浅析定语从句的用法

1、浅析定语从句的用法贵州省铜仁市江口淮阳中学 彭正华一，在下列情况下，只能用thato1 当先行词是 all, a lot, (a) little (a) few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如：all that can be done has been done.in this factory i saw little/much that was different from ours.2 当先行词被形容词最高级或被序数词修饰时。例如：this is the best film (thaqshc ha

2、s ever seen.the first thing lhal we should do is to get the tickets.3, 当先行词被the very(only ,next,last same)等修饰时。例如；this is the very book that i want to find.she is wearing the same dress that she wore yesterday,4, 当先行词为指人和物的两个并列名词时，例如：he talked with the teachers and schools lhal he had visiled,5, 当主句

3、是以who , which开头的特殊疑问句时，例如：who is the person that is standing at the gate?which is the car that killed the boy?注意：当一个句子有两个定语从句时，先行词都为人，如第一个从句已用who,弟二个从 句宜用thatothe man who is at table is his brother that has been serving in the army、二，在下列情况下，宜用whicho1，先行词在从句中作介词宾语，而介词提前时，例如：this is the beautiful hous

4、e in which lily once lived,=this is the beautiful house(that/which) lily once lived 血2, 在引导的非限制性定语从句中，例如：he changed his mind which made me very angry,this morning some port wine arrived，血 which 1 know i have to thank you,3, 当先行词是 that 时，例如；what was that which you said about him?注意：当一个句子有两个定语从句时，先行词都

5、为物，如第一个从句已用that,弟二个从 句宜用whichothis is the book that you bought which you have lost,三指人时，只能用who的情况。例如：1. 在以there be开头的句子(指人时宜用who,指物事宜用that)there is an old lady who wanls lo see you、there is a house that has a bay window.2. 当先行词有一个较长的定语吋，此吋采用分隔性定语从句。he was the only person in my office who wasn't

6、invited.3当先行词是one , ones , anyone或those是，例如：anyone who wants to visit beijing sign your name in the student union.四as的用法及与which的区别1, as引导限制性定语从句多与such或same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词 such stamps as you have collected are very valuable,2, as与while的区别(引导非限制性定语从句)(1) as引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之首，插入主句中，或位于主句之后；而 which引导

7、的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后(2) as引导的非限制性定语从句表示说话人关于某事的依据，态度，解释或评论等，含有 “正如，就像”之意，which引导的非限制性定语从句，一般表示某事的状况或结果,只能放在主句的后面。(3) as用于“as+主语+谓语”或者“as+被动谓语的形式”。如as we all know, as we had expected , as is well known等；which常用于"which +谓语+宾语(宾语补足语)”结构。 例如：as you know, taiwan is an inseparable part of china,taiwan,

8、as you know, is an inseparable part of china,taiwan is an inseparable part of china,as (which)you know,it rained heavily ,which prevented me going home,they married, as we had expected,(4) as和which都可以用來引导非限制性定语从句，來代替整句的内容，非限制性定语从 句位于句末且as和which在从句屮作主语，宾语或表语时，两者常可以互换。he failed in the exam ,which/ as

9、was natural,(主语)he is an honest boy, which/ as anybody can see,(宾语)the woman seemed a german, which/ as in fact she was,(表语)五关系词的使用既要看先行词是人，还是物，时间，地点等，又要看它们在定语从句中作 主语，宾语，还是状语等，应该特别注意的是：即使先行词是时间或者地点，原因等， 但是关系词在从句中不是作状语时，也不能用when , where , why引导，但是where 可用在from之后，代替前面一个介词短语。例如：do you remember the days

10、 (that /which) we once sdent together?this is the factory (hat /which) we visited last year,he stood on the mountain, from where he could see more clearly,a. whose的用法，既可以指人，也可以指物。可以与of which结构互换，但要注意与冠 词的搭配关系。例如：this is a book the cover of which is black and white.this is a book whose cover is black

11、 and white.this is a book which lhe cover is black and while.七，定语从句的主谓一致(1) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一-致。例如：this boy who is playing the piano is my son,(2) 在“one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语 从句屮作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式，例如：this is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject,(3) 在

12、“ the only one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，one是先行词，关系代词在 定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数形式，例如：this is the only one of the books that has ever been wriuen on (he subject,练习题()l.the girlyou met in the street yesterday is lucy,a, that b whose c which d as()2js this the parkmany students visited a week ago?a,the oneb which

13、 c who d whom()3 js this parkmany students visited a week ago?a,the oneb thatc which d 不填()4, october 1,1949 is the daywe ji never forget a whenb,thatc,whered,in which()5, october 1,1949 was the daythe people's republic of china was found,a, whichb,when c where din which()6,1 should never forget

14、 those yearsi lived in the country with thefarmers,has a great effect on my life,a,that,whichb,when,which c,which,that d,when, who()7,is known to all,china will be anpowerful country in 20 or 30 years'time,a, that, advancing b,this, advaneedc，as, advanced d,it, advancing()8,1 have many friends,s

15、ome are businessmen,a of them b,from whichc who of d of whom()9,if a shop has chairswomen can park their men, women will spend more time inthe shop,a,thatb,whichc,whendwhere()10.the reasonhe was late ishis bike was broken,a why ,becauseb that 丿hatc why ,that d.that ，why()1 l.ril show you a storeyou

16、may buy allyou need,a that, thatb, which, that c, where, which d,in which,不填()12.this is the best booki have read so far in my life,a，thatb whichc whered what()13.the old man has two sons, oneis a teacher,a,of whob,of whom c of which d,of them()14.she hasn't got enough moneyshe buys the rings,a

17、for whichb with which c thatd which()15 he is the most careful boyi know,a whatb whichc as d,不填()6 don" go in ,lhis is the shopwe have just been,a,不填，to b, that ,不填 c, where, to d which,there()i7.the second world warmillions of people were killed ended in 1945,a on whichb,wherec,in thatd during

18、 which()18.the man and the horsefell into the river were drowned,a whichb who c that d of which()19js there any one in your classfamily is in the city,a whoseb which c who's d who( )20.this is one of the best filmsthis year,a,which has been shownb that have been shownc,that have shownd have been

19、 shown()21.there are three thousand students in our city、are girls,a, twothirds in whichb twothirds in themc two一thirds of them d of whom two thirds()22. this is the only article of these thatwritten by him,a was b were c is d are()23is there anythingto you?cleans the blackboard should be praised,b wh