在职研究生英语词汇复习

1、English Lexicology(II)1张燕华张燕华英语专业教研室英语专业教研室English Lexicology(II)2词汇常考题型词汇常考题型English Lexicology(II)3词汇测试的目的主要是测试词汇测试的目的主要是测试对词语的掌握程度，对词语的掌握程度，运用能力及辨析能力运用能力及辨析能力。词汇部分特别注重对。词汇部分特别注重对基础基础词汇词汇的测试，的测试， 或是或是词的辨析和比较词的辨析和比较， 或是或是固定搭固定搭配配， 或是或是常用的词组常用的词组。学习掌握一些英语构词法学习掌握一些英语构词法注意比较注意比较同义词和近义词的区别。同义词和近义词的区别。熟

2、记固定词组搭配熟记固定词组搭配。充分利用题干中的充分利用题干中的逻辑关系逻辑关系进行推理。进行推理。题干中的逻辑关系包括同义结构、反义关系、因题干中的逻辑关系包括同义结构、反义关系、因果关系等。果关系等。 English Lexicology(II)4一、同义词与近义词一、同义词与近义词 指含义基本相同或相近的词，但考生指含义基本相同或相近的词，但考生需要能区分这些同义词与近义词的不需要能区分这些同义词与近义词的不同用法及其基本搭配。同用法及其基本搭配。 English Lexicology(II)51.The discovery of new oil-fields in various pa

3、rts of the country filled the government with _ hope. A. eternal B. infinite C. ceaseless D. everlasting eternal: 永恒的永恒的 infinite：无限的：无限的 ceaseless: 不停的，继续的不停的，继续的 everlasting:永久的永久的,无休止的无休止的 English Lexicology(II)62. Although he has become rich, he is still very _ of his money. A. economic B. thrif

4、ty C. frugal D. careful economic: 经济的，不浪费的经济的，不浪费的 thrifty: 节约的，不乱花钱的节约的，不乱花钱的 thrifty of frugal: 节约的，不乱花钱的，节约的，不乱花钱的，frugal with careful 小心的小心的 English Lexicology(II)7二、形似词二、形似词 指同根词，指同根词， 即词根相同，即词根相同， 但词义、用但词义、用法有差异的词；法有差异的词； 以及同缀词，以及同缀词， 即词前即词前缀或后缀相同，缀或后缀相同， 但词义、用法不同的但词义、用法不同的词。词。 English Lexicol

5、ogy(II)83. The _ physicist has been challenged by others in his field. A. respectable B. respectful C. respective D. respecting respectable: 令人尊敬的，令人尊敬的， 可敬的可敬的 respectful: 恭敬的，有礼貌的恭敬的，有礼貌的 respective: 各自的，分别的各自的，分别的 respecting: 关于关于 English Lexicology(II)94. Your advice would be_ valuable to him, w

6、ho is now at a loss as to what to do. A. exceedingly B. excessively C. extensively D. exclusively exceedingly: 及其，非常及其，非常 excessively: 过多，过分过多，过分 extensively: 广泛地，大量地广泛地，大量地 exclusively: 专有地，单独地专有地，单独地 English Lexicology(II)10三、基本搭配和固定短语三、基本搭配和固定短语 注意积累一定的习惯用法和搭配。注意积累一定的习惯用法和搭配。 English Lexicology(I

7、I)115. You must let me have the annual report without _ by ten oclock tomorrow morning. A. failure B. hesitation C. trouble D. fail without failure 为固定用法，表示为固定用法，表示“一一定，定， 必定必定” English Lexicology(II)126. I only know the man by _ but I have never spoken to him. A. chance B. heart C. sight D. experie

8、nce by chance: 偶然的，意外的偶然的，意外的 by heart: 用心记住用心记住 by sight: 面熟面熟 by experience: 从经验中从经验中 English Lexicology(II)137. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _. A. on view B. at a glance C. on the scene D. in sight on view: 展览，展

9、览， 陈列陈列 at a glance: 看一眼就看一眼就 on the scene: 出现，出现， 到场到场 in sight: 在视野中，在视野中， 看得见看得见 English Lexicology(II)14四、四、 常见动词与介词、副词构成的短语常见动词与介词、副词构成的短语8. She refused to _ the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit （押金）（押金）. A. hand in B. hand out C. hand down D. hand over hand in: 提交提交 hand

10、 out: 分发，分发， 散发散发 hand down: 往下传，往下传， 传给（后代）传给（后代） hand over: 移交，移交， 交出交出 English Lexicology(II)159. The old couple will never _ the loss of their son. A. get over B. get away C. get off D. get across get over: 克服，忘却，从克服，忘却，从中恢复过来中恢复过来 get away: 离开，离开， 逃脱逃脱 get off: 下车，动身，起飞下车，动身，起飞 get across: 被理解，

11、（使）通过被理解，（使）通过 English Lexicology(II)16词汇词汇构词法构词法English Lexicology(II)171. Affixation 加缀法加缀法 prefixation: supermarket suffixation: development2. Conversion:转换法转换法 She is patient with the patient.3. Compounding: 合成法合成法 earthquake 4. Shortening 截短法截短法 plane: aeroplane exam: examination flu: influenza

12、 English Lexicology(II)18PrefixPrefixEnglish Lexicology(II)19 Negative prefixesprefixes meaningexamplesun-not,the converse ofunwisenon-nonessentialdis-dishonestin-informalim-immatureil-illegalir-irregularEnglish Lexicology(II)20Reversative prefixes prefixes meaningexamples un-reversingthe actionunpa

13、ckde-decodedis-disconnectEnglish Lexicology(II)21Pejorative prefixes prefixes meaningexamplesmis-wronglymishearmal-badmalformed 使畸形使畸形pseudo-falsepseudoscienceEnglish Lexicology(II)22Prefixes of degree or size prefixes meaningexamplesarch-supremearchbishopsuper-more thansupermarketout-surpassingoutl

14、ivesur-oversurcharge 附加费附加费sub-belowsubnormalEnglish Lexicology(II)23Prefixes of degree or size prefixes meaningexamplessub-belowsubnormalover-excessiveoverconfidentunder-too littleunderestimatehyper-extremehypercritical 吹毛求疵吹毛求疵ultra-extremeultrafashionablemini-littleminiskirtEnglish Lexicology(II)

15、24Prefixes of attitude prefixes meaningexamplesco-withcooperatecounter-againstcounterattackanti-againstanti-clockwisepro-forpro-ChineseEnglish Lexicology(II)25 prefixes meaningexamplessub-undersubwayinter-between, among internationaltrans-across, from one place to anothertransplantfore-frontforename

16、Locative prefixesEnglish Lexicology(II)26Prefixes of time and order prefixes meaningexamplesfore-beforeforeseepre-in advancepreschoolpost-afterpostindustrialex-formerex-presidentre-againresellEnglish Lexicology(II)27Number prefixes prefixesmeaningexamplessemi-, demi-, hemi-halfsemi-feudal, demi-circ

17、le, hemisphereuni-, mono-oneuniform, monologuebi-, di-twobilingual, dioxidetri-threetrianglemulti-poly-manymultipolar, multilingualpolygamyEnglish Lexicology(II)28SuffixSuffixEnglish Lexicology(II)29Noun suffixes suffixesmeaningexamples-sterperson engaged in an occupation or activitygamester 赌徒赌徒-ee

18、rmountaineer-er(or)driver-antinhabitant 居民居民-letsmall, unimportantbooklet-ettesmall; imitation; femalecigarette leatherette 人造皮人造皮 usherette 女引座员女引座员 -essfemalehostessEnglish Lexicology(II)30 Noun suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-hoodstatuschildhood-shipconditiondictatorship-domrealmofficialdom-ingst

19、atebathing-fulamounthandful-tionstatecompetition English Lexicology(II)31Adjective Suffixes suffixesmeaningexamples-fulfull ofhopeful-lesswithoutmeaningless-lyhaving the quality offriendly-likelikechildlike-ysomewhat likesilkyEnglish Lexicology(II)32Adjective Suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-ishsomew

20、hat likefoolish-somecausingtroublesome-ablecapablechangeable-edhavingmoneyed-altypical ofregionalEnglish Lexicology(II)33Adjective Suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-ary (ory)connected withimaginary-esquelikepicturesque-ousfull ofmalicious-ictypical ofdramatic-ivehaving the quality ofattractiveEnglish

21、Lexicology(II)34Adverb Suffixes suffixesmeaning examples-lyin a mannerattentively-warddirection of movementhomeward-foldtimeshundredfold-wisein the manner ofas far asis concernedclockwiseweatherwise就天气来说就天气来说 English Lexicology(II)35词汇练习词汇练习English Lexicology(II)36nIm in a position to think about my

22、 future and plan it a little more rather than just waiting for what happens. A. used to B. unwilling to C. able to D. glad toEnglish Lexicology(II)37nThe Canadian landscape painters style featured brilliant colors and free brushstrokes. A. furthered B. showed C. replaced D. excluded English Lexicolo

23、gy(II)38 Milton Hershey was a successful entrepreneur whose open-hearted generosity continues to touch the lives of thousands. A. generation B. kindness C. faculty D. readiness English Lexicology(II)39 Green plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in a food-making process called photosynthesis. A. donate B. check C. withhold D. release English Lexicology(II)40 The discovery of gold fields has long attracted large numbers of prospectors an