2022年2022年虚拟语气用法归纳

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品资料欢迎下载虚拟语气用法归纳英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气；不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的仍借助句法形式）来表示；一. 虚拟条件句条件句有两类：一类为真实条件句,一类为虚拟条件句假如假设的情形为有可能发生的,就为真实条件句,谓语用陈述语气；if you don t work hard、 you will fail.if it is fine tomorrow、 we will go for a picnic.假如假设的情形过去.现在.将来都不存在,就为虚拟语气虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式主句

2、谓语动词形式与过去事实相反的假设had donewould/could/might/should have done与现在事实相反的假设过去时 was werewould/could/might/should do精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载与将来事实相反的假设过去时was were ;should do; were to dowould/could/might/should do精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载1.与现在事实相反的虚拟what would you do if you won the lottery.if i were you、 i would

3、seize the chance to go abroad.if i had a lot of money now、 i would travel around the world.2.与过去事实相反的虚拟if you had been here yesterday、 you would have seen her.if he had driven more carefully、 he would not have had the car accident yesterday.3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟if it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow

4、、 our plan would be put off. if we were to picnic、 we would not be able to help.二.错综.混合虚拟语气通常,在上面表格里反映的为非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式,从句和主句的谓语动词时间为一样的,假如两者时间不一样,此时就为混合型虚拟语气；混合型虚拟语气的使用 要求“各自为政” ,即从句和主句依据各自假设的时间不同,采纳上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式；1. if i had seen you、 i would not be so worried now. 从句为对过去的假设,主句为对现在的假设 2. if you had

5、 not watched television so late last night、 you would not be so sleepy now.从句为对过去的假设,主句为对现在的假设3. had you followed the doctor s suggestion、 you would be fine now. 从句为对过去的假设,主句为对现在的假设4. if i had made some money last summer、 i would go on holiday next month.从句为对过去的假设,主句为对将来的假设5. you didn t let me drive

6、. if we had driven in turns、 you wouldnt be so tired now. 从句为对过去的假设,主句为对现在的假设精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品资料欢迎下载6. if i were your mother、 i would let you go out this weekend. 从句为对现在的假设,主句为对将来的假设三.含蓄虚拟语气虚拟语气中的“含蓄之美”指的为含蓄虚拟语气；由于有时假设的情形并不为以if 引导的条件从句形式显现,而为通过一些短语等形式示意虚拟语气的存在,常用的词语有with、 without、 but for、 o

7、therwise、 or , even、 in case of、 what if 假如将如何 等等,这种句子往往 有主句而无从句考试时多数情形为对过去的假设；but for your encouragement、 i would not have been admitted to this university.（过去）without water、 all lives would die.（现在）he felt too tired yesterday、 or he would have attended my party.（过去）i was having a meeting、 otherwis

8、e i would have come to see you off. （过去） 四. 虚名词性从句的虚拟语气含有 should +v 的用法, 这一部分主要为有关建议和命令的相关从句,包括主语从句, 宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句以及以之相关的形式主语宾语之类的从句；记忆口诀：一个坚持 insist,两个命令 order、 command ,三个建议 suggest、 advise、 recommend,四个要求ask、 require、 demand、 request ；1. 宾语从句的虚拟语气he insisted that the meeting be put off.the gene

9、ral ordered that all the soldiers should leave. he gives orders that the soldiers should leave.2. 表语从句的虚拟语气my suggestion is that we should stay here for a rest.3. 同位语从句的虚拟语气there is no suggestion that she should resign.4. 主语从句的虚拟语气主要表达在it 做形式主语的三种情形：it s +p.p +that ； it s+ adj. +that ； it s + n. +th

10、at常用的动词recommand、 demand、 desire、 order、 request、 require、 suggest、command常 用 的 形 容 词important、necessary、 right、advisable、natural、strange、surprising、 regretful、urgent、 vital、 insistent、 essential常用的名词duty、 pity、 no surpise、 no wonder、 shame、 regret其实这些词在句子中其实也有建议命令类似的的意思 it s important that you shou

11、ld take the medicine. it s a pity that you should refuse the invitation.it s essential that we should learn some knowledge about fist aid. it s demanded that all the students should go to the playground. it was suggested that he should join the club activities.5. it 为形式宾语的情形实际上为上面形式主语的一种变形,为以it 为形式宾

12、语的复合宾语从句,it 后面的宾语补足语多为形容词或名词,常见词就为上面形式主语后面的那些词；i consider it vital that he should think deeply before acting. we think it necessary that the meeting should be put off.6. 某些词语如suggest、 insist 等有双重含义, 所以在使用的时候要留意什么时候用虚拟语气,什么时候不用虚拟语气；her smile suggested that she was in favor of the plan. we insisted th

13、at what the boy did was wrong.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品资料欢迎下载五虚拟语气在特别句式中的运用,主要有两种情形：i .would rather、 it s time、 for fear thatwould rather 在使用时要留意它的不同用法；由于本身would rather 可以直接接动词原形,构成would rather do sth. than do sth.else;或者 would do sth. rather than do sth.else.而虚拟语气的would rather为这样使用的would rather sb.

14、 did 对现在或将来的假设/ haddone对过去的假设i would rather he didn t go now.they would rather they hadn t attended the party.it s about high time that从句中常用过去式有时也用should do、 含建议的意思；汉语的意思为“为该做的时候了 ”,也等于it s time for sb. to do sth.it s high time that we went home.it s high time that we should go home. it s high time

15、for us to go home.for fear that 后面可以接虚拟语气should do,也可以接其他语气,但依旧会有一个情态动词；i will not make a noise for fear that i should / might disturd you.ii .wish+clause; as if/ though+ clause; if only 这三种情形的虚拟语气有点相像；wish 后的宾语从句, 谓语动词要用虚拟语气, 其形式主要有三种 wish sb. did对现在的虚拟 ; wish sb. had done对过去的虚拟 ; wish sb. would do

16、 对将来的虚拟 .有时在对过去的虚拟时,也会显现 wish sb. would have done的情形；i wish i knew what was going to happen. she wished she had stayed at home.i wish i would have seen her last night.此时要留意表示语气很强时用how sb. wish+ clause、 其用法同上；假如要用was 依旧换成 were.how i wish i were a bird.as if/ though 显现的虚拟语气主要有两种情形：主句+as if/ though 引导的

17、状语从句； seem/ look/ smell +as if/ though 引导的表语从句；主句 +as if/ though 引导的状语从句：主句+as if/though+主语 +did/ were 对现在的假设；主句 +as if/ though+ 主语 +could/ would do 对将来的假设；主句 +as if/ though+ 主语 +haddone对过去的假设seem/ look/ smell 等的从句情形基本上和上面一样；she talks as if she knew everything.he behaved as if nothing had happened.留

18、意不需要用虚拟语气的情形if only 引起的感叹句要求用虚拟语气,表示愿望；形式为：用过去式或者would/ coulddo、 表示与现在或将来事实相反的愿望；用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反的愿望；if only he were here.if only you would listen to our advise. if only i had not been busy last week. ifonly 也可以用于虚拟条件从句中,如：if only i had more money、 i could buy a car.六.虚拟语气测试题精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品

19、资料欢迎下载i 用所给单词的适当形式填空；1. if you follow the doctor、 you be all right now.2. if we drive the car by turns、 you not be so tired now.3. if i be you、 i not miss that opportunity.4. if they start in the early morning、 they arrive soon 5.if you take an umbrella、 you not be wet now.6. without water、 there be

20、 no living things.7. but for your help、 we not finish the work.8. the young man insisted that he do nothing wrong and set free.9. had you listened to the doctor、 you be all right now.10. look at the terrible situation i am in. if only i follow your advice.ii. 单项挑选；1. if i had enough time、 i it bette

21、r next time .a. will dob. have donec. didd. would do2. if my car more reliable、 i would have driven to lhasa instead of flying last summer. a.wasb.had beenc.should bed.would be3. how i wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden .a. hadb. have hadc. will haved. had had4. sorry 、 i am too

22、 busy now . if i time 、 i would certainly go for an outing with you .a. hadb. have hadc. had hadd. have5. i through that bitter period without your generous help .a. wouldn t have goneb. didn t goc. wouldn t god. hadn t gone6. - he will come tomorrow .- but i d rather he the day after tomorrow .a. w

23、ill comeb. is comingc. came d. had come7. what would have happened 、 as far as the river bank .a. bob had walked fartherb. if bob should walked fartherc. had bob walked fartherd. if bob walked farther8. the weather turned out to be fine yesterday . i the trouble to carry my umbrella with me .a. shou

24、ld have takenb. could have takenc. mustn t have takend . neednt have taken9. you much better now if you had taken the doctor s advice .a. would beb. would have beenc. will bed. should be10. myself to my study 、 i would be sitting in a comfortable table office now .a. if i devotedb. should i devotec.

25、 would i devoted. had i devoted11. it rain tomorrow 、 we would have to put off the visit to zhonshan bridge .a. wereb. shouldc. wouldd. will12. if he my advice 、 he wouldn t have lost his job .a. followedb. should followc. had followedd. would follow13. no air or water 、 there would be no life in th

26、e world .a. were thereb. there arec. there wasd. is there14. it s high time that your daughter to school .a. would be sentb. must be sentc. should be sentd. is sent精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品资料欢迎下载15. it is necessary that these exercise books as soon as possible .a. are handed inb. would be handed inc

27、. will be handed ind.be handed in16. mr.green requires that the students a composition every other week .a. writeb. writtenc. would writed. will write17. but for the help of my english teacher 、 ithe first prize in the english writing composition .a. would not winb. would not have wonc. would wind. would have won18. brown had intended to take a job in business 、 but that plan after the unpleasant experience in america in 2021.a. had abandonedb. has abandonedc. abandonedd. will abandon iii 依据汉语提示,用括号中的单词完成句子；1. 要