英语演讲稿《TheSocialValueofthe

1、英语演讲稿thesocialvalueoftheofwhatuseisacollegetraining?wewhohavehaditseldomhea rthequestionraisedmightbealittlenonplussedtoansweri toffhand acertainamountofmeditationhasbroughtmetoth isasthepithiestre plywhichlm yselfcangi ve:thebestclaimthatacollegeeduca/tio ncanpossiblymakeonyourrespect,thebestthingi

2、tcanaspiretoaccomplishforyou, isthis:thatitshouldhelpyoutoknowagoodmanwhenyouseehim thisisastrueofwomen ' sasofmen，scolleges;butthatiti sneitherajokenoraone-sidedabstractionlshallnowendeavortoshow whattalkdowecommonlyhearaboutthecontrastbetweencollegeeducationandtheeducationwhichbusinessortechni

3、calorprofessionalschoolsconfer?thecollegeeducationiscalledhigherbecauseitissupposedtobesogeneralandsodisinterested.attheschoolsyouge taxela.tivelynarrowpracticalskill, youare to id, whereasthecollegesgiveyouthemoreliberalculture,thebroaderoutlook,thehistoricalperspective,thephilosophicatmosphere,ors

4、omethingwhichphrasesofthatsorttrytoexpress. youaremadeintoanefficientinstrumentfordoingadefinitething, youhear, attheschools;but, apartfromthat, youmayremainacrudeandsmokykindofpetroleum, incapableofspreadinglight.theuniversitiesandcolleges,ontheotherhand,althoughtheymayleaveyoulessefficientforthiso

5、tthatpracticaitask, suffuseyourwholementalitywithsomethingmoreimportantthanski 1ltheyredeemyou, makeyouwell-bred ;theymakeg oodcompany ofyoumentally.iftheyfindyouwithanaturallyboorishorcaddishmind,theycannotleaveyouso, asatechnicalschoolmayleaveyou. this, atleast, ispretended;thisiswhatwehearamongco

6、llege-trainedpeoplewhentheycomparetheireducationwitheveryothersort no w, exactlyh owmuchdoes thissignif y?itisce rtain, tobeginwith, thatthenarrowesttradeo rprofessio naltrainin gdoessomethingmoreforamanthantomakeaskilfulpracticaltoolofhim 欽握 tmakesh imalsoajudgeofothermen sskillbarorsurgeelopsacrit

7、whetherhis ryorplaste icalsenseitradebepleringorplumnhimforthaadingatthe bing, itdev tsortofoccupatiori. heunderstand sthediffer encebetwee nsecond-ra teandfirst rateworki nhiswholeb ranchofindustry;hegetstoknowagoodjobinhisownlineassoonasheseesit;andgettingtoknowthisinhisownline, hegetsafaintsenseo

8、fwhatgoodworkmaymeananyhow, thatmay,ifcircumstancesfavor, spreadintohisjudgmentselsewhere soundwork,cleanwork,finishedwork;feeblework, siackwork, shamwork欽樱he sewordsexpressanidenticalcontrastinmanydifferentdepartmentsofactivity.insofarforth, then, eventhehumblestmanualtrademaybegetinoneacertainsmal

9、ldegreeofpo wer toj udge of goodwork generail y.now, what issupposed tobethelin eofuswhohavethehighe rcollegetr aining?ist hereanybro aderline 欽擞inceouredii cat ionclai msprimaril ynottobena rrow 欽握 nwhi chwealsoar emadegoodj udgesbetwe enwhatisfirstrateandwhatissecond-rateonly?whatisespeciallytaugh

10、tinthecollegeshaslongbeenknownbythenameofthehumanities, andtheseareoftenidentifiedwithgreekandlatin.eutitisonlyasliteratures, notaslanguages,thatgreekandlatinhaveanygeneralhumanity-value;sothatinabroadsensethehumanitiesmeanliteratureprimarily,andinastillbroadersensethestudyofmasterpiecesinalmostanyf

11、ieldofhumanendeavoliteraturekeepstheprimacy;foritnotonlyconsistsofmasterpiecesbutislargelyaboutmasterpieces,beinglittlemorethananappreciativechronicleofhumanmaster-strokes, sofarasittakestheformofcriticismandhistory. youcangivehumanisticvaluetoalmostanythingbyreachingithistorically. geology,economic

12、s, mechanics, arehumanitieswhentaughtwithreferencetothesuccessiveachievementsofthegeniusestowhichthesesciencesowetheirbeing. nottaughtthus,literatureremainsgrammar,artacatalogue, historyalistofdates, andnaturalscienceasheetofformulasandweightsa ndmeasures thesiftingofhumancreations!欽攏 othinglessthan

13、thisiswhatweoughttomeanbythehumanities. essentiallythismeansbiography;whatourcollegesshouldteachis,therefore,biographicalhistory,thatnotofpoliticsmerely, butofanythingandeverythingsofarashumaneffortsandconquestsarefactorsthathaveplayedtheirpart. studyinginthisway, welearnwhattypesofactivityhavestood

14、thetestoftime;weacquirestandardsoftheexcellentanddurable allourartsandsciencesandinstitutionsarebutsomanyquestsofperfectiononthepartofmen;andwhenweseehowdiversethetypesofexcellencemaybe, howvariousthetests,howflexibletheadaptations, wegainarichersenseofwhatthetermsbetterandworsemaysignifyingenera1.

15、0urcriticalsensibilitiesgrowbothmoreacuteandlessfanatica1. wesympathizewithmenj smistakesevenintheactofpenetratingthem;wefeelthepathosoflostcausesandmisguidedepochsevenwhile weapplaudw hatovercam ethem>suchwordsarevagueandsuchideasareinadequate,buttheirmeaningisunmistakable.whattheco lieges 欽樱 ea

16、chinghumanitiesbyexampleswhichmaybespecial,butwhichmustbetypicalandpre gnant 欽擞 houldatleasttrytogiveus,isageneralsenseofwhat,undervariousdisguises,superiorityhasalwayssignifiedandmaystillsignify.thefeelingforagoodhumanjobanywhere, theadmirationofthereallyadmirablethedisesteemofwhatischeapandtrashya

17、ndimpermanent 欽樱 hisiswhatwecalithecriticalsense,thesenseforidealvaluesitisthebetterpartofwhatmenknowaswisdom. someofusarewiseinthiswaynaturallyandbygenius;someofusneverbecomeso. buttohavespentone'syouthatcoliege, incontactwiththechoiceandrareandprecious,andyetstilltobeablindprigorvulgarian, una

18、bletoscentouthumanexcellenceortodivineitamiditsaccidents,toknowitonlywhenticketedandlabeledandforcedonusbyothers,thisindeedshouldbeaccountedtheverycalami tyandshipw reckofahig hereducati on.these nseforhuma nsuperiori tyought, th en, tobeconsideredourline,asboringsubwaysistheengineer，slineandthesurg

19、eon，sisappendicitis 0urcollegesoughttohavelitupinusalastingrelishforthebetterkindofman, alossofappetiteformedioctities,andadisgustforcheapjacks. weoughttosmell, asitwere, thedifferenceofqualityinmenandtheirproposalswhenweentertheworldofaffairsaboutus.expertnessinthismightwellatoneforsomeofourignoran

20、ceofdynamos thebestclaimwecanmakeforthehighereducation,thebestsinglephraseinwhichwecantellwhatitoughttodoforus, isthen, exactlywhatisaid:itshouldenableustoknowagoodmanwhenweseeh im>thatt hephraseis anythingbu tanemptyep igramfollows, fromthefactthatifyouaskinwhatlineitismostimportantthatademocrac

21、ylikeoursshouldhaveitssonsanddaughtersskilfu1,youseethatitisthislinemorethananyother thepeopleintheirwisdom 欽樱 hisis thekindofwisdommostneededbythepeople democracyisonitstrial, andnooneknowshowitwil1standtheordea1. aboundingaboutusarepessimisticprophets.ficklenessandviolenceusedtobe, butarenolonger,

22、theviceswhichtheychargetodemocracy whatitscriticsnowaffirmisthatitspreferencesareinve tera, telyfortheinferior. soitwasinthebeginning,theysay, andsoitwillbeworldwithoutend. vulgarityenthronedandinstitutionalized,elbowingeverythingsuperiorfromthehighway, this,theytellus, isourirremediabledestiny;andp

23、icturepapersofeuropeancontinentarealreadydrawingunclesamwithhoginsteadoftheeagleforhisheraldicemblem. theprivilegedaristocraciesoftheforetime, withalltheiriniquities,didatleastpreservesometasteforhigherhumanqualityandhonorcertainformsofrefinementbytheirenduringtraditions. butwhendemocracyissovereign

24、,itsdoubterssay, nobilitywillformasortofinvisiblechurch,andsincerityandrefinement,strippedofhonor,precedence, andfavor, willhavetovegetateonsufferanceinprivatecorners theywillhavenoge neralinfluencetheywillbeharmlesseccentr icitiesnow, whocan beabsolute lycertaint hatthismay notbetheca reerofdemo cr

25、acy?nothingfutureisquitesecu rejstatese noughhavei nwardlyrot ted 欽播 nddem ocracyasaw holemayund ergoself-p oisoningbut, ontheotherhand, democracyisakindofreligion, andweareboundnottoadmititsfailure faithsandutopiasarethenoblestexerciseofhumanreason,andnoonewithasparkofreasoninhimwillsitdownfatai is

26、ticallybeforet hecroa.ker'spicture.thebestofusarefilledwiththeeontraryvisionofademocracystumblingthrougheveryerrortillitsinstitutionsg1ow ithjusticeanditscustomsshinewithbeauty ourbettermenshallshowthewayandweshallfollowthem;sowearebroughtroundagaintothemissionofthehighereducationinhelpingustokn

27、owthebetterkindof manwheneve rweseehim.thenotionthatapeoplecanrunitselfanditsaffairsanonymouslyisnowellknowntobethesilliestofabsurdities mankinddoesnothingsavethroughinitiativesonthepartofinventors, greators mall, andim itationbyt herestofus 欽樱 hesearet hesolefact orsactivei nhumanprog ress individu

28、alsofgeniusshowtheway, andsetthepatterns, whichcommonpeoplethenadoptandfollow therivalryofthepattetnsisthehistoryoftheworld.ourdemocraticpr oblemthusi sstatablei nultrasim pieterms:w hoaretheki ndofmenfromwhomourmajoritiesshalltaketheircue?whomshalltheytreatasrightfulleaders?weandourleadersarethexan

29、dtheyoftheequationhere;allotherhistoriccircumstances, betheyeconomical, political, orintellectual,areonlythebackgroundofoccasiononwhichthelivingdramaworksitselfoutbetw eenus.in thisverysi mplewaydoe sthevalueo foureducatedclassdefineitselfwemorethanothersshouldbeabletodivinetheworthierandbetterleade

30、rs.thetermsherearemonstrouslysimplified,ofcourse,butsuchabird's-eyeviewletsusimmediatelytakeourbearings. inourdemocracy,whereeverythingelseissoshifting, wealumniandalumnaeofthecollegesaretheonlypermanentpreseneethatcorrespondstothearistocracyinoldercountries wehavecontinuoustraditions,astheyhave

31、;ourmotto, too, isnoblesseobligejand,unlikethem,westandforidealinterestssolely, forwehavecorporateselfishnessandwieldnopowersofcorruption.weoughttohaveourownclass-consciousness lesintellectuels!whatprouderclub-namecouldtherebethanthisone,usedironicallybythepartyofredblood,thepartyofeverystupidprejud

32、iceandpassion,duringtheanti-dreyfuscraze, tosatirizethemeninfrancewhostillretainedsomecriticalsenseandjudgment!criticalsense, ithastobeconfessed, isnotanexcitingterm, hardlyabannertocarryinprocessions affectionsforoldhabit,currentsofself-interest, andgalesofpassionaretheforcesthatkeepthehumanshipmov

33、ingjandthepressureofthejudiciouspilotj shanduponthetillerisrelativelyinsignificantenergy.buttheaffections, passionsandinterestsareshifting,successive, anddistraught;theyblowinaiternationwhilethepilot'shandissteadfast.heknowsthecompass, and, withalltheleewayslieisobligedtotacktoward, healwaysmake

34、ssomeheadway,asmallforceifitneverletsupwillaccumulateeffectsmoreconsiderablethanthoseofmuchgreaterforcesiftheseworkinconsistently. theceaselesswhisperofthemorepermanentldeals,thesteadytugoftruthandjustice,givethembuttime, mustwarptheworldi nt heir direc tion.thisbird 's-eyeviewofthegeneralsteeri

35、ngfunctionofthecollege-bredamidthedriftingsofdemocracyoughttohelpustoawidervisionofwhatourcollegesthemselvesshouldaimat ifwearetobetheyeastcakefordemocracy' sdough, ifwearetomakeitrisewithculture'spreferences, wemustseetoitthatculturespreadsbroadsails wemustshaketheolddoublereefsoutofthecanv

36、asintothewindandsunshine, andletineverymodernsubject,surethatanysubjectwillprovehumanistic, ifitssettingbekeptonlywideenough stevensonsayssomewheretohisreader:youthinkyouarejustmakingthisbargain, butyouarereallylayingdownalinkinthepolicyofmankind well, yourtechnicalschoolshouldenableyoutomakeyourbar

37、gainsplendidly;butyourcollegeshouldshowyoujusttheplaceofthatkindofbargainprettypoorplace, possiblythewholepolicyofmankind thatisthekindofliberaloutlook, ofperspective,ofatmosphere, whichshouldsurro undeverysu bjectasaco liegedeals withit.w eofthecoll egesmuster adicateacu riousnotionwhichnumbersofgo

38、odpeoplehaveaboutsuchancientseatsoflearningasharvardtomanyignorantoutsiders,thatnamesuggestslittlemorethanakindofsterilizedconceitandincapacityforbeingpleased inedithwyatt5sexquisitebookofchicagosketchescalledeveryonehisownwaythereisacouplewhostandforcultureinthesenseofexelusiveness:richardelliotand

39、hisfemininecounterpart欽撞 eeblecaricaturesofmankind, unabletoknowanygoodthingwhentheyseeit, incapableofenjoymentunlessaprintedlabelgivesthemleavepossiblythistypeofculturemayexistnearcambridgeandboston, theremaybespecimensthere,forpriggishnessisjustlikepainterj scolicoranyothertrade-disease.buteverygo

40、odcollegemakesitsstudentsimmuneagainstthismalady,ofwhichthemicrobehauntstheneighborhoodprintedpages.itdoessobyitsgeneraltonebeingtooheartyforthemicrobe'slife.realculturelivesbysympathiesandadmirations,notbydislikesanddisdainunderallmisleadingwrappingsitpouncesunerringlyuponthehumancore.ifacolleg

41、e,throughtheinferiorhumaninfluencesthathavegrownregnantthere,failstocatchtherobustertone, itsfailureiscolossa.1,foritssocialfunctionstops:democracygivesitawideberth,turnstoward it adea fear.ton e, tobesure , isaterrib lyvaguewor dtouse，butthereisnoother, andthiswholemeditationisoverquestionsoftone.

42、bytheirtonearealithingshumaneitherlostorsaved. ifdemocracyistobesaveditmustcatchthehigher, healthiertone. ifwearetoimpressitwithourpreferences, weourselvesmustusethepropertone,whichwe, inturn, musthavecaughtfromourownteachers. itallrevertsintheendtotheactionofinnumerableimitativeindividualsuponeacho

43、therandtothequestionofwhosetonehasthehighestspreadingpower.asaclass,wecollegegraduatesshouldlooktoitthatourshasspreadingpower. itoughttohav ethehighes tspreading power.in ouressenti alfunction ofindicati ngthebettermen, wenowhaveformidablecompetitorsoutside. mcclure'smagazine,theamericanmagazine,collier'sweekly, and,init