高考书面表达怎样运用复杂结构和高级词汇及示例

1、高考书面表达怎样运用复杂结构和高级词汇及示例近儿年的爲考考试说明中，关于高考英语书而衣达评分标准第五档（很好）屮冇这样一段话:”应用了 较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方而有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较髙级词汇所致。”这 就是说，学生仅运用基础的词汇利基木的句型，不能体现岀较强的语言运用能力，即使表达无语法错误迪不能 得高分湘反冇些错误，目的在冇意识地使用复杂结构或较高级词汇也不扌ii分，仍属于最高档次。高考把写作 要求提到了这样一个高度，有利于反映学生的水平层次，冇利于指导教学。原來"要点完整，语言无误，行文连贯, 衣达淸楚”的标准就落后了。在平时的教学中，训练绘多的，

2、学生们也放习惯的是五种基本句型:主语+谓语;主语+谓语+宾语;主 语+谓语+间接宾语;主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;主语+谓语+宾语+补足语。用这些句型组织的句子 单一、无生气，不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受。客观形势对我们捉出了高难度的要求，我们怎样才能对书 面表达进行科学的操作?怎样才能控制写作呢?木文拟就这一课题进行讨论，希望能给学生以启迪，调动积极 性，开拓思维，培养创新精神。首先,在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句型，耍灵活运用各种语法结构，使文章有声有色。一、改变时态例:the bell is ringing now.（般）there goes the bell!（高级）二、改变语

3、态例:people suggest that the conference be put off.（ 般）it is suggested that the conference be put off.（高级）三、使用不定式例:he is so kind that he can help me.（_般）he is so kind as to help me（高级）四、使用过去分词例:she walked out of the lab and many students followed her（ 一般）followed by many students, she walked out of th

4、e lab（高级）once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.（般）once seen, it can never be forgotten.（高级）五、使用v-ing形式例:when he arrives, please give me an e-mail.（般）on arriving/liis arrival, please give me an（目级）if the weather permits, fll come tomorrowph come tomorrow, weather pennittii】g（高级）六、使用名词性从句例:il dis

5、appointed everybody that he didn'l turn up.（般）the fact that he didn't turn up disappointed every body.（衙级）%1 i happened to have met him.（ 一般）it happened that i had met him（高级）%1 to his suiprise, the little girl knows so many things.（般）what surprises him is that the little girl knows so many

6、things.七、使用定语从句例:the girl is spoken highly of. her composition was well written/一般）the girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of（高级）、使用状语从句例:i won't believe what he says.（ 一般）no matter what he says, i won't believe.（高级）%1 if you come back before six o'clock, you can go

7、out（般）you can go out on condition that（provided that） you come back before six ooock（高级）%1 if she doesnrt agree, what shall we do?（一般）supposing that she doesn't agree, what shall we do?（高级）九、使用虚拟语气示例：书而表达：请根拯下面提示，写-篇题目为"smoking-的短文。100词左右。吸烟的危害心畴解,饶症,全低界毎年有两百五卜万人死吸烟仃关的疾病戒烟难的原囚形成习惯，内含尼古丁，使人m

8、s已采取的措施警告人们吸烟的危書，公共场所禁止吸烟，报jf烟广告，世界无烟h设定开头部分已给出it is almost known to all that smoking is bad for people's health. 学生习作：it is almost known to all that smoking is bad for people's health. smoking can lead <1> heart disease, canccr and other problems. there are 2.5 million people died of

9、<2> smokingstill, many people find it difficult to stop smoking. one reason is that smoking usually become <3> a habit, which is not easy to be given up. another reason is the effect of nicotine, which <4> contained in tobacco.measures have took <5> to help people keep away f

10、rom the habit of smoking. in many cities, smoking is forbidden in public place <6>. the dangerous <7> of smoking is warned of everywhere and newspapers arc asked not to publish advertisements for cigarette <8>. world "no tobacco day" has been set up <9> against smok

11、ing评析：1lead后加too lead to是固定短语,含义是“导致”。2died of改为dying from。用现在分词作定语，因人死是主动的动作；或改为定语从句who die from。 再者注意die of与die from用法的区别：die of ：因患.而死（原因是來自内部），后常加这样的名词： hunger, cold, poison, illness, old age, a disease, cancer, boredom（无聊），thirst, sorrow, disappointed love（失恋），a fever, heat.； die from：由于而死（原因常來

12、自外部），后常加这样的名词：accident, overwork, ca-reiessness, drinking, smoking, some unknown cause.,所以文中cl勺 of 应 改为from。3become改为becomeso v-ing作主语时谓语动词用单数。<4） which后加is。尼古丁（被）含在烟草屮，所以此处为被动语态。<5> have took改为have been takeno措施是被采取，所以应为被动语态，注意lake的过去分词是（aken。（6） place改为placeso place意为"场所”，是町数名词。(7) d

13、angerous改为danger0此处应为名词。 cigarette改为cigaretteso香烟足町数名词，此处应为复数。(9)去掉up。set意为“设定，确定'时是及物动词，up多余。总评：优点：此书面表达耍点齐全，叙述有层次，连贯口如，准确地运用了时态，并尝试着用较为复杂的句式，如： one reason is that smoking usually become(s) a habit, which is not easy to be given up.不足：对一些固定短语及词的用法掌握不太牢，如：die of /die from, lead to, set等；对词性及名词的数

14、、 语态用得不是很准确。修改后:it is almost known to all that smoking is bad for peoples health smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other problems. there arc 2.5 million people dying from smoking every year.still, many people find it difficult to stop smoking. one reason is that smoking usually becomes a habit, which is not easy to be given up. another reason is the effect of nicotine, which is contained in tobacco.measures have been taken to help people keep away from the harm of smoking. in