探析初中数学教学中学生创新思维能力的培养

1、创新是一个民族的灵魂，是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力。当今，现代科技迅猛发展， 对学生的创新思维能力提出了更高的要求。对学生而言，初中阶段是培养创新思维能力的黄 金时期，而貝有创造性的学习活动在一定程度上能够激发他们的创新思维能力。初中数学是 一门基础的学科,其教学的最终h的就是培养学生的思维能力，为学生将来的发展奠定基础。 在数学教学屮，培养学生的创新思维能力任重而道远，需要我们进行长期的努力。一、活跃课堂教学氛围，诱发学生创新意识民主、平等的教学氛围才能促使创造思维能力的形成和发展。在初屮数学课堂教学屮， 师生关系是学习氛围的一个重要方而。师生关系融洽，使学生们能够敢说、敢问、敢想，从 而能

2、够诱发学生的创新思维能力。平等、民主、轻松、和谐的师生关系和课堂气氛才能冇利 于开启学生的创造潜能，培养学生的创造性思维；口由、轻松、积极的教学环境，才有利于 学生突破常规，勇于想彖。教学中教师应以活跃课堂教学、激活学生创新思维作为出发点， 运川各种方式，为学牛构建良好的课堂教学氛围，活泼教学课堂，才有利于学牛探索创新的 学习情境。有效地组织学生积极参与课堂活动，真正做到课堂上活跃起来。教师应激励学生 勇于探究，敢于挑战问题，勇往直前的精神。二、巧设问题情境，引导学牛主动探究初屮数学教师在教学实践屮要对教材有深入的探究，并能够发现学生生活屮的数学问题, 从学生的实际出发，通过创设问题情境培养学

3、生的创新想、维能力。比如，教师可以借助一些 需要用数学知识解决实际问题的例子激发学生提问的兴趣,如银行的活期、定期的利率不同， 存款所得的利息计算等。在这一点上，教师要对学生的学习情况有较为全面的了解，弄清处 不同层次学生的学习水平，并有针对性地挖掘学生的好奇心和求知欲。耍引导学生从身边的 数学现象进行探究，从而激发学生学习数学的兴趣。针对不同学生的学习能力，教师所提出 的问题应该在难度上有所区分，并坚持由易到难的学习进度，对教材的更难点进行二次加工， 便于学生的不同程度地接收。在问题的设计中要尽量设计一些具有新颖性、思维性、扩散 性的问题，鼓励学生进行独立的思考，并乐于分享自己思考的结果，让

4、学生在分享之后进行 再次讨论得出正确的结论，这个探究学习的过程较以往教师灌输式的模式要更有效率，学牛 能够在课堂上得到充分的鼓励，并营造了思考的氛围，学牛长此以往就会成为学习的主动者， 从而调动和培养学生的创新思维能力三、重视学生想象力的培养想象是思维探索的翅膀。因此，在初中数学教学中，教师要引导学纶进行数学想象，往 往能缩煎解决问题的时间，获得数学发现的机会，锻炼数学思维。想象力是培养学生创新思 维能力的源泉，人类思维屮无与伦比的想象力是使科学不断进入未知领域的原始动力。想象 不同于胡思乱想，想象有以下儿个基本要素:笫一，因为想象往往是一种知识飞跃性的联结， 因此耍有扎实的基础知识和丰富的经

5、验的支持。奥苏贝尔在同化概念里认为：同化就是所学 的新知识与原有认知结构相互作用，原有认知结构包含了新知识并扩人自身，形成更高度分 化的认知结构的过程。第二，要有能迅速摆脱表象t扰的敏锐的洞察力和丰富的想象力。第 三,要有执着追求的悄感。因此，培养学生的想象力,学好有关的基础知识是非常重要的。 新知识的产生除去推理外，常常包含前人的想象因素，所以在初中数学教学中应根据教材潜 在的因索，创设想象情境，提供想象材料，诱发学牛的创造性想象。四、培养学生白己动手的能力，开展多种创造性的活动杨振宁博士曾做过这样的对比，“中国学生学习成绩比一起学习的美国学生好得多，然 而10年示，科研成果却比人家少得多，

6、原因何在？就在于美国的学生思维活跃，动手能力 和创新能力强”。因此，我们的教育应向美国学习一些好的方法，多给学生一些h由时间， 让学生多做一些创造性的工作，教师要让学生积极参为课堂，开动脑筋，拓宽思维，并发现 自己在分析问题、解决问题时的不足之处。例如：在讲解应用题时教学生，尽量让学生能一 题多解，乂或者把原题改题、编题、变题等灵活变通，从而加深沪牛对新知识的理解，提高 探索新知识的兴趣，这个过程不仅训练了学生的玄觉思维和简单的逻辑思维能力，也培养了 学生认识事物的独创性和跳跃性思维。除此以外，还应培养学生动手动脑的创造能力，如让 学生进行小制作、小发明，并经常表扬学生的劳动成果。这样就能激发

7、学生的创造发明欲望， 提高学生的创新思维能力和动手操作能力。总之，培养学牛的创新思维能力需要教师在教学中不断探索和实践。在初中数学教学中 教师要始终做到“心中冇学生，心中冇主体”，营造和谐愉悦的课堂氛围，创设问题情境， 让学生去重新体验发现知识的过程，并提出一些问题去自主探究解决，重视数学活动的过程, 重视数学思想方法的教学；使学生在教学过程中不断提高创新思维能力。因此，教师要不断 改变传统的教学模式，不断启发、诱导、教育学生乐于探索，勇于探索，善于探索。inno vati on is the soul of a n atio n* is the in exhaustible drivi ng

8、 force for the prosperity of a coun try. today, moder n scie nee and tech no logy rapid developme nt, to the students' i nno vative thinking ability put forward higher requirements. for students, junior middle school stage is to cultivate inno vative thin king ability of the golde n age, and cre

9、ative lear ning activities in a certai n exte nt to stimulate their creative thinking ability. junior high school mathematics is a basic subject, the ultimate goal of teachi ng is to cultivate the stude nts1 thinking ability, to lay a good foun dati on for the developme nt of the stude nts in the fu

10、ture in mathematics teachi ng, cultivate stude nts' creative thinking ability is a long way to go, we need iong-term efforts a, active classroom atmosphere, induce students° creative consciousnessdemocratic and equal teachi ng atmosphere to en courage the formati on and developme nt of crea

11、tive thinking ability the relati on ship betwee n teachers and stude nts in junior middle school mathematics classroom teachi ng is an importa nt aspect of lear ning atmosphere harmonious relati on ship betwee n teachers and stude nts, en able the stude nts to dare to say, dare, dare to think, able

12、to induce the students" ability of creative thinking. equality, democracy, relaxed, harm onious relati on ship betwee n teachers and stude nts and classroom atmosphere can help open the students' creative potential, develop the students' creative thinking; free, relaxed and positive tea

13、chi ng environ ment, to help students break through the conve ntional, dare to imagi ne. in teaching teachers should take active classroom teachi ng, activate the stude nts' creative thinking as a start i ng point, using a variety of ways, build good classroom teachi ng atmosphere for stud en ts

14、, lively classroom teachi ng, is helpful for stude nts to explore inn ovative lear ning situations. effectively organize students to actively participate in class activities, really perked up in class teachers should motivate students to explore, dare to challenge problem, the spirit of courage.seco

15、nd, set problem situation opportunely, guides the student to actively exploredjunior middle school mathematics teachers in the teachi ng practice to have in-depth exploration to the teachi ng material, and can be found that the stude nts of mathematical problems in life, from the reality of students

16、, through the creation of problem situation to cultivate the students' innovative thinking ability. for example, teachers can use some examples of need to use mathematical knowledge to solve practical problems arouse students' interest in questions, such as bank of current and time is differ

17、ent, the interest rate for the savings of the proceeds of the interest calculation, etc at this point, the teacher must have comprehensive knowledge of students' learning situation, find out different levels of students learning level, and targeted to tap students' curiosity and thirst for k

18、nowledge. to guide students from nearby explore the phenomenon of mathematics, so as to stimulate students' interest in learning mathematics. according to different students1 learning ability, the teacher questions should be in difficulty to disti nguish, and stick to progress from easy to diffi

19、cult, the difficult point of teachi ng material of sec on dary processing, facilitate stude nts receive in differe nt degrees in the desig n of the problem to desig n no vel, thinking, diverge nt questi ons, en courage students to in depe ndent thinking, and willing to share their thinking as a resu

20、lt, let the students discuss again after share the right conclusion, this process of inquiry learning teacher force-feeding the model to be more efficient than ever before and are fully encouraged students to class, and built the atmosphere of thinking, the students in the long term will become acti

21、ve learners, to arouse and cultivate students' innovative thinking abilitythird, attention to the cultivation of students* imaginationimagination is the wing of thinking to explore. therefore, in the junior middle school mathematics teaching, teachers should guide students to mathematical imagin

22、ation, often can shorten the time to solve the problem, opportunity to gain mathematical discovery, exercise mathematical thinking. imagination is the source of cultivating students1 innovative thinking ability, unparalleled imagination in the human mind is the original power to science continued in

23、to the unknown. i magi nation is differe nt from the thinki ng, imagi ne the followi ng a few basic elements: first, because imagination is often a leap of knowledge cormection, so to have a solid basis of knowledge and rich experienee. ausubel in the concept assimilation: assimilation is learning n

24、ew knowledge and original cognitive structure interaction, the original cognitive structure contains the new knowledge and expand itself a more highly differentiation process of cognitive structure second, we should have a keen insight can quickly get rid of the image interference and rich imaginati

25、on. third, we should have a persistent pursuit of emotion. therefore, to cultivate the stude nts' imagi nation, it is very imports nt to lear n about the basic knowledge of. new knowledge is produced by removing the reasonin目 often contain predecessors' imagi nation factors, so in the j unio

26、r middle school mathematics teachi ng should be according to the teachi ng material pote ntial factors, imagi ne situati on, provide imaginati on materials, induce students1 creative imagination.fourth, cultivate students' ability of diy, carry out a variety of creative activitiesdr yang ever do

27、 such a contrast, hthe chinese students study result is much better than the american students who study together; ten years later, however, research is much less than the somebody else, why? is that the students' thinking active, practice ability and innovation ability'1. therefore, our edu

28、cation should learn from the united states some good method, to give students more free time, let the students do some creative work, teachers should make students actively participate in the classroom, use your head, broaden the mind, and he found himself on the analysis of the problems, solve the

29、problem of deficiency. in the interpretation of the applicatio n, for example, whe n teachi ng stude nts，try to let the stude nts can be more tha n one solution, or the original topic change topic, problem, change the topic, such as flexibility, so as to deepen students' understanding of new kno

30、wledge and improve the interest, explore new knowledge this process not only train the students1 intuitive thinki ng and simple logical thin king ability, and cultivate the stude nts to un d erst a nd somethi ng origi nal and un conve ntional thinking. in addition, still should cultivate student's creative ability, such as let the student to carry on the small productio r sma