英汉互译课件

1、增词法举例the students 学生们们 modern weapons 各种各种现代武器workers of all industries 各工业部门部门的工人the mountains 群群山the flowers 朵朵朵朵鲜花 “要想富， 译文： to get rich, you must have fewer children and plant more trees. 改译： to get rich for a better living, you must have fewer children to follow the one-child-for-one-couple nat

2、ional policy and plant more trees for more wood. 少生孩子多种树。”“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”译文： suzhou and hangzhou are the paradise on the earth.改译： suzhou and hangzhou are the paradise on earth for their beautiful landscapes. “生在苏州，穿在杭州，吃在广州，死在柳州。”译文：being born in suzhou, dressing in hangzhou, eating in guangzhou, dyin

3、g in liuzhou.改译：it is a great luck for anyone to be born in suzhou with the most promising living environment, to dress himself in hangzhou with the most beautiful silk clothes, to dine in guangzhou with the most delicious food, and to die in liuzhou with the most elaborate funeral. unit 5 omission

4、i省略法在英汉翻译中的运用 1代词的省略 2冠词的省略 3介词的省略 4连词的省略 5动词的省略 6非人称代词“it”的省略ii省略法在汉英翻译中的运用 1省略冗词赘语 2省略概念范畴类词语 3省略过详的细节描述 汉语较英语简练。英译汉时，许多在原文中汉语较英语简练。英译汉时，许多在原文中必不可少的词语要是原原本本地译成汉语，就会必不可少的词语要是原原本本地译成汉语，就会成为不必要的冗词，译文会显得十分累赘。因此成为不必要的冗词，译文会显得十分累赘。因此省略法在英译汉中使用得非常广泛，其主要目的省略法在英译汉中使用得非常广泛，其主要目的是删去一些可有可无、不符合译文习惯表达法的是删去一些可有可

5、无、不符合译文习惯表达法的词语，如实词中的代词、动词的省略；虚词中的词语，如实词中的代词、动词的省略；虚词中的冠词、介词和连词的省略等。冠词、介词和连词的省略等。 汉语也有重复啰嗦、拖泥带水的语言现象，汉语也有重复啰嗦、拖泥带水的语言现象，因此省略法也同样适用于汉译英的某些情况。汉因此省略法也同样适用于汉译英的某些情况。汉译英的省略主要是省略冗词赘语，以及一些表示译英的省略主要是省略冗词赘语，以及一些表示概念范畴的词语和过分详细的描述。概念范畴的词语和过分详细的描述。 omission is a technique opposite to amplification. what is rega

6、rded as a natural or indispensable element in one language may be regarded as superfluous or even a stumbling block in the other.for example: original english:the time-keeping devices of electronic watches are much more accurate than those of mechanical ones. chinese version：电子表比机械表准确得多。 i. omission

7、 in english-chinese translation 1omitting the pronoun pronouns are more frequently used in english than in chinese. therefore, when translated into chinese, many english pronouns may be omitted so as to conform the rendering to the accustomed usage of chinese expression. he put his hands into his po

8、ckets and then shrugged his shoulders 他将双手放进衣袋，然后耸了耸肩。 for two weeks, he had been studying the house, looking at its rooms, its electric wiring, its path and its garden 两周以来，他一直注意观察房子的情况，查看各个房间，留心电线的走向、通道和花园的布局。2. omitting the article the article is the hallmark of english nouns. when translated int

9、o chinese, it is usually omitted except when the indefinite article is intended to indicate the numeral “one，or a certain. the moon was slowly rising above the sea 月亮慢慢从海上升起。work in pairs: any substance is made up of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas. the direction of d force can be re

10、presented by an arrow keys: any substance is made up of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas. 任何物质，不论是固体、液体或气体，都由原子组成。 the direction of d force can be represented by an arrow 力的方向可以用箭头表示。 3. omitting the preposition chinese is characterized by its succinctness and the preposition appears

11、less frequently in chinese than in english, and therefore omission of prepositions is a common practice in english-chinese translation. work in pairs: smoking is prohibited in public places the difference between the two machines consists in power hydrogen is the lightest elemcnt with an atomic weig

12、ht of l.008 keys: smoking is prohibited in public places 公共场所不许吸烟。 the difference between the two machines consists in power 这两台机器的差别在于功率不同。 hydrogen is the lightest elemcnt with an atomic weight of l.008 氢是最轻的元素，原子量为1. 008。 4. omitting the conjunction chinese is considered an analytic language and

13、many conjunctions that are indispensable in english may seem redundant in chinese. he looked gloomy and troubled 他看上去有些忧愁不安。 if i had known it, i would not have joined in 早知如此，我就不参加了。 like charges repel each other while opposite charges attract. 同性电荷相斥， 异性电荷相吸。 5omitting the verb as chinese is a lan

14、guage of parataxis（意合连（意合连结），结），its grammar is not so strict as that of english, and predicative verbs in chinese sometimes may also be omitted. when the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low 气压低，沸点就低。 solids expand and contract as liquids and gases do 如同液体和气体一样，固体也能膨胀和收缩。 for this reason

15、 television signals have a short range。 因此，电视信号的传播距离很短。 6. omitting the impersonal pronoun“it”. this often occurs when it stands for time, weather,distance,or formal subject/ object of a sentence. outside it was pitch-dark and it was raining cats and dogs 外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 it was not until the middle of

16、the 19th century that the blast furnace came into use 直到19世纪中叶，高炉才开始使用。 ii. omission in chinese-english translation it is generally employed in three circumstances: 1.redundant words in original chinese, such as unnecessary repetition and wordy expressions; 2.theoriginal meaning that has already bee

17、n implied in the context of the english version; 3. the original meaning obviously shown in the english version without further elaboration. 1. omitting redundant words 质子带正电，电子带负电，而中子既不带正电，不带正电，也不带负电也不带负电。 a proton has a positive charge and an electron a negative charge, but a neutron has neither.

18、我已经提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提前完成提前完成了交给他的工了交给他的工作。 i have fulfilled my assigned work ahead of schedule, so has he. 2. omitting words of conceptual category sometimes, omission is used in chinese-english translation when the original chinese indicates not a specific case but a conceptual category, especially such nouns as“任务、工作、情况、问题、事业、局面”and so on. for example: 我们党结束了那个时期的社会动荡和纷扰不安的局面局面。 our party has put an end to the social unrest and upheaval of that time. 这些都是人民内部矛盾问题问题。 all these are contradictions among the people. 3. omitting meticulous descriptions occasionally, omission is used to simplify th