上要做某事”，后而一般不跟时 间状语，如:the plane is about to start.don" t worry. i am about to make a close examination on you.四、现在进行时【标志】be +动词的现在分词1. 表示说活时正在进行的动作：she is writing a letter upstairs.who are you waiting for?it is raining hard.2. 表示现阶段一直在进行的动作(说话时动作未必正在进行)：i hear mr.

7、 green is writing another novel.3. 表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，往往包含说话者赞扬、贲备、厌恶等情绪，通常与always, constantly, continual ly, forever 等频度副词连用。如：john is forever asking silly questions like a stupid.he is always thinking of others first.4. 表示将来1) 表示按方案、安排将要发生的动作，仅适用于局部趋向动词(如g。，come, leave, start, arrive 等如：uncle wang is c

8、oming.they're leaving for beijing.2) 在时间和条件状语从句中，现在进行时表示将来某时正在发生的事情。如：please drop in when you are passing my way.if he is still sleeping, don' t wake him up.五、过去进行时【标志】was / were +动词的现在分词1. 表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作，如：i was having a talk with lucy at that time.they were watching tv at home last n

9、ight.2. 表示过去反复出现或习惯性的动作，往往包含说话者赞扬、责备、厌恶等情绪如：my brother was always losing his keys.3. 表示按方案、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作，仅适用于局部趋向动词(如go, come,1 eave, start, arri ve 等)。如：he said they were leaving for beijing this afternoon.4. 过去进行时有一个主要用法就是描述一件事情发生的背景(一个於动作延续的时候，另 一个短动作发生)：granny fell asleep when she was reading.i

10、t was raining when they left the station.六、现在完成时【标志】have / has +动词的过去分词1. 表示一个过去发生并己完成的动作对现在产生影响或结果,强调的是现在的状况(表示"己 完成如：lie has left lhe city.(结果：他目前不在这个城市)someone has broken the window.(结果：窗户破 了)2. 表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也可能还会继续持续下去(表示“未完成i have been busy since last week.he has taught in our school

11、for 30 years.i' ve finished half so far.注意：瞬间动词通常是不能用现在完成时表持续性的，但其否认结构那么可以。如：she hasn' t seen you for ages.his father hasn' t touched beer for a whole week.3. 表示过去到现在为止反复发生的动作或屡次出现的状态，常与表示频度的副词always, often, every day 等连用。如：i have often heard that he is the cleverest person in that compa

12、ny.4. 在时间和条件状语从句中，现在完成时表示将来某时完成的动作。如：【'11 go to your home when i have finished my homework.if it has stopped snowing in the morning, we" 11 go the park.5. 与现在完成时连用的常见词语能与现在完成时连用的同语很多，just, already, yet, before, never, ever, recently 等，但常见的有：1) since 自从i have been there many times since the

13、war.we haven' t seen each other since last week.we have been friends ever since.2) in / for / during the past/last years 在过去/最近中i ve been ill for the past three weeks.great changes have take place in the last ten years.i have been here (for) the last/past month.3) so far到目前为止we haven' t had

14、any trouble so far.so far the search for the missing middle-aged woman has been fruitless.4) up to/until now到现在为止up to now he' s been quiet.up to now, the work has been easy.i have heard nothing from him up till now.up till now we have planted over 2000 trees.5) it is/will be the first/second ti

15、me that 这是第一/二次it' s the first lime (that) i' ve been here.it wi11 be the first lime (that) i' ve spoken in public.it is the second time (that) i have met him today.6) this is +形容词最高级+ that这是最this is the best fiim that ve (ever) seen.6. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1)现在完成时强调对现在的影响和结果，与现在有联系：而般过去时强调这个动作

16、发生的 时间是在过去，不涉及对现在的影响。如：i have seen this film.(我已经看过了这部电影)i saw this film yesterday.(我是昨天看的这部电影)2) 现在完成时常与模糊的时间状语连用(如for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, always等)，或者干脆没有时间状语:而一般过去时常与具体的时间状 语连用(如 yesterday, last night, ago, in 1980, in february 等)。3) 现在完成时表示持续时一般使用延续性动词(如

17、live, teach, work, kno*等)：而一般 过去时常使用瞬间动词(如begin, buy, die, marry等如:he has 1ived in hangzhou since last spring.my grandfather bought the car five years ago.7. 易错点辨析1) 考生容易把一些瞬间动词用现在完成时表达，这是错误的。如：(x) he has died for two years.他死了两年了。(j) he has been dead for two years.(j) he died two years ago.(x) the

18、film has begun for 10 minutes.电影开演十分钟了。(j) the film has been on for 10 minutes.(j) the film began 10 minutes ago.(x) she has married for three years.她结婚有三年了。(v) she has been married for three years.(j) she married mike three years ago.2) 考生不憧如何区分have been to和have gone to,尽管两者均可后接地点，但have been to表示去过

19、某地(现在已经回来了)，have gone to表示到某地去了(现在还没问来)。如：she has been to paris (three times).she has gone to paris.七、过去完成时【标志】had +动词的过去分词1. 表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前2经发生的动作或2经存在的状态。如：by the end of last week he had finished the work.he had left when 1 arrived.2. 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。如：we had not seen each other since i left beijing.the film had been on for 5 minutes when i got to the cinema.3. 某些表意向的动词(如intend, think, plan, expect, hope等)的过去完成时表示主语 未曾实现的愿望、希望、打算。如：i had intended to visit you last night, but someone called and i couldn' t get away.we had hoped that you would come, but you didn' t.4.