英语语法专题-句子成分

1、英语语法专题-句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即_和_,这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括_,_,_,_,_,_。句子成分是句子中起一定功能作用的组成部分。1、主语：是一句的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用_,_,或_担任，一般放在_。We are friends.Students are studying in the classroom.充当主语的形式：_,_,_，_,_。注意：非谓语动词作主语时谓语动词用单数。Eating vegetables _(be) good for your health.To see is t

2、o believe.句型:Its important/necessary/difficut/hard (for sb) to do sth. It在此句型中充当_。2、谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用_或_充当，放在主语_。观察例句和的谓语部分，例句的谓语are叫做_,例句的谓语study叫做_。注意：助动词和情态动词不能单独充当谓语。I can speak English.You must do your homework now.I do believe you.I dont believe you.3、宾语：表示行为的对象，常用_或_充当，放在_或_之后。观察例句。I

3、play with you.句型：sb find/think it difficult/important/necessary to do sth.It在此句型中充当_。My teacher told me that I passed my exam.例句含有一个_从句。4、定语：是用来说明或限定名词的成分，常用_或_或_担任。_ 放在名词之前，_或_放在名词的后面。It is a green tree.He is a tall boy of 16 years old.=He is a tall boy who is 16 years old.5、状语：是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的

4、成分，常用_担任，修饰动词时可以放在动词_,也可放在动词_;修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。The students study hard.I often write to him.The bag is too heavy注意：说明动作“何时”，“何地”，“如何”发生，或者说明形容词或副词的程度，一般由副词，介词短语，不定式，状语从句充当。You must get up early to catch the first bus.If it doesnt rain, I will go to the cinema.He got up so early that he caught the fir

5、st bus.6、补语：补充说明。主语补语：Tom was made monitor.宾语补语：补充说明宾语的_,_,常用名词，形容词，动词非谓语形式，介词短语等充当。I made Tom monitor.Ask her to come to dinner tomorrow.7、表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由_或_担任。表语只能放在连系动词之后。（如：be,look,become,turn,get,grow,feel,seem等）This table is long.I am a teacher.When I get old, I want to live in countryside

6、.8、同位语：对被修饰对象进行补充说明或进一步解释。Li Lei, my former classmate, is now a manager in a company.We students should respect every teacher.通常情况下，主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下：（定语） 主语 （状语） 谓语 （定语） 宾语 （状语）（The tall）boy (often) goes (to the big) zoo.(The happy) child went home (yesterday).请分析下面句子的结构说出各个成分。(Group discussion)1.I have two elder sisters.2.They dont swim very well.3.Do you go to school every day?4.I really want a cup of tea.5.Mr Zhang teaches biology very well.6.Well sit nearer the front so that we can hear better.7.Though its rain