计算机网络双语课程教学方法探析

1、双语教学改革是现代化发展和信息技术应用的需求和必然趋势，而计算机网络课程受到 白身网络技术发展快、专业知识更新迅速快的特点彩响，在课程教学屮实施双语教学具有必 然性和迫切性。1计算机网络双语课程教学存在的问题计算机网络课程作为双语教学实践的重耍学科，受到了各大高校的热烈追捧，但在实践 教学中山于缺乏可借鉴的成功经验和未能结合本校实际建立起系统、完善、全血的双语教学 人才培养体系，导致双语教学在计算机网络课程屮应用率较低，教学效果与预期存在巨人差 距。目前我国高校计算机专业双语教学工作存在的主要问题有以下几个方而。(1) 学生学习兴趣较低。学生对于计算机网络双语课程教学缺乏兴趣，i方面是由于 学

2、生整体英语应用能力较差，在以前的英语学习中重视应试而非应用，导致学生的英语实践 技能较低，无法很好地适应双语教学；另一方面是受限于学生的英文理解能力，对于选川的 原版英文教材难以适应，容易导致学牛在授课过程中对知识点理解产牛:偏差和误区，从而严 重削弱了学生的学习积极性。(2) 教学方法单一枯燥。受到传统教学模式的束缚，计算机网络课程在实践教学中采 丿ij的教学方法多为教师讲、学生听的单一模式，在对知识展示时也多以板书和ppt课件为主, 缺乏多元化的知识表现形式，严重影响着学生的学习兴趣和主动性。2计算机网络双语课程教学方法的革新策略计算机网络课程是一门实践性鮫强的综合型学科，要确保其教学质量

3、的提高，就需要培 养学生自主学习的能力，通过引导学生自主学习激发学生的学习动机。因此在进行教学方式 革新时要着重于激发学生学习兴趣、积极调动学住白主学习能力，通过灵活运用多样化教学 方法来营造良好的课堂教学环境，促使学生形成良好的学习习惯，帮助学生树立起终身学习 计算机专业知识的宏伟冃标。2.1教学方法革新案例重庆第二师范学院在近十年的计算机网络课程双语教学中结合口身实际情况、充分利用 各方面资源，建立起了系统完善的计算机网络课程双语教学人才培养体系，有效解决了当前 各高校普遍存在的师资力量薄弱、课程设计不合理、教学方法单一、考核方式不灵活等问题， 极大捉高了双语教学的质量和水平，实现了对学生

4、个性化、创造性、创新性能力的培养，为 进一步推广双语教学的实践应用奠定了扎实的基础。(1) 转变教学理念。要提高计算机网络双语课程的教学质量，改善教学方法应用现状， 首先要积极转变教学理念，在坚持“以学生全面发展”为根本的基础上制定有效的策略来激 发学生的兴趣。通过明确“知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者”的思想理念促使学生从 知识的被动接收者转变为主动参与者和积极探索者。其次在实践教学中充分发挥学生的主体 作用，教师要为学生的积极参为和主动学习创造条件，引导学生去思考、去探索、去发现。 最后，建立起平等的师生关系，营造民主和谐的课堂氛围，我校在教学中创设问题情境和创 造平台来鼓励学生大胆提出

5、问题，切实改变了过去讲细、讲透、“以讲为主”的教学方法。（2）采用多元化教学方法。为了激发学生的学习兴趣，充分调动学生的学习白主性和 积极性，我校采用了讨论式、推演式、课内外结合式、理论联系实践式等多种教学方法來引 导学生去思考、探索和发现。讨论式教学：对于理论性较强的知识点采用讨论式教学方法，比如在讲授多路访问相关 协议吋，首先划分小组让学生间相互交流讨论，创设情境来启发学生将协议和实际生活小的 例子和比较，并尝试自己归纳总结出协议的基本步骤、思路以及特点。另外，对于实践性强 的内容可以安排专题让学牛白学,在实践前可以安排实践能力较为优秀的学牛或小组事先完 成实践任务，比如网络设备互连及基木

6、配置时，可以事先安排一组学生在课前完成实践内容， 在上课时让学生来进行课程讲授及演练操作过程，事后全班对此进行讨论、分析和评价。推演式教学：针对较复杂，具冇一定层次性r学生难以理解的知识点，通过由简单到复 杂、市理想模式到实川模式的逐步分析來让序牛掌握理论知识。比如在讲授网络可靠性原理 吋，通过推演式教学使学生理解可靠性原理，并初步了解和寧握科学研究的基木步骤和思想。理论联系实际的教学方法：计算机网络课程的人多数内容都具有较强的实践性，因此在 教学过程中要始终坚持理论联系实践的教学原则。比如在讲授回退n帧协议、流控机制、 分组排队等内容时，在讲解协议原理的同时使川可视化模拟软件來实现协议运行的

7、动态演示, 具有形象、生动、肓观的特点，增强了教学效果。（3）综合运用多种教学手段。信息技术的快速发展促使多媒体教学技术和设备在高校的普及，为了学生拥有更多自主选择学习的权利，满足学生个性化需求，提高教学的质量和 水平，我校在教学过程中主耍采用了以下两个方法来实现教学手段的丰富。多媒体课件制作：所有计算机网络课程的重难点都制作了演示文件，通过融入多媒体（含动画）让知 识点变得更加生动、直观、形象。比如在学习多路访问相关协议时做了演示文件，将原來抽 彖、复杂的协议用生动的图像和动画表现出来，使学生可以更直观地理解教学内容，并激发 学生学习兴趣，促进了教学质量整体的提高。建立网络学习平台：通过建立

8、起校内网络课程学习交流平台，教师在教学前将制定好的 教学大纲、教案、习题、实验指导、参考资料、教学录像等内容全部传到网络课程学习平台 上，学生登录到平台去下载资料和在线学习。此外，教师通过网络化的教学方式（建立qq 学习群，微信群），做到及时向学生分享最新计算机方面的知识和信息，并及时提醍学生在 线学习、准备学习资料、完成线上检测、在线提交项目任务等，讣学主可以在课外白主学习， 充分调动了学生的学习积极性，增强了学生自主学习的能力。2.2理论联系实践：推进项目教学法的实施项冃教学法是基于构建主义学习理论提出的实践教学法，其通过选取、模拟、参与工程 项目来创设实践情境，通过小组协作学习、教师指导

9、的学习方式来展开学习，让学生在实践 情境中去发现问题、探索问题、寻找解决问题的方法。通过完成项目实践來实现白我知识体 系的构建，是适应让算机网络双语课程教学需求的有效教学方法。因此耍进一步推进双语教 学在计算机网络课程中的实践应用，可以通过理论联系实践、推进实施项目教学法來增强学 生的实践操作能力，其具休实施方法有以卜儿个方面。（1）项目选择：坚持以学生为中心。由于项1=1教学法具备实践性、h主性、发展性、 综合性、开放性的特点，在项目制定或选择时要充分考虑到这五个特点因素，坚持以学生为 中心、根据学生的个性发展、兴趣爱好等选择合适的项冃，通过制定阶段性项冃和长期项冃 相结合来培养学生综合运用

10、计算机专业知识的能力，并确保项目的主题与实际生活相符合, 让项目教学更具备针对性和实用性。（2）项目实践：保证教学的开放性。要确保项目实践的开放性、可行性和实用性，在 实际教学的过程屮首先要根据学牛的认知发展、沖习需求來精心设计项n；创造实践可行的 问题情境来激发学生的学习兴趣，发展学生的思维能力；掌握项目设计的层次性，要确保每 个阶段的项目教学目标符合学生的认知构建，满足不同层次不同盂求学生的学习盂要。比如 在制作网贝吋可以给出一个开放式的专题让学生们选择口己感兴趣的网页内容来进行设计, 在设计时首先划分好小组；教师给出项冃任务一一制作一个类似网易的网站，给出科技、军 事、时尚、女性、历史、

11、财经、旅游、汽车、房产、新闻、娱乐、体育等网页专题，每个小 组选择两个专题来进行网页制作（每个专题不少于i张显示网页），并确立起短期项目计划（每个小组完成网页制作）和t期项冃计划（专题网页制作汇总并制作首页，以及后期运行、 管理维护等）。整个过程屮教师通过巡杳来督促学生完成任务,并及时对学生在实践操作过 程中遇到的技术难题进行讲解、提出建议,从而引导学牛围绕项目探索解决问题的方式方法, 增强口身的实践能力的知识应用能力，确保整个项h过程的开放性，有利于实现教育h标的 认知过程，有效促进学生创造能力的发展。（3）实践延伸：设计留白激发学生创造潜能。在项口设计吋教师应当适当留白，通过 故意制造漏洞

12、來引导学生在实践过程中去发现、去探索、去解决，让学生明白教师的考虑并 不总是全而的，教师也像学生一样需要在学习和实践的过程中去积累、去提升、去完成新的 知识体系构建。因此在教学过程屮，对于较为优秀的学生，教师可以带动他们一起去完成项 目创造，激发学生的创造、创新潜能。3结束语当询计算机网络双语课程教学方法应用的主要问题是方法和手段较为单一，严重影响了 学生的学习兴趣，因此要采用多样化的教学方法和综合运用多媒体教学、网络教学等教学手 段，通过实施项冃教学法等方式来丰富双语教学方式，从而进一步推进双语教学在计算机网 络课程中的应用实践。bilin gual teachi ng reform is

13、the modern developme nt and the in evitable trend of the dema nd of the in formatio n tech no logy applicati on and n etwork tech no logy and computer network course by itself the characteristics of quick, professional knowledge update quickly, carr ying out bilingual teachi ng in the course teachi

14、ng has the n ecessity and urge ncy.1 computer network problems in bilingual teachingcomputer n etwork course as the important subject of bilin gual teachi ng practice, warm welcome by the colleges and un iversities, but in the practice teachi ng due to lack of can draw lessons from the successful ex

15、perienee and failing to combine the circumstance to establish a system, improve the personnel training and comprehensive bilingual teaching system, lead to bilingual teaching in computer network curriculum utility ratio is low, there is a huge gap with the expected teachi ng effect the computer majo

16、r in colleges and un iversities main problems of bilin gual teachi ng has the followi ng several aspects.(1) the students' learning interest is low. students lack of interest in the bilingual teaching for computer network, on the one hand is due to the students' overall english application a

17、bility is poorer, attaches great importanee to the test rather than in the previous english learning application, lead to the students' english practical skills is low, can't well adapt to the bilingual teachi ng; on the other hand is restricted to stude nts of en glish comprehe nsion, for d

18、ifficult to adapt to the original english materials to use, easy to cause the students in the process of teachi ng on the kno wledge un derstandi ng deviation and error, thus severely weake ned the learning enthusiasm of students.(2) the teachi ng methods in a single bori ng. from the bon dage of th

19、e traditi onal teaching mode, the computer n etwork curriculum teachi ng methods used in the practice teaching for teacher speaks, students listen to a single mode, when the show for knowledge is given priority to with blackboard writing and ppt courseware, the lack of diversified forms of knowledge

20、, the serious in flue nee the stude nts' lear ning interest and in itiative 2 bilin gual computer network curriculum teachi ng methods inno vati on strategycomputer n etwork course is a practical str on ger comprehe nsive discipline, to ensure that the improveme nt of teachi ng quality, you need

21、 to cultivate stude nts1 ability of aut ono mous learning, through the guide students to stimulate students' learning motivation of independent lear ning. so in the teachi ng reform to stimulate stude nts in terest in lear ning, and focuses on the positive transfer of students1 autonomous learni

22、ng ability, through the flexible use of diversified teachi ng methods to create a good environment of classroom teachi ng, make stude nts form good learning habits, help students to set up computer professional knowledge the grand goal of lifelong learning.2.1 case teachi ng method inno vati onchong

23、qing second normal college in nearly a decade in bilingual teaching in computer network courses combined with its own actual situation, make full use of all aspects of resources, set up bilin gual teachi ng system perfect computer n etwork course tale nt cultivati on system, effectively resolve the

24、current universities widespread weakness of teachers, curriculum design is un reas on able, single teaching method, examinati on mode is not flexible and so on, greatly improve the quality and level of the bilin gual teachi ng, has realized to the stude nt in dividuality, creativity and the cultivat

25、ion of innovative ability, in order to further promote the practice of bilin gual teachi ng applicatio n laid a solid fou ndati on.(1) cha nge the teaching idea to improve the quality of bilin gual teachi ng computer n etwork, improve the teachi ng method application situatio r first should actively

26、 change teaching idea, insist on hto students all-round developmenth as the basic formulation on the basis of effective strategies to stimulate students1 interest. through the clear “know the person well, the good person than joy of1' the thought idea prompted students from passive recipients of

27、 knowledge into active participants and explorer. then give full play to student's main body role in the practice teaching, teachers should create conditions for students' active participation and active lear ning, guide stude nts to think, to explore, to discover. fin ally, establish the eq

28、ual relationship between teachers and students, build the democracy harmonious classroom atmosphere, creati ng problem situatio n in teachi ng in our school and create a platform to en courage stude nts to boldly ask questions, to change the past and detailed, speak deeply, hgive priority to in orde

29、r to speak" teachi ng method.(2) adopt divers 讦 ied teachi ng methods .in order to stimulate stud en ts1 i nterest in learni ng, fully mobilize students' learning autonomy and enthusiasm, we adopted the discussion-based, deduction, as well as the combi nation of inside and outside class, th

30、eory with practice and so on many kinds of teaching methods to guide students thinking, exploration and discoverydiscussionbased teaching: the theoretical strong knowledge discussionbased teaching methods, such as in the teachi ng of multiple access agreeme nt, betwe en the first divisi on team let

31、students communicate with each other to discuss, to inspire the student to agreement by establish!ng and examples in real life, and try to sum up the basic steps, thinking and characteristics of agreement in addition, for can arrange the content of the practical project, let the students self-study

32、before practice can arrange practical ability is more outstanding students or group practice task in advanee, such as network interconnection equipment and the basic configuration, we can arrange a group of students in advanee before class to complete the practice content, let the stude nts to cours

33、e teachi ng in class and the practice operation process, after the class discussion, analysis and evaluation.derived type teaching: in view of the complex, has certain gradation and students to un d erst a nd kno wledge, through from simple to complex, from the ideal mode to practical mode an alysis

34、 step by step to let the stude nts master the theoretical kno wledge .in teachi ng of n etwork reliability prin ciple, for example, through the derived type teachi ng to make stude nts un derstand the principle of reliability, and a preliminary understanding and mastering the basic steps of scientif

35、ic research and ideastheory with practice teachi ng method, the computer network curriculum of most content with strong practicality, so in the teachi ng process should adhere to the prin ciple of theory with practice of teaching .in teachi ng, for example the fallback n frame agreeme nt, the flow c

36、ontrol mechanism, and the packet queue content, the principle of interpretation of the agreement at the same time use the visual simulation software to implement the agreement running dynamic dem on strati on, has the characteristics of image, vivid, in tuitive, enhan ces the teachi ng effect.(3) th

37、e in tegrated use of a variety of teachi ng methods the rapid developme nt of in formatio n tech no logy causes the popularity of multimedia teachi ng tech no logy and equipme nt in universities, students in order to have more rights to choose their learning, meet the individual n eeds of students,

38、improve teachi ng quality and level, our school in the teachi ng process is mainly adopted the following two methods to realize the variety of teachi ng methods. multimedia courseware: all heavy difficulty of the course computer networks made a presentation, through into the multimedia (animation) k

39、nowledge becomes more vivid, intuitive, image such as in learning multiple access protocol related to do the presentation, the origjnal abstract and complex agreement with vivid images and animation, so that the students can be more intuitive un dersta nding of the teachi ng content, and stimulate s

40、tude nts in terest in lear ning, improve the teaching quality of the whole.build a network learning platform, by establish!ng the campus network course learning communication platform, teachers will develop good syllabus before teaching, teaching plan, problem sets, experime nt guida nee and teachi

41、ng resources, video content such as the whole to the network curriculum learning platform, students to login to download data and online learning platfor m. in additi on, the teacher through n etwork teachi ng way, set up the qq study group, wechat group), do it in a timely manner to the students to

42、 share the latest computer knowledge and information, and timely remind students to online learning, learning materials, complete online testing and online submission project tasks, etc., can let the student in extracurricular autonomous learning, to fully arouse the enthusiasm of the students'

43、learning, and to enhance the students' ability of autonomous learning.2.2 theory with practice, to promote the implementation of the project teachi ng methodproject teachi ng method is based on the theory of building socialism learni ng practice teachi ng method is put forward, through the selec

44、tion, simulation, participate in the project to create practical situation, through the group collaborative learning, learning under the guidanee of teachers to start learning, let the students to discover problems, explore the problems in practical situation, find out the ways to solve problems. th

45、rough project practice to realize the self knowledge system construction, is to meet the needs of bilin gual teachi ng of computer n etwork of effective teachi ng methods thus to further promote bilin gual teachi ng in the practical applicatio n of computer n etwork course, through theory with pract

46、ice, to promote the impleme ntati on of project teachi ng method to enhance the students* practical operation ability, and the concrete implementation method have the following several aspects(1) the choice of the project: adhere to the students as the center. due to the project teachi ng method wit

47、h practicality, the characteristics of aut onomy, developmental, in tegrated, open, in a project to develop or select should fully take into account when these five characteristics, adhere to the students as the center, according to the personality development of students, hobbies, etc. choose the a

48、ppropriate project, by combining develop phased project and a long-term project to develop students1 comprehensive ability to use computer professional knowledge, and to ensure that the theme of the project consistent with actual life, let the project teaching have more pertinence and practicability

49、(2) the practice of the project: guarantee the ope nn ess of the teachi ng. to en sure the openness, feasibility and practicability of project practice, i n the process of practical teachi ng, first of all, to be based on the need of the students1 cognitive development, learning to elaborate design

50、projects; creative practice feasible problem situation to stimulate students' interest in learning, develop students' thinking ability; hierarchy of project design, to ensure that each phase of the project teachi ng goal con forms to the stude nt's cognitive con struct! on, meet the dema

51、 nd of differe nt levels of differe nt students* lear ning needs. such as in making the web can give an open project to let the students choose their interested in web content to design, first of all to define when the design team; teachers give - produce a similar project tasks netease website, sci

52、enee and technolog% military, fashion, women are given, history, finance, tourism, automobile, www.hanyuloo.net real estate, news, entertainment, sports, such as web project, to make the web pages on each group choose two projects (each project not less than ten display page), and set up the short-term project plan finish making web pages (each group), and iong-term project plan (make a summary page and front page, and post operation, management, maintenance, etc.)