全新版大学英语综合教程3(第二版))_unit6_

1、The Human TouchGroup 4BackgroundThe Last LeafLearning1 12 23 3quotation There are two ways of spreading light: to be the There are two ways of spreading light: to be the candle or the mirror that reflects it.-Edithcandle or the mirror that reflects it.-Edith 传递光亮有两种方式：成为一支蜡烛或当一面镜子。-伊迪丝沃顿 We make a l

2、iving by what we get, but we make a We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.-Churchilllife by what we give.-Churchill 我们靠所得来谋生，但靠给予来创造生活。-丘吉尔 The true meaning of life is to plant The true meaning of life is to plant trees,undertrees,under whose shade you do not expect to

3、sit.-Nelson whose shade you do not expect to sit.-Nelson HendersonHenderson 人生的真谛就是植树而不想去坐享那树荫。-奈尔森亨德森1 12 23 31 12 2Born:Born: on September 11, 1862 in Greensboro, North Carolina Died:Died: on June 5, 1910Experiences:Experiences: worked as a bookkeeper, pharmacist, sheepherder, draftsman, journalis

4、t, and clerk; was in prison for three years.Works:Works: more than 270 short stories and a novel.1 12 23 32 23 3Cabbages and Kings The Four Million The Heart of the West The Cop and the Anthem The Gift of the MagiThe Last LeafThe Furnished Room1 12 23 3 All of O. Henrys stories were ingeniously All

5、of O. Henrys stories were ingeniously conceivedconceived( (构思巧妙构思巧妙) ), with the endings always , with the endings always contrary to readers expectations. Though contrary to readers expectations. Though his stories endings are always surprising, his stories endings are always surprising, yet not be

6、yond reason, for both ways conform yet not beyond reason, for both ways conform well to the logic of life. Actually, his well to the logic of life. Actually, his style had a great influence on modern style had a great influence on modern American fiction. Therefore, some critics American fiction. Th

7、erefore, some critics called him “the founder of American called him “the founder of American stories”. Being gifted with humor and a keen stories”. Being gifted with humor and a keen awareness of details, he objectively shows us awareness of details, he objectively shows us what America looks like.

8、 what America looks like. O.Henrys writing style O. Henry is most famous for making simple but effective use of paradoxical coincidences to produce ironic and surprise or twist endings, e.g. “The Last Leaf”, “The Cop and the Anthem”, and perhaps his most famous story “The Gift of the Magi”. “欧欧亨利式结尾

9、亨利式结尾”通常指的是在文章情节结尾时通常指的是在文章情节结尾时, ,突突然让人物的心理情境发生出乎意料的变化，或使主然让人物的心理情境发生出乎意料的变化，或使主人公命运陡然逆转，出现意想不到的结果，但又在人公命运陡然逆转，出现意想不到的结果，但又在情理之中，符合生活实际，具有独特的艺术魅力。情理之中，符合生活实际，具有独特的艺术魅力。这种结尾艺术，在欧这种结尾艺术，在欧亨利式作品中有充分的体现亨利式作品中有充分的体现。1 12 23 31 12 21 12 23 32 23 3The Last LeafAn artist who caught pneumoniaAn artist who c

10、aught pneumonia.JohnsysJohnsys best friend and roommate best friend and roommate.An old painter who lived An old painter who lived on the ground floor beneath them.on the ground floor beneath them.JohnsysJohnsys doctor. doctor.Q1:What was, at first, Johnsy determined to do if the last ivy leaf shoul

11、d fall? Q2:What did she decide to do when she saw the last leaf still cling to the vine after two nights rain and wind? Q3:How was it that the cold fierce wind did not blow away the last leaf? Q4:Why did Sue call the painted leaf Behrmans masterpiece? Q1: What was, at first, Johnsy determined to do

12、if the last ivy leaf should fall? She made up her mind to die when the last leaf fell. Q2: What did she decide to do when she saw the last leaf still cling to the vine after two nights rain and wind? She decided not to give up her life. Q3: How was it that the cold fierce wind did not blow away the

13、last leaf? Behrman, a kind neighbor, who was aware of Johnsys state of mind, risked death to paint the last leaf and save her. Q4: Why did Sue call the painted leaf Behrmans masterpiece? Because it was so perfect the girls both mistook it for the real thing. ScenesParagraphs CharactersEvents1Paraa 1

14、-2Sue, JohnsySues roommate Johnsy caught pneumonia2Paras 3-8The doctor, SueThe doctor told Sue that Johnsy needed a strong will to live on.3Paras 9-17Johnsy, SueJohnsy decided that she would die when the last ivy leaf fell.4Paras 18-21 Behrman, SueSue told Behrman about Johnsys fancy.ScenesParagraph

15、sCharactersEvents5Paras 22-33Sue, JohnsyAs Johnsy was encouraged by the last leaf that wouldnt give in to the weather, her will to live returned.6Paras 34-37The doctor, SueThe doctor told Sue that Johnsy would recover, but Behrman caught pneumonia himself and his case was hopeless7Paras 38-39Sue, Jo

16、hnsySue told Johnsy that Behrman had performed a kind deed without any thought of self JohnsyJohnsy and Sue are artists who move into and Sue are artists who move into Greenwich Village in New York City. Greenwich Village in New York City. As Winter approaches and the weather gets colder, As Winter

17、approaches and the weather gets colder, JohnsyJohnsy becomes ill with pneumonia. She gets so becomes ill with pneumonia. She gets so sick that she believes that when the last leaf falls sick that she believes that when the last leaf falls from the vine outside her window, she will die. from the vine

18、 outside her window, she will die. An old artist, named Behrman, who lives in the An old artist, named Behrman, who lives in the same building as the girls, braves a storm one night same building as the girls, braves a storm one night to paint a leaf on the wall a leaf that will never to paint a lea

19、f on the wall a leaf that will never fall. Cold and wet from painting in the icy rain, he fall. Cold and wet from painting in the icy rain, he catches pneumonia and dies. catches pneumonia and dies. This gives This gives JohnsyJohnsy the hope to survive her illness, the hope to survive her illness,

20、and it also creates the masterpiece Behrman had and it also creates the masterpiece Behrman had always dreamed of painting.always dreamed of painting. 1. joint adj.共同的；连接的； 【构词】joint=join(加入)+t (n) 【例句】 The house is our joint property. 这房子是我们的共同财产。 These foreigners have put forward a proposal for a

21、joint venture. 这些外国人提出了一个合资企业的建议。 【常见搭配】joint efforts 共同努力 joint ownership 共同所有 take joint action 采取联合行动 2. victim n. 牺牲品，受害的人 (或动物) 【例句】Many pets are victims of overfeeding. 有许多宠物因喂食过量而遭殃。 The silent boy is a victim of the divorced family. 【常见搭配】fall (a) victim to: become the victim of 成为的受害者 He so

22、on fell victim to her charms. The company has fallen victim to increased competition. 3. fierce adj. 凶猛的; 愤怒的 【例句】I was really scared by his fierce look. 我被他凶狠的表情吓坏了。 【常见搭配】fierce effort 拼命努力 他拼命用功以赶上同学。 He made a fierce effort to catch up with his classmates. 【派生】 fiercely adv.（副词） fierceness n.（名词

23、） 4. fancy n. 幻想, 幻觉；爱好 【例句】 I always have the fancy that he will come back. 我常常幻想他会回来。 Ive suddenly taken a fancy to detective stories. 我突然喜欢上了侦探小说. He took a fancy to the girl next door. 他迷上了邻家的女孩。 【常见搭配】after sbs fancy 中某人意 catch the fancy of sb. 吸引某人 5. stream n.河；流 vi.& vt. 流 【例句】 The strea

24、m is shallow. 那条小溪水很浅。 My eyes were streaming with tears. 我的眼中流下了泪水。 【辨析】current stream Current 可指空气，水，电等的流，强调流动的方向或路线以及力量和速度。 Stream主要指“溪流”，强调源源不断流动的概念 【派生】streamy adj. 多河川的；流水般的 【近形】scream vi. 尖叫 n. 尖叫声 6. subtract vt.减，减去，去掉 【例句】subtract 8 from 10, and you have 2. 10减8得2 。 That subtracts nothing

25、from his merit. 那丝毫没有减损他的功绩。 【常见搭配】 sth. (from sth.) 减去 【派生】subtractive adj. (可)减少的， 负的 subtraction n. 减(法) 【近形】abstract adj.抽象的 n. 摘要 7. bare adj.赤裸的；仅仅的 【例句】 He just walked in bare feet on the rugged path.他赤脚走在崎岖的小路上。 Tom earn a bare subsistence wage. 汤姆挣得工资勉强糊口。 8. sin n.罪，罪孽 vi.犯罪 【例句】 Its a sin

26、 to waste food. 浪费粮食是一种罪过。 【辨析】crime ; sin crime: 触犯法律的罪行 sin: 冒犯上帝或宗教的罪恶、罪孽 【派生】sinful adj. 罪孽深重的，有罪的,有过失的 sinless adj. 无罪的; 无辜的9. acute adj.尖的，锐的；敏锐的；严重的【例句】 城里严重缺水。 Theres an acute shortage of water in the city . A painter must be an acute observer. 画家必须敏于观察。He has very acute hearing. (an acute s

27、ense of smell)【常见搭配】acute disease 急性发作的病acute angle 锐角【辨析】keen, acute, sharp, shrewd这些形容词均有“锐利的、敏锐的、机敏的”之意。keen 多指对复杂艰深的事物或问题有敏锐的观察和敏捷的理解。acute侧重感觉敏锐，能分辨出一般人难以觉察的细微区别。sharp指人头脑精明、敏锐或机警。shrewd指有头脑，善于判断分析，精明过人 10. scarcely adv.仅仅；几乎不 【例句】There were scarcely a hundred people present. 出席的不足一百人。 To my su

28、rprise, the guide turned out to know scarcely a word of English. 让我吃惊的是，那个向导几乎一点英语都不懂。 【常见搭配】scarcely any 几乎没有 She had scarcely any breath to tell us anything. 她几乎没有力气跟我们说话。 【辨析】hardly, scarcely, barely 这些副词均含“几乎不”之意。 hardly指接近最低限度，差不多没有多余，强调困难和程度。 scarcely指不太充分，不太够，不足，不能令人满意，强调数量。 barely指仅仅够，一点不多，强

29、调没有多余。 He has barely enough money to live on. 他的钱仅够勉强维持生计。各处一成的可能性 画板 吹着轻快的口哨 倒着数几乎以耳语般的声音 十有八九 厌烦 here and there one chance in ten drawing board whistle a merry tune count backward in almost a whisper ten to one be tired of撇开一切 看上去很像 无节制地喝 至于其他大肆嘲笑 凝视着 turn loose ones hold on everything look the pa

30、rt drink to excess for the rest mock terribly at peer at/stare at显眼，突出 流逝紧紧抱住脱离危险 湿透没这回事 stand out wear away cling to be out of danger be wet through nothing of the kind Bare cling to fancy here and there in tune look the part masterpiece persistent to excess stand out 我们到处都能看到“抢眼”的青年艺术家。他们要么一年四季穿着破旧的牛在裤；要么大冬天也打赤脚；要么饮酒过度；要么就是抱着创作一部杰作的幻想，实际上并不作任何创作的事。其实，他们中的很多人只不过是为了看上去像名艺术家，或为了同其他艺术家“保持一致”才这么做的。他们忘了，只有通过不懈的努力才能获得成功。 Here and t