定语从句课件

1、complex sentence 复合句：定语从句由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。 复合句 = 主句 + 从句complex sentence 复合句：he said that he was from japan.他说他来自日本。 （宾语从句）i like singers who write their own songs.我喜欢自己写歌的歌手。 （定语从句）it true that learning englsih is not easy.学英语不容易是真的

2、。 （主语从句）attributive clause:限制性定语从句 restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictive是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。i was the only person who was invited in my officejenny, with whom i played table tennisyesterday, lives in my next

3、room.the man who came here yesterday has come again.that is mr. wang, whose daughter teaches english at a middle school. 注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.attributive clause:被定语从句被定语从句修饰的词修饰的词引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词 关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词 i have an apple.an apple is red.i have an apple t

4、hat is red.修饰先行词修饰先行词 an apple i like some friends. some friends like sports.i like friends who like sports. 修饰先行词修饰先行词 friends attributive clause:定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语), whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where (地点状语)when (时间状语)why (原因状语)引导词的作用: (1)引导定语从句 (2)在从句中

5、作一成份 (3)代替先行词在从句中的位置如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。 用什么关系副词看先行词。i will never forget the days (_ i stayed with you).when_jurassic park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps different kinds of dinosaurs)._where1958 was the year _ (spielberg made his first real film)._please give me th

6、e reason _ (you made such a great success)._whenwhymorning is the best time _ (you practise reading aloud)._whendo you remember the lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.）_where2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 yesterday we went to visit the house _ (the great write

7、r used to live)._wherein whichthe house _ (they built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.which that _luckily none of the people _ ( i know) were killed in the earthquake. whowhom that_ _my father was born in the year _(the second world war broke out)._in whichwhen3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。kunmi

8、ng is a beautiful place _ ( flowers are seen all the year round).whereoctober 1st is the day _ ( new china was founded).whenthe window ( _ was opened this morning) has been broken.which thatthe meeting ( _ will be held next week) is very important.which that如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 (1) that指物时一般可以与which互换，但

9、在下列情况引导词只用引导词只用thatthat，不用which。 当先行词为all, much, little, few, none, something, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时，如： a. all that can be done has been done. b. i am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修饰时： ive read all the books (that) you gave me

10、.先行词是序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。this is the best book (that) ive ever read.this is the first composition (that) he has written in english.先行词被the only, the very, the last 修饰时。that white flower is the only one (that) i really like.this is the very book (that) i want to find. 当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从句要用that而不用w

11、ho (whom)和which引导。如：he talked about the teachers and schools （that） he had visited.先行词是疑问词who, which, what 时，定语从句用that而不用who, (whom)和which引导。who is the person that is standing at the gate?what that is on the table belongs to me? 当关系代词在从句中作表语时mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. china is

12、 no longer the country that it used to be. 1.this is all_i know about the matter. a.that b.what c.who d.whether2is there anything else_you require? a.which b.that c.who d.what3.the last place _we visited was the great wall. a.which b.that c.where d.it4.he talked happily about the men and books_ inte

13、rested him greatly in the school. a.which b.that c.it d.whom5.there is no dictionary_you can find everything. a.that b.which c.where d.in that6.this is one of the best books_. a.that have ever been writtenc.that has written b.that has ever been written d.that have writtenabbbca7.he wrote a letter to

14、 me,telling me everything_ _ _ he saw on the way to the paris. a.what b.that c.which d.where8.is oxygen the only gas_helps fire burn? a.that b./ c.which d.it9.is there anything_to you? a.that is belonged b.that belongs c.which belongs d.that belong10.the scientist and his achievements_you told me ab

15、out are admired by us all. a.which b.that c.who d.whose11.which of the books_were borrowed from him is the best? a.which b.what c.that d.whosebabbc 关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which 介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。 eg. 1. i wont forget the date when( on which) i was born. 2. this is the room where (in which) i lived. = this is the room which i lived in. 3. i dont know the reason why (for which) he havent come today. 4. tom still remembers the days when (in which) th