2022年何凯文基础写作课知识点整理

1、学习必备欢迎下载何凯文考研英语写作基础课程学问点整理主讲：何凯文 整理：心理守夜人一、作文构成：（一）应用文 10 分，分为书信和告示两大类，考生平均分6 分，我们的目标是8 分；（二）谈论文 20 分，分为图画作文（一般是英语 1）和图表作文（一般是英语 2），考生平均分 8 分，我们的目标是 14+分；谈论文的分值包括嘉奖分（3 分）基准分（ 17 分）；嘉奖分要求：正确、正规、可读；基准分要求：内容、形式、语言（最重要）；二、嘉奖分书写要求（一）书写工整（很重要）（二）标点规范1. 句号为一点2. 逗号不能连接两个句子3. 不能写书名号，可用 the book of+书名（首字母大写）代

2、替4. 引号”5. 括号6. 破折号7. 如&等标记不建议使用（三）修改正确1. 如需修改可使用 / 划掉错误的词，在正上方写上正确的词即可；2. 如需添加，可用两单词空格下方加 ”，并在上方加相加的词即可；三、基准分（一）内容1. 有话说：万能角度（见 2021 写作高分攻略 p55），万能例子；2. 别跑题：内容趋同，先字后图（二）形式：分三段（三）语言1. 句式：正确、复杂、多变2. 用词：正确、多样3. 如何做到句式正确？ 1.句子主干正确(2). 五大基本句型：动词的用法(3). 写作时态：现在时为主，有时用将来时，不主见过去时； 4.如何做到句式复杂学习必备欢迎下载1.加

3、adj 或 adv：n+adj；v+adv 2.加同位语： n 或者句子3.加介词短语做状语：时间状语，地点状语4.加定语从句5.将两个句子写成一个句子note：万能状语1.the spirit of creation is indispensably=very important in the times of knowledge explosion,when the news,facts,opinions and even rumors have been bombarding us from every corner of the world.2.the environmental pr

4、eservation really matters,especially in china,a nation with the huge population undergoing the remarkable rapid economic growth.5.如何做到句式多变1.虚拟语气 =观点的表达方式而不是事实句式一： it is high time that+主语+动词过去式 +其他it is high time that we took effective initiatives to put the situation on hold.句式二： it is imperative th

5、at +主语+should+动词+其他.意为必需做 .it is imperative that our media undertake more research before they set pen to paper.it is imperative that corresponding laws and regulations be introduced andenforced to curb and harness this urgent problem.句式三：虚拟条件句if there were no sth,sb would not do sth.if there were n

6、o reform and opening-up policy,we would not taste kfc ormcdonalds.（假如能完整无误地拼写专有词汇比如人名、书名、商标名等，会给阅卷老师留下好印象； ）if there were no hope project,those children in remote area would not taste the precious knowledge.were there no the self-confidence,the youngster would not taste the realhappiness of the succ

7、ess.2.倒装句式一：部分倒装：是指将谓语动词的一部分如助动或情态动词置于主语之前；否定词或 only 或带有否定含义的状语被置于句首，会引起句子的部分倒装；only in this ways can we put the situation on hold.i think that.=no thinking man would refuse to accept the idea that.句式二： 完全倒装： 是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前；通常只用于一般现在时和过去时；主系表倒装为表系主on the stage stands a man.in the sunshine stand

8、s a young tree.系动词： be,exist come,go,stand,sit,run,walk,lie,swim,fly. in the greenhouse stands a delicate flower.3.as 引导的从句as做代词时 +定语从句as做连词时 +状语从句as is shown above,.如. 上所示as we all know,.众. 所周知as you are old（状语从句） ,.当你老了4.省略句并列引起省略，省略相同的成分状语从句的省略：例 1：when removed out of the shelter,the flower can n

9、ot weather the storm.例 2：we need more drastic/dramatic measure to stop the environment moving further to the sorry state that it already has in the past three decades.5.other than 和 rather than 之类的插入语例 1:i am the best teacher.i,rather than any else,am the best teacher. no one,other i,is the best tea

10、cher.例 2:否定+比较级 =最高级the problem of environment is the most serious in china.the problem of environment is more serious in no country other than china.in no country other than china,it has been said tha（t environment more serious.6.综合运用：the education is very important now.据说） ,is the problem ofthe st

11、akes involving education have been the highest now.the stakes involving education have never been higher in any era of our nation than now.never/in any era of our nation/ have/ the stakes involving education beenhigher/ than now.in no country other than china,according to a survey,is the phenomenon

12、of cultural exchange more obvious.in no domain other than family education,according to a survey,is the effect of role model more evident.（四）用词如何做到多样1.替换 very：同源修饰indispensably importantsignificantly important gracefully beautiful2.and the like：意为等等，替换生疏词；3adj 转折修饰使文章更加有思辨颜色，见写作高分攻略p127；4.反复取非 p127；

13、(5) 重视积存 p121(6) 重复和押韵survival and success introduce and enforce beauty and beastaspire to inspire until i expire.四、考研英语写作逐段绽开第一段：描述图画其次段：阐释寓意第三段：给出评论 / 例子（一）第一段的逐句绽开（ 23 句） 第一句：图画描述句其次句：图画影响句（引起了关注）第三句：图画意义句（意义很深刻）第一句的写法：如上所示： as is shown above用,完全倒装描述中心对象的位置，用非谓语动词或定语从句描述中心对象的动作或状态， 用独立主格结构描述四周事物或

14、中心对象的某一部分；1.as is shown above,on the stage stands a handsome and gentle but reasonable man,holding the microphone and giving the impressive lecture,with his excellent students taking notes and involving in the interaction positively.2.as is shown above,in the sunshine stands a pretty american girl,w

15、ho is in the traditional chinese costume wearing the ear-rings and the like,with sweet smile on her delicate face.p47note:配图文字的处理1.不处理2.处理1.用独立主格 +直接翻译.,with a line going like this:.,with the caption reading that:.2.用谚语的方式另写一句p182、185 just as an old proverb says,.其次句的写法：1. the great concern among th

16、e public has been aroused by this picture.2. the picture captures the great attention and abundant imagination on weibo,a popular social media in our country.3. the picture has stimulated a heated discussion on the wechat,a popular social network these days.4. the topic illustrated in the picture wi

17、ll make good copy in the newspaper. 5.people are drawn by the truth disclosed by this picture.6.the public is astonished by the bitter truth revealed by this picture.第三句的写法：（意义句）深刻1. simple as the picture is,the symbolic meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.2. simple as the picture is,the author in

18、tends to convey much more complicated and profound meaning than what we may sense at the first glance.3. the drawing truly displays a status quo（现状） that is worthy of our attention.4. this carries a profound message that demands our devoted attention and instant action.5. we cannot afford to turn a blind eye to the problem highlighted by this picture.（二）其次段的逐句绽开平行绽开法因果绽开法举例法科学论据法（三）第三段的逐句绽开1. 你