汽车专业英语第二版课件

1、姚元宁 王锦俞 制作1-1 Perspective View of Car 汽车透视图汽车透视图1-1 The shape and size of vehicle汽车外形尺寸Aoverall length 总长； Boverall width 总宽； Cvehicle heigh 车高；(注：正确是“height”)D front overhang 前悬； EWB = wheel base 或axle base 轴距；Frear overhang 后悬； Gground clearance 最小离地间隙；HItread width (wheel track) 轮距； Hfront track

2、(track front )前轮距；Irear track 后轮距； track rear 后轮距； Japproach angle 接近角； angle of incidence 接近角；Kdeparture angle 离去角； Lloading height 装载高度；MRinterior cargo body length 货箱内长度；N cargo body height 货箱高度；Ointerior cargo body width 货箱内宽度； Pcargo body width 货箱宽度。1-2 Passenger Car Types 乘用车类型1 saloon (sedan，

3、saloon car) 折背式车身乘用车，轿车2compact car 紧凑型乘用车3hatchback 舱背式乘用车，舱背式轿车 hatchback car 舱背式乘用车，舱背式轿车4cross passenger car 交叉型乘用车5station wagon，WG = wagon 旅行车6Pullman saloon 高级乘用车，高级轿车 executive limousine 高级乘用车，高级轿车, 7coupe (2-door sedan) 双门乘用车，双门轿车8RV = recreational vehicle 休闲车 SUV = sport utility vehicle 运动

4、型多用途车，多用途跑车 9MPV = multipurpose passenger vehicle 多用途 乘用车10convertible (convertible saloon, convertible car) 活顶乘 用车，敝篷车11sport car (sport, sports car ) 运动型车，跑车12race car 赛车 car(sport car ) 赛车1-3 Commercial Vehicle Types商用车类型A1，A2，A3，A4,A5 TRK=trk=truck ；motor truck 货车，载货汽车A1delivery van (wagon) 厢式送货

5、汽车A2high-bed flatbed truck 高台平地板货车A3road train (truck train，truck-trailer) 全挂车列车，牵引杆挂车列车 A4large capactity* road train 大吨位汽车列车(*正确是：“capacity”)A5semitrailer train (truck) 半挂货运列车B1 panel van 整体式箱式货车B2 platform truck 平台货车B3 double-cab low-bed truck 低地板双排座驾驶室货车B2，B3PU=pickup，pickup car，pick- up truck 客

6、货两用车，皮卡，轿卡B4cab and chassis 一类底盘，带驾驶室的底盘Csystem of wheels (货车)轮式C12/4 = 4 wheel2 drive wheel 42驱动C2624 = 6wheel2 drive wheel4 steered wheel 62驱动4轮转向C364 = 6 wheel 4drive wheel 64 驱动C4864 = 8 wheel6drive wheel4 steered wheel 86驱动4轮转向Doverview of bus types 客车类型概述D1microbus 微型客车D2mini bus 小型客车D3midi-bu

7、s 中型客车D4city bus 市区客车D5tour bus 旅游客车15 Clutch, Drive Shaft and Axles离合器、传动轴和车桥Afront transverse engine with front wheel drive 前横置发动 机前轮驱动Bfront longitudinal engine with front wheel drive 前纵置发动机前轮驱动CFR=front engine (with) rear drive 前置发动机后轮驱动C/D/ERWD=rear wheel drive 后轮驱动DMERWD=mid-engine rear-wheel

8、drive 中置发动机后轮驱动ERE/RD=rear engine/rear drive 后置发动机后轮驱动1engine 发动机2transaxle 变速驱动桥3transmission 变速器1-6 Vehicle Certification Label汽车认证牌General Motors通用汽车公司1一Date of Manufacture制造日期2一GVWR = Gross Vehicle Weight Rating 车辆额定总质量3一GAWR FRT = Gross Axle Weight Rating, Front 前轴额定总质量 4一Name of Manufacturer 制

9、造商名称5一GAWR RR = Gross Axle Weight Rating, Rear 后轴额定总质量 6一Vehicle Identification Number 车辆识别号VECI = Vehicle Emission Control Information Label（Ford Motor Company）车辆排放控制信息牌（福特汽车公司）1VACUUM HOSE ROUTING 真空管路线2TO FUEL TANK 至燃油箱3CAN=Canister 炭罐4SOL V VENT=Solenoid Valve Vent 通风电磁阀5EVAP SERVICE PORT 蒸发排放物控

10、制系统维护口6EVMV=Electronic Vapour Management Valve电子蒸气管理阀7MAP=Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor 进气歧管绝对压力传感器8MAN VAC =Manifold Vacuum (进气)歧管真空度9PCV =Positive Crankcase Vent Valve 曲轴箱强制通风阀10FTPS=Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor 燃油箱压力传感器2-3 Four-Stroke Engine 四冲程发动机Aintake stroke / suction stroke 进气行程Bcompression

11、 stroke / compression travel 压缩行程Cpower stroke 膨胀（作功）行程Dexhaust stroke 排气行程2-4 The Components of Cylinder Head 气缸盖零部件1、5、8、21、25、36一bolt 螺栓2一oil filler cap seal 加机油口盖密封垫3一 oil filler cap 加机油口盖4一 engine trim cover 发动机装饰罩6一 camshaft cover (CM/SHF CVR) 凸轮轴罩7一 camshaft cover gasket 气门室盖密封垫9一 EGR valve E

12、GR阀，排气再循环阀10一 bearing cap 轴承盖 11一 EGR valve seat ring EGR 阀密封圈12一 EGR valve adapter EGR 阀转接器13一 cylinder head (HEAD, CYL) 气缸盖 14一 intake valve 进气门15一 exhaust manifold heat shield 排气歧管隔热罩16一 cylinder head gasket 气缸盖衬垫17一 exhaust manifold (EXH MANIF) 排气歧管 18一 exhaust manifold gasket 排气歧管垫19一 stud 螺栓20

13、一 exhaust valve (EXH VLV) 排气门 22一 thermostat housing 节温器壳体23一 thermostat housing gasket 节温器壳体衬垫24一 plug 塞子26一 camshaft position sensor 凸轮轴位置传感器27一 oil gallery plug 机油油道孔塞28一 sleeve 套管29一 front bearing cap 前轴承盖30一 exhaust camshaft 排气凸轮轴31一 seal ring 密封圈32一 camshaft gear 凸轮轴齿轮33一 washer 垫圈34一 camshaft

14、 gear bolt 凸轮轴齿轮螺栓35一 intake camshaft (INI CM/SHF) 进气凸轮轴36一 front bearing cap bolt 前轴承盖螺栓37一 cylinder head bolt (BOLT, CYL HD) 气缸盖螺栓38一 tappet adjuster 挺柱间隙调节器 39 valve key (KEY, VLV STEM) 气门锁片 40valve spring cap 气门弹簧盖41valve spring (SPRING, VLV) 气门弹簧 42valve stem seal (SEAL, VLV STEM OIL) 气门油封 43va

15、lve spring seat 气门弹簧座44valve guide 气门导管 45、46valve seat ring 气门座圈47intake manifold ( INI MANIF) 进气歧管48intake manifold gasket 进气歧管衬垫49throttle body gasket 节气门体衬垫50 nut 螺母51throttle body 节气门体2-5 Lubrication System 润滑系统1一 oil pressure switch 油压开关 2一 main oil galley 主油道3一 oil filter / lubrication oil fi

16、lter 机油滤清器 4一 oil cooler 机油冷却器 5一 relief valve 限（释）压阀 6一 suction strainer 吸入口滤网 7一 oil pump 机油泵2-6 Diesel Engine Fuel System 柴油机燃油系统Ain-line fuel injection pump 直列式喷油泵Bdistributor fuel injection pump 分配式喷油泵1fuel tank 燃油箱 2governor 调速器 3fuel-supply pump 输油泵 4fuel injection pump或injection pump 喷油泵4ain

17、-line fuel injection pump 直列式喷油泵4bdistributor fuel injection pump 分配式喷油泵5injection timing device 喷射正时装置 6drive from engine 来自发动机的驱动力 7fuel filter 燃油滤清器8vent 通气孔 9injector 喷油器 10fuel return line 回油管11overflow line 溢流管3-1 Electronic Fuel Injection Description电控燃油喷射介绍1sensor 传感器 1.1air flow meter senso

18、r 空气流量计 1.2water temperature sensor 水温传感器1.3oxygen sensor 氧传感器 1.4crankshaft position sensor 曲轴位置传感器2.1ECU=electronic control unit 电控单元 3actuator 执行器 3.1injector 喷油器 3.2ignition coil with igniter带点火器的点火线圈4wiring harness线束3-2 Engine Control System 发动机控制系统Agasoline direct injection 汽油直喷BMPI=multipoint

19、 fuel injection 多点燃油喷射1(carbon) canister 炭罐2canister purge valve 炭罐清除阀3high-pressure pump高压油泵4actuators for variable valve timing 可变气门正时执行器5ignition coil 点火线圈6hot-film air-mass meter 热膜式质量空气流量计7ETC =electronic throttle control 电子节气门控制装置8intake-manifold pressure sensor 进气歧管压力传感器9fuel pressure sensor

20、燃油压力传感器10fuel-distribution pipe 燃油配送管11CMP=camshaft position sensor 凸轮轴位置传感器12oxygen sensor 1 1号氧传感器* 13exhaust-gas recirculation valve 排气再循环阀，EGR阀14high-pressure injector 高压喷油器15knock sensor 爆燃传感器16engine-temperature sensor 冷却液温度传感器17primary catalytic converter初级催化转化器18oxygen sensor2 2号氧传感器*19CKPS=

21、crankshaft position sensor曲轴位置传感器20ECM=engine control module 发动机控制模块21CAN interface CAN接口22MIL=malfunction indicator lamp故障指示灯23DLC=data link connector诊断插座24interface to immobilizer control unit 防盗控制模块接口25accelerator-pedal module with pedal travel sensor 带踏板行程传感器的加速踏板模块26fuel tank 燃油箱27in-tank unit

22、with electric fuel pump 油箱内装式电动燃油泵模块28exhaust-gas temperature sensor 排气温度传感器29main catalytic converter 主催化转化器30oxygen sensor downstream of main catalytic converter 主催化转化器下游氧传感器31fuel pressure regulator 燃油压力调节器32injector 喷油器3-3 Fuel System Description 供油系统介绍燃油泵AStandard System Type 标准系统型 BReturn less

23、 Fuel System Type 无回油系统型CFuel Pump in Fuel Tank 燃油箱内装式燃油泵1fuel tank 燃油箱 2fuel pump 燃油泵，汽油泵3fuel filter 汽油滤清器 4pressure line, pressure pipe 压力油管 5fuel pressure regulator 燃油压力调节器 6injector 喷油器 7fuel rail 油轨 ，delivery pipe 供油管8fuel return line或 return pipe 回油管 9no return flow 无回油流动 10fuel filter 燃油滤清器

24、11float 浮子12fuel gauge 【 level】 sensor 燃油表传感器 13coupler 联接器 14return tube 回油管 15fuel deliver tube 供油管 16fuel damper 【 pulsator 】 燃油脉动衰减器 17foam rubber sleeve 泡沫橡胶套 18rubber isolator 橡胶隔离物 19suction-jet pump 吸射泵 20suction strainer 吸入滤网 3-4 Electronic Spark Advance System 电子点火系统 EI without distributor

25、 不带分电器的电子点火1.1ignition coil with ignition driver 带点火驱动器的点火线圈1.2ignition coil with igniter 带点火器的点火线圈 2.1ignition distributor 分电器2.2high-voltage distributor 高压电分配器 3spark plug 火花塞 4electronic control unit 发动机电控单元 5water temperature sensor 冷却液温度传感器 6knock sensor 爆震传感器7crankshaft position sensor 曲轴位置传感器

26、8ring gear for sensor 传感器齿圈9throttle position sensor 节气门位置传感器10battery 蓄电池 11ignition switch 点火开关 12.1single-spark coil 单火花点火线圈 12.2ignition coil with igniter 独立点火器 3- 5火花塞Spark Plug1.1high-voltage connector 高压线接头 1.2terminal nut端子螺母2AL2O3 ceramic insulator 氧化铝陶瓷绝缘端子 3.1shell body 外壳 3.2hexagonal pa

27、rt (壳体)六角部 4heat-shrinkage zone 热收缩区 5.1conductive glass 导电玻璃 5.2suppression resistor 防干扰电阻器 5.3suppression resistance 防干扰电阻 6captive gasket 密封垫7.1center electrode 中心电极 7.2composite center electrode Ni/Cu 镍/铜复合中心电极8 ground electrode 旁电极 9.1 cold (-running) spark plug 冷型火花塞 9.2 low heat range spark p

28、lug 低热值火花塞 10 normal-running spark plug 中热值火花塞，普通型火花塞 11.1 hot(-running) spark plug 热型火花塞 11.2 high heat range spark plug 高热值火花塞12compact type spark plug 矮型火花塞 13standard type spark plug 标准型火花塞 14special spark plug 特种(专用) 火花塞15一half thread spark plug 半螺纹火花塞 16一retracted insulator spark plug 绝缘体缩入型火花

29、塞17insulator projected nose type spark plug 绝缘体突出型火花塞18 flat seat spark plug 平座型火花塞19 conical taper seat type spark plug 锥座型火花塞 20 spark plug gap 火花塞间隙 21.1 reach 伸出长度21.2 thread length 螺纹长度 22 multi-electrode spark plug 多极火花塞 23 iridium tip plug 铱尖(铱金) 火花塞 23(a) iridium tip 铱尖 23(b) platinum tip 铂尖

30、，白金尖 24 platinum spark plug 铂尖(白金) 火花塞25 blue strip 蓝条3-6 Idle Speed Control System 怠速控制系统写(读)出图中这个部件及相关结构的英文名称1throttle position sensor节气门位置传感器 2throttle 节气门3ISCV=idle speed control valve 怠速控制阀 4throttle-valve assembly 节气门装置(总成) 5water temperature sensor水温传感器 6crankshaft position sensor凸轮轴位置传感器 7A/

31、C amplifier空调放大器 8electric load电负荷9vehicle speed sensor车速传感器 10Neutral start switch空档起动开关 11starter起动机12.1throttle-valve actor节气门执行器 12.2throttle-valve DC motor节气门直流电机12.3throttle control motor 节气门控制电机 写(读)出图中这个部件及相关结构的英文名称 4-1 Transmission Systems and Clutch 传动系和离合器1 engine 发动机 2 transaxle 变速驱动桥 3

32、gear box 变速器 4/8 axle shaft或half shaft 半轴 5 drive shaft 传动轴 6 differential 差速器 7 axle casing，axle body，axle box 桥壳 9 tire and wheel 轮胎和车轮4-2 Gearbox 变速器1first gear 一档齿轮 2reverse gear 倒档齿轮 3second gear 二档齿轮 4third gear 三档齿轮 5fourth gear 四档齿轮 6fifth gear 五档齿轮 7/14drive shaft, input shaft 输入轴 8/16outpu

33、t shaft 输出轴 9differential 差速器 10axle shaft 半轴 11side gear 半轴齿轮 12side pinion 行星齿轮 13final drive ring gear 主减速器齿圈 15transmission case 变速器壳体 17countershaft 中间轴 写出下图中零件的英文名称图4-3 Automatic Transmission自动变速器1torque converter 液力变距器 2oil pump 油泵 3VSS = vehicle speed sensor 车速传感器 4sensors 传感器 5pinion gear s

34、peed sensor 行星齿轮转速传感器 6planetary gear drive mechanism 行星齿轮传动机构 7ECT ECU = electronically controlled transmission 电控自动变速器ECU 8input turbo speed sensor 输入涡轮转速传感器 9solenoid valve 电磁阀 10control valve body 控制阀体 11selector (shift) lever 变速杆写出下图中零件的英文名称4-4 Final drive and Differential 主减速器和差速器1Thrust Washe

35、r 止推垫圈2Shaft Retainer 轴锁销3Pinion Shaft 行星齿轮轴4Planet Pinion 行星齿轮5Side Gear 止推垫圈6Adjusting Nut 调整螺母 7Bearing Cup 轴承座圈8Differential Bearing 差速器轴承9Ping Gear 齿圈10Differential Case 差速器壳11Cover 盖 12Drive Pinion 主动小齿轮13Locating Shim 调整垫圈14Inner bearing 内轴承15Adjusting Nut Lock 调整螺母锁片16Bearing Cap 轴承盖17Vent 通

36、风器18Axle Shaft 半轴19Bearing Retainer 轴承固定板20Gasket 衬垫21Wheel Bearing 车轮固定板22Bearing Retainer Ring 轴承固定圈23Axle Shaft Seal 半轴油封写出下图中零件的英文名称5-1 Body Class 车身类型乘用车1body chassis frame construction或separate frame construction 非承载式车身2unit body,【unitized frame construction】承载车身3notchback body, three-box type

37、 body 折背式车身 four-door sedan body 四门轿车车身3aengine compartment 发动机舱（室）3bpassenger compartment 乘客厢3cluggage compartment, trunk (compartment, box) ,baggage compartment 行李箱，后备箱4fast back body 直（快，溜）背式车身5hatch back body 舱背式车身6cut-off type body 短背式车身Power SeatLumbar support air mat 腰部支撑空气垫Side support air m

38、ats 侧背支撑空气垫 Air pump 空气泵Seat lifting motor assembly 座椅上升电动机总成Reclining device 椅背倾斜装置Seat sliding motor and link assembly 座椅前后滑动电动机和连杆总成Windshield wiper system风窗雨刮系统washer nozzles 洗涤器喷嘴pivot points 枢轴支撑点arm A A连接臂arm B B连接臂wiper motor 雨刮电动机The washer filler cap 加注口盖jet喷嘴windshield washer pump electri

39、cal connections 风窗洗涤泵电路连接点washer pump洗涤泵washer fluid container 洗涤液容器wiper and washerwasher nozzles 洗涤器喷嘴pivot points 枢轴支撑点arm A A连接臂arm B B连接臂wiper motor 雨刮电动机arm and pivot shaft assembly 连接臂和枢轴总成filler cap 加注口盖jet 喷嘴6-1 Battery 蓄电池1positive terminal post 正极端子 2separator 隔板3set of positive plate 正极板

40、组4negative terminal post 负极端子5set of negative plate 负极板组6one-piece cover 整件式盖7cell connecting bar 单元电池连接条8terminal post 端子，接头，极桩9plate bridge，plate strap 极板连接条10bottom mounting rail 底部安装导轨11battery case（box）蓄电池壳体6-2 Alternator 发电机1rotor 转子2stator 定子3drive end frame 前端 盖4voltage regulator 电压调节器5colle

41、ctor ring 滑环，集电环6diode 二极管7internal fan 内装式风扇8rotor shaft 转子轴9pulley 带轮1rotor 转子2stator 定子3drive end frame 前端盖4voltage regulator 电压调节器5collector ring 滑环，集电环6diode 二极管7internal fan 内装式风扇8rotor shaft 转子轴9pulley 带轮6-5 Air Conditioning System空调系统1magnetic clutch 电磁离合器2low-side service port 低压侧维修口3A/C co

42、ntrols 空调控制装置4H-expansion valve H形膨胀阀5evaporator temperature switch 蒸发器温度开关6ambient temperature sensor 环境温度传感器7A/C control module 空调控制模块8coolant temperature switch 冷却液温度开关9fan 风扇10condenser 冷凝器11relief valve 卸压阀12compressor 压缩机13high-side service port 高压侧维修口14engine control module 发动机控制模块15blower 鼓风机16three function switch 三功能开关（高、中、低压传感器）17receiver drier 贮液干燥器组合仪表digital display combination meter 数字显示式组合仪表1temperature gauge 温度表2Check Engine Warning Light 检查发动机警告灯3brake system warning light 制动系统警告灯4engine preheat indicator (light) 发动机预热指示灯5rear fog lamp indication 后雾灯指示灯6e