2022年2022年初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载定语从句的用法和精练一.定语从句的概念在复合句中 、修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句；被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词、定语从句一般放在先行词后二.定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词、常见的关系代词包括that、 which、who宾格 whom、全部格 whose等、关系副词包括 where、 when、 why 等；关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用、同时又作定语从句的重要成分；三.定语从句的分类依据定语从句与先行词的关系、定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从 句；限制性定语从句紧跟先行词、主句与从句不用逗号分开

2、、从句不行省去；非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开、起补充说明作用 、如省去 、意思仍完整；四.关系代词的用法（一）限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法作用宾语精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载先行词主语及物动词宾语或没被提前的介词被提 前 的 的 介定语词宾语精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载宾语指人who/that、 aswho/whom/that、 as介词+whomwhose/of whom精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载指物which/that、 asthat/which、 as介词+whichwho

3、se/ofwhich1. that既可以用于指人 、也可以用于指物；在从句中作主语或宾语、作主语时不行省略 、作宾语可省略；例如 :精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛. the coat that i put on the desk is blue我.丽喜爱轻柔的音乐； that 作主语 放在桌子上的那件外套为蓝色的；that 作宾语 精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2. which 用于指物 、在句中作主语或宾语 、作主语不行省略 、作宾语可省略；例如 :the building w

4、hich stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站邻近的那座大楼为一家超市； 作主语 the film which we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看； 作精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载宾语3. who、 whom 用于指人 、who 用作主语 、whom 用作宾语；在口语中 、有时可用 who 代替whom、 也可省略；例如 :the girl who often helps me with my english is from england.常常在

5、英语方面帮忙我的那个女孩为英国人； 作主语 who is the teacher whom li ming is talking to. 正在与李明谈话的老师为谁.作宾语 留意:1当定语从句中含有介词、介词放在句末时 、who、 that、 which 可省略 、但介词在关系代词前时 、只能用 “介词+which/whom” 结构；例如 :精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载this is the house in which we lived last year这.为我们去年居住的房子；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载please tell me from whom

6、you borrowed the english novel. 请告知我你从谁那借的这本英文小说；2含有介词的固定动词词组中、介词不行前置 、只能放在原先的位置上；例如:this is the person whom you are looking for. 这就为你要找的那个人；(3) that作介词的宾语时 、介词不能放它的前面 、只能放在从句中动词的后面；例如:精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载the city that she lives in is very far away她.4关系词只能用 that 的情形 :居住的城市特别远；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢

7、迎下载a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰 、或本身为序数词. 基数词.形容词最高级时 、 只能用 that、而不用 which.例如 : he was the first person that passed the exam. 他为第一个通过考试的人；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载b.被修饰的先行词为all、 any、 much、 many、 everything、 anything、 none、 the on等e不定代精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载词时、只能用 that、而不用 which.例如:is there anything that you w

8、ant to buy in the shop.你在商店里有什么东西要买吗. c.先行词被 the only、 the very、 the same、 the last、 little、 few等词修饰时 、只能用 that、而不用 which.例如:精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载this is the same bike that i lost这.就为我丢的那辆自行车；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时、只能用 that、而不用 which.例如:i can remember well the persons and some pict

9、ures that i saw in the room.我能清晰记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片； e.以 who 或 which 引导的特别疑问句 、为防止重复 、只能用 that.例如:who is the girl that is crying. 正在哭泣的那个女孩为谁.f.主句为 there be 结构 、修饰主语的定语从句用that、而不用 which.例如 :精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载there is a book on the desk that belongs to tom桌.子上那本书为汤姆的；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载h.有两个定

10、语从句时,其中一个宜用which,另外一个宜用that；如：they secretly built up a small factory、 which produced things that could cause pollution.i . 当先行词在主句中作表语；而关系代词在从句中也作表语时,如：shanghai is no longer the city that is used to be.5 关系词只能用which、而不用 that 的情形 :a.先行词为 that、 those时、用 which、 而不用 that.例如:what s that which is under th

11、e desk在. 桌子底下的那些东西为什么.b.关系代词前有介词时 、一般用 which、而不用 that.例如: this is the room in which he lives. 这为他居住的房间； c.引导非限制性定语从句、用 which、 而不用 that.例如:tom came back、 which made us happy汤.姆回来了 、这使我们很兴奋；d.先行词后面有插入语时,只用which 不用 that；here is the english grammar book which、as i vetold you、 willhelp you improveyour en

12、glish.（ 6）as 引导限制性定语从句常用以下句式；a. such+名词+as. b. suchpron+asc.the same +名词+as二非限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载作用先行词宾语主语及物动词宾语被 提 前 的 的 介定语词宾语精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载指人who、aswho/whom、 as介词+whomwhose/ofwhom指物which、 aswhich、 as介词+whichwhose/of which句子which1.关系代词在任何情形下都不能省略,如i want to buy a dictiona

13、ry、 which is valuable to my learning.2. who、 whom 、 which不能用 that 代替；如this is new york、 which i have visited for several times.3. which 引导非限制性定语从句时,先行词可以为一个词也可以为一个句子；如精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载he was late again、 which made the teacher very unhappy.五.关系副词的用法（一）当关系代词在定语从句中作状语时,要用关系副词 ；其中 when=表示间的介词（如：in

14、,at,on、during 等）+which；where=表地点的介词（如： in、at、on、under 等） +which； why=表缘由的介词（如： for）+which.如： i still remember the day when i first came tobeijing . when=on whichcan you tell me the office where he works.where=in which do you know the reason why he is absent.why=for which（二） where/when=介词 + 关系代词which

15、,有时为表达清晰,仍可以在关系副词where/when前加介词 from/to 等,如：china is the birthplace of kites、from where kite flying spreads to japan、korea、thailand and india.三关系副词 when、where可用于非限制性定语从句中,而关系副词why 不行以；i.单项填空；1. -do you know the man is talking with your father.-yes、 he s our headmaster.a. he b. who c. which d. whom2.

16、 is this the river i can swim.a. which b. in which c. that d. the one3. this is the best hotel in the city i know.a. where b. which c. that d. it4. can you lend me the dictionary the other day.a. that you bought b. you bought itc. that you bought it d. which you bought it5. anyone with what i said m

17、ay put up you hands.a. which agrees b. who agreec. who agrees d. which agree6. my watch is not the only thing is missing.a. that b. it c. which who7. the man coat is black is waiting at the gatea. who bs. whose c. that of which.8. the girl is reading under the tree my sister.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载a

18、. which; is b. whom; was c. who; is d. who; was9. i love places the people are really friendly.a. that b. which c. where d. who10. the world is made up of matter.a. in that we live b. on which we livec. where we live in d. we live in11. do you know the scientist gave us a talk just now.天 津市 a. whob.

19、 whomc. whichd. whose12. this is the dictionary mum gave me for my birthday. 河北省 a. whichb. whatc. whosed. whom13. shaolin temple lies in the west of zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.a. whereb. whichc. whod. what14. do you know the girl is standing under the tree.she is my lit

20、tle sister. 福州市 a. whob. whomc. whosed. which精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载15. this is the question we are talking about now.吉a. thatb. whoc. whered. when16. what are you looking for.i am looking for the book i bought yesterday. 长a. whob. whichc. whose林省 沙市 精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载17. jack、 there is someone

21、 in the office would like to speak with you.厦 门市 a. whob. whichc. whom18. if a bag is filled with books and pens、 it must belong to someone works hard. 临沂市 a. whichb. /c. whomd. who19. many young people prefer the songs have great lyrics泰. 安市 a. whichb. whoc. whered. whom20. even teachers can t unde

22、rstand some expressions their students use in daily life.a. whoseb. whoc. thatd. whom21. beijing is the 29th city holds the olympic games. 芜湖市 精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载a. whereb. thatc. whichd. what22. have you read the book i gave you yesterday.茂名市 a. thatb. whenc. where23. the man came to our party with a present is my old friend.茂 名市 a. whenb. whichc. what24. i like writers write short stories. 襄樊市 a. whichb. whatc. whomd. who25. there are many volunt