2022年初中英语八年级下册Unit2知识点语法精讲精练

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载unit 2 ： bodylanguage重点短语：1:part-time job兼职工作 2:travel agency旅行社 3:be at work 在工作4:look up 抬头看；查阅5:glance at 扫一眼6:stare at 盯着看7:walk over to 走到 8:prefer宁to愿而不愿9:body language 肢体语言10:get a chance to do sth. 得到机会做某事11:make a good impression on 留下好的印象12:hold up 抬头；耽搁13:decide to do sth

2、.打算做某事14:smile at sb.对某人微笑15:at once=right away立刻,立刻16:remind sb about/of sth 提示某人某事17. think it over.考虑 18:agree with sb 同意某人的看法19:work as+ 职业：做什么职业20:one another 相互（三者以上）21:during the summer holidays 22:instead of 代替,而不为23:look down 往下看,藐视24. be angery with sb.【留意区分】1） what does she look like.用来询问

3、一个人的外貌长相为怎么样的,表达外貌时,描述特点时用主系表结构,人体部分描述的谓语用 have/has 连句子；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载如-what does jim look like. 吉姆长得怎么样？-he is very thin and tall.he has short hair.拓展 -what is lucy like.露西性格怎么样？（ what slike人.怎么样）-she's very friendly.她很友好；2） that lady told him how to send it in the fastest and cheapest

4、 way. tell sb to do sth 告知某人去做某事；与tell用法相像的词有： want /ask/advise/allow+sb. +to do sth.send 为动词,送给；send sb sth=send sth to sb送给某人某物；3） i'm looking forward to going to sandy's birthday party.looking forward to doing sth表示 “期望做某事 ” to为介词 ；eg: i m looking forward to meeting you.考点必记1:look up ： “抬

5、头,查询 ”；类似单元：look like 看起来像look after 照看,照料look for 查找 1ook over 检查身体look out 当心,当心look out of 向外看 1ook forward to doing希望,希望look at 看2:enter=come/go into 进入【特殊留意：enter 为及物动词,后面不加介词】3:whats up.=whats wrong.=whats the matt怎er么. 了；出毛病了4.decide to do sth=make a decision to do sth=decide on doing sth=mak

6、e up one s mind to do s决th定做eg: i decide to improve my english.5:she came to remind me that tomorrow is her birthday and she wanted toremind 作动词为 “使想起 ”,常用搭配有：1) remind sb to do sth 提示某人做某事： please remind me to wake her up.2) remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事：the old photos remind me of those painful days.6.

7、 excited 感到兴奋的,多指人对事物的感受,主语一般为人；exciting令人兴奋的,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物；7. happy 高兴的 、 unhappy 不高兴的 、 happily adv. 、 happiness n.不行数名词8. be surprised to do sth. 惊讶地做某事,be surprised at sth. 对某事感到诧异精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载be surprised+ that从句 ;to ones s surp令ris某e 人诧异的为;in surprise 诧异地；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载9.

8、 take place发“生,举办 ”；没有被动语态；指事先支配好地.有方案地发生；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载happen “发生 ”；指事情的发生往往带有“偶然性 ”或“未能预见的 ”；10. show sb sth=show sth to sb 给某人看某物on show 在展出show sb around 带领某人参观for show 为了炫耀show off炫耀show up 显露11. look down俯视look up仰视look down on/upon sb轻视,看不起12. person 可数名词, “人”；personal 形容词 “个人的,私人的”；

9、personality 名词, “人品,人格 ”；people 作“人”讲时,为集合名词,表复数概念；作“民族 ”时,为可数名词单数；a people 一个民族,peoples 多个民族；13. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好；be friendly with sb.与某人很友好；14. communicate with sb. 和某人沟通； communicate sth to sb传达某事给某人；15. too、also、either 都有 “也 ”的意思, too 只能用于确定句,一般用于句末；如作为插入语放在句中,其前后都有逗号； also 常用于句中,用于确定句；e

10、ither 用于否定句中,放在句末；16. make sb do sth 使某人做某事th moving story made us cry.be made to do sth 被迫去做某事i was made to stay at home yesterday. make sth to do sth 制作某物去做某事they made a fire to keep warm.make it +adj.+to do sth使做某事the internet makes it easy ot look up information.make sb./sth.+adj.使某人 /某物our teac

11、her tries to make us interested in learning english. our teacher tries to make her class interesting.17. try doing sth尝试去做try to do sth尽力去做18. leave 剩下 ;遗忘某物在某地;离开； leave for go to 前往某地19.wear/dress/put on/in 的区分1） put on,着重于 “穿”这一动作,即由没穿到穿这一动作的完成,意为“穿上.戴上 ”后接衣服.鞋帽等；i want you to put on this coat an

12、d this hat.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2） wear“穿着；戴着 ”,表示状态,宾语可以为衣帽,也可以为饰物.奖章等；he seldom wears a watch. 他很少戴表；3） dress 可表示动作,常用人作宾语,不接“衣”作宾语,意为 “给穿衣服 ”；在表示 “自己穿衣 ”时可说get dressed（ = dress oneself）；当 dress 表示状态时,一般要用be dressed in形式； dress up 强调着意装扮,意为“穿上盛装.乔装装扮”；例如：my son is now able to dress himself.我儿子现在

13、自己会穿衣服了；it s time to wake up angdet dressed. 该起床穿衣服了；she is dressed in a fur coat. 她穿着毛皮外套；she always dresses well. 她总为装扮得很美丽.4） in 为介词,表示“穿着.戴着 ”之意,后接表示衣服或颜色的词,着重于服装的款式或颜色；它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语；he was in a new black coat.他穿着黑色的新外套；the girl in red is my sister.那个穿红衣服的女孩为我妹妹；20. keep+adj.保持； keep sb./sth.

14、doing sth. 使（某人.某物）始终做某事 keep on doing 反复做某事；keep.form doing sth.阻挡做某事 21.other、the other、others、 the others、another 的区分1) the other 指两者中的另一个,系特指,常与one 连用；2) another 指三个以上的人或物中除去以知部分后“余下部分中的某一个”,非特指；3) others 所指的为三个以上的人或物中除去以知部分后“余下部分中的某一些”,非特指；4) the others 指三个以上的人或物中除去以知部分以后“余下部分中的全部”,系特指；22. end

15、with以终止start with以开头at the end of 在结尾.终点；in the end 最终；by the end of到末为止23. happen to sb 某人发生 what happened to you.happen to do sth 碰巧做某事i happened to see my friend in the shop.it happens that+ 从句“碰巧”it happened that i had no money yesterday.【考点精讲】1:you look very happy.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载look 在句

16、中为系动词,意为“看起来”,后跟形容词作表语：类似用法的形容词仍有：sound 听起来；smell 闻起来；feel 摸起来；taste 尝起来例如： the flowers smell sweet.that sounds interesting.it feels cold.2: 交通工具前冠词的用法：1) by ship/sea/water; by plane/air; by like; by bus;by train; by underground2但下面短语需要加冠词：take a bus 坐公车 、in a boa t 在船里 、 on the bike.3:地点前面的冠词用法：原文：

17、 he will leave school next year.【特殊留意】go to school上学go to the school到这所学校（办事） be in hospital 住院be in the hospital 在这家医院里4:三餐前冠词的用法：1） 一日三餐前面不加冠词：have breakfast/lunch/supperdinner2） 当三餐前有形容词修饰时,要加不定冠词a/an:she always has a wonderful supper.3）特指某顿饭时,要加定冠词the： the breakfast here costs $ 10.5:关于“花费”单词的区分

18、：主语过去式常用结构cost物coststh costs sb money.take物tookit takes sb some time to do sth.spend人spentsb spends money/time on sth/doing sthpay人paidsb pays money for sththe coat cost me 50 yuan.=i spent 50 yuan on the coat=i spent 50 yuan buying the coat.=i paid 50 yuan for the coat.it takes me half an hour to g

19、o to school every day.6: 如何描写一个人：问年龄 ： how old is he.问长相 ： what does he look like.问穿着 ： what does he wear.问地址 ： where does he live.问职业 ： what does he do.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载【考点精练】1:is this photo of your daughter. she looks in the pink dress. a: lovelyb:quietlyc:politelyd:happily2: action movies m

20、e of jackie chana:remindb:thinkc:heard:miss 3:-lin tao 、 why are you so .-because wang meng got three gold medals at the winter olymics. a: excitedb:angryc:disappointed4:-lily is coming by plane tomorrow.-let s go to airport to meet her.a: a; ab:/; ac:the; thed:/; the 5:theres 800-metre long road be

21、hind hospital.a: an; anb; a; ac:an; thed:a; the 6:they often take walk after dinnera: ab:/c; thed; an 7:how much does the ticket from shanghai to beijing.a: costb:tookc:spendd:pay 8:-what do you think of your english teacher.-i love her. she is really 、 she always has a smile on her face.a: outgoing

22、b:funnyc:friendlyd:serious 9:- does clark look like.-he is tall and has brown hair.a: whatb: howc:who 10:we are all looking forward to more than hk 6、500 for the oxfam.a; raiseb: raisingc:be raisedd:beingraised 11:taking buses in beijing is than taking a taxi.a; more cheapb:much cheaperc: a little c

23、heapd; less cheaper 12:tian anmen square is one of squares in the world.a; largeb:largerc:largestd; the largest 13:-did you have a wonderful time at the party.-yes、 it s one ive ever been to before.a; a more excitedb; a more excitingc; the most excitedd:the most exciting精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载14:cer

24、tainly he apologized. 、i wouldnt forgive him.a: butb:soc:howeverd:and 15:-what is your mother going to do this saturday.-i m not sure. she go to see my grandmother.a:canb; mustc:mayunit 2 body languagelesson 1短词归纳body language肢体语言go forward向前走shake hands握手hi、 there你好wave at向挥手point at指向look like看起来像

25、go over复习；过去重点难点全讲1 shake hands 握手shake hands with sb.= shake sb. by the hand = shake one s hande.g.in china、 when people meet together、 they like shaking hands.在中国,当人们见面时, 他们喜爱握手；2 wave(1) n. 可数名词：波,波浪,挥手e.g. the waves were beating on the shore. 浪涛拍岸； she gave a wave as she left the house. 她离开家的时候挥

26、手辞别；(2) v. 摇,挥动,挥手辞别wave at/ to sb. 向某人挥手e.g. martin waved us goodbye.马丁向我们挥手辞别； she waved at him.她向他挥手；3 point(1) n. 可数名词：尖,尖端,特殊,分数,意义,目的精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载e.g.do you have a pencil with a sharper point.你有更尖一点的铅笔吗？(2) v. 指,指向, point at 在近距离的情形下使用,除去明确的位置外,通常有不礼貌的含义；point to /toward 指由于距离比较远而指出方

27、向,明确位置；point out指出要点或错误e.g. he pointed at the book he wanted.他指着他想要的那本书； he pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said: “ that s my home”. 他指着河对面的房子说：“那为我的家； ” the teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework.老师指出我作业里的很多错误；4 forward adv.向前e.g.we go on walking forward.我们连续向前走；5

28、just adv. 正好,恰巧,仅仅只为,刚才e.g. that is just what i want to know.那正为我想知道的； he is just a child.他只为个孩子； he is just out of hospital.他刚刚出院；just now刚才e.g.he left his room just now.刚才他离开了他的房间；单词释义1 wave v. of a person move one s hand to and fro or up and down、 in order to attracatttsebntion s挥手,招手2 point v. d

29、irect people s attention abtysbe.x/testnhd.ing one s finger towards him/it、 or by using any similar sign or indicator、 show the position or direction of sb./ sht.指向,指出3 forward adv. towards the front or end、 into a prominent position向前4 just adv. exactly正好词语辩析1 point at / point to / point out的区分poin

30、t at习惯上指向离说话人较近的事情,意为“指着”, at 为介词着重指的对象；point to 多用于表示指向离说话人较远的事物,意为“指向”, to 也为介词,着重于指的方向；point out 表示的为给某人指示方向,要点或错误意为“指出”,out 为副词；e.g. don t point at the words while you are reading. 读书时不要用手指着字； he pointed to a tower on the distant horizon.他指向远处地平线上的一座塔；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载 if have made a mista

31、ke、 please point it out for me.假如我犯了错误,请为我指出来；2 stop doing sth./ stop to do sth.的区分stop doing sth.停止做某事（停止正在做的事情）； stop to do sth. 停下来做某事（停下正在做的事情,然后去做另一件事； ）e.g. please stop talking. 请停止讲话； youd better stop to have a rest. 你最好停下来休息一会儿；疑难解析1 stop. don t go forward停. ,不要向前走了；（ 1） go forward向前走（ 2） st

32、op. n. 可数名词：停车站e.g.they are waiting at the bus stop.他们正在公共汽车站等着；v. 停止,阻挡,stop doing sth. 停止做某事；stop to do sht. 停下来去做某事；stop sb./ sth. from doing sth.阻挡做e.g. you must stop singing this song. it你s必to须o停no止is唱y.这首歌,太吵了； he stopped to listen to her talking.他停下来听她讲话； the heavy snow stopped themfrom comin

33、g to the party.那场大雪阻挡他们前来参与聚会；2 hi、 there嗨,你瞧there interj用以表示成功.懊丧.勉励等e.g.there. what did i tell you.瞧！我想我说什么了？3 he looks just like andy lan.他看起来就像安迪·刘；look just like看起来就像e.g.the cat looks just like his daughter.这只猫看起来就像他的女儿一样；4 he s shaking his head.他正在摇头；shake： shake shakes shaking shookshake

34、n.(1) v. 动摇,摇动,震惊,抖动e.g.shake the bottle before taking the medicine.服药之前把瓶子摇一摇；(2) 握（手）e.g.he is shaking hands with his friends.他正在和他的伴侣们握手；5 how do you say “ look ” using body language. 你如何用肢体语言说“看”？say v. 意为“说”,后接说话的内容常与“speak、 tell、 talk ”等词进行比较,speak 后接语言,表示说话,讲某种语言；tell 指“告知,表达,表达”等,常用短语有tell s

35、b. sth. 或 tell sth. to sb.; talk 为交谈,不及物精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载动词, talk to / with sb.“与交谈” ,后接与之交谈的对象,talk about sth. “谈论” ,后接谈论的内容；e.g. please say hello to him.请向他问好； i can speak a little english.我能说一点英语； my grandma often tells stories to me.我的奶奶常常给我讲故事； what are they talking about.他们正在谈论什么？ the te

36、acher likes talking with her students.这个老师喜爱和她的同学交谈；lesson 2短词归纳make mistakes with sth. 在某方面出错show sb. sth.向某人展现某物 can t help doing sth.情不自禁地做某事 need to do sth.需要做某事have to do sth.不得不做某事be rude很粗鲁go away离开stop doing sth.停止做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事 do sth. by oneself由某人自己做 sth. very common很平常的事 be diff

37、erent不同for example例如重点难点全讲1 rude adj. 粗鲁的,无理的；rudeness n. 粗鲁；反义词polite adj.有礼貌的e.g. it is rude to make noise in public.在公共场所制造噪音为很粗鲁的； what a rude reply.多么粗鲁的回答啊！2 mistake(1) n. 错误,可数名词,make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误； by mistake 错误的e.g. be careful、 don t make mistakes in your exam.认真些,考试中不要犯错误； my tw

38、in sister put on my coat by mistake.我的双胞胎妹妹错穿了我的外套；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载(2) v. 弄错,误会mistake sth.for sth.错把当作e.g.they mistook him for his brother.他们错把他当作他的哥哥；3 common adj.常见的,一般的；反义词uncommon、 special common knowledge常识, in common共同的,共有的, a common mistake一个常见错误e.g.this kind of fruit is common in nor

39、th china.这种水果在中国北方很常见；4 everywhere adv. 处处,处处e.g.i ve looked everywhere.我各处都看过了；有时可用everywhere 与 here and there 进行同义句转换e.g. we can see beautiful flowers everywhere=we can see beautiful flowers here and there.我们在各处都能看到美丽的花；5 mean v. 意指,意味着；n. meaning 意思what does sth. mean. = what s the meaning of sth

40、. = what do you mean by sth. .某物为什么意思？6 strange adj. 古怪的,神奇的,生疏的,不熟识的e.g. she was startled by a strange voice. 她被一个古怪的声音吓了一跳； the place is strange to me. 这个地方我不熟识；词语辨析1 surprise / surprising / surprised 的区分surprise n. 与不同介词构成介词短语,in surprise“诧异的,惊讶的” , to one's surprise“使某人诧异的 为”,两个短语都为介词短语作状语；v

41、.使（人） 感到诧异, 后面可以直接加宾语；surprising adj.令人诧异的,作定语后接名词,也可以作表语,指物；surprised 多作表语,后面可接不定式和从句,指人；e.g. tom looked at me in surprise.汤姆诧异地望着我； he gave me some surprising news. 他给我带来一些令人诧异的消息； his progress surprised me. 他的进步使我感到诧异； i was surprised to see him there. 我万万没想到会在那见到他；2 can t help doing sth. / can t

42、的he区lp别do sth.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载can t help doing sth意.为“情不自禁做某事”；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载can t help do st意h.为“不能帮忙做某事”e.g. when he saw his friend、 he couldnhelp cryint g.精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载当他看到他的伴侣,他忍不住大哭起来； tom is too busy、 he cant help mend the bike.汤姆太忙了,他不能帮忙修理自行车；疑难解析1 i want to show yo

43、u my new backpack.我想给你看看我的新背包；show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.给某人看某物e.g.please show me your book. = please show your book to me.请给我看看你的书；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载2 go away. don t look at your birthday surprise走.开！不要看你的生日惊喜；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载（ 1） go away 走开 、 go away from从离开（走开）e.g.he went away fr

44、om his friend.他从他的伴侣身边走开；（ 2）surprise n. 不行数名词, 诧异, 诧异, to one s surpri使se感到诧异的为,do sth. in surprise诧异地做某事e.g. to my surprise、 the plan succeed. 令我诧异的为,方案竞争成功了； he is looking at his father in surprise.他正诧异地看着他的父亲；v. 使惊讶,使感到诧异e.g.the news surprised us all.这消息使我们大家都吃了一惊；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载3 i can

45、t help breathing、 my body does it by itself我.情不自禁地呼吸,我的身体本身就会呼吸；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载（ 1）can t help doin“g 忍不住做” ,“ help”情愿为“帮忙” ,我们常用help sb.to do 来表示帮忙某人做某事,在这里“help”后接动名词doing 形式,意思也发生转变；（ 2） by oneself = alone = on one单独s,o独wn自e.g. we can finish the work by ourselves. = we can finish the work

46、alone. = we can finish the work on ourown.我们能自己完成这项工作；4 everywhere means every place.处处意思为说每个地方；mean v. 有时可以和它的名词meaning 所构成的句子进行同义句转换e.g. the sign means“no smoking ” .= the meaning of the sign is “ no smoking ” .这个标志的意思为“禁止吸烟”；5she is a great student. for example、 she always does her homework. 她为一个

47、好同学； 例如,她总为写作业；for example“例如”,一般指以同类事物或人中的一个为例作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首.句中或句尾； such as 也作“例如”讲,用来列举同类事物或人中的几个例子；e.g. i have many hobbies. for example、 i like swimming very much.我有很多爱好；例如,我特别喜爱游泳；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载 boys such as john and james are very friendly.像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好；6 do you need to use body

48、language here. 在这里你需要使用肢体语言吗？need v. 需要,有必要,need to do sth. 需要做某事（表示主动）精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载e.g.i don t think you need to worry about this我.认为你不必担忧这件事；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载7 i will say something very common.我将说一些常见的事情；something为不定代词, common 为形容词,当形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词的后面,常见的不定代词有someone、 somebody、 s

49、omething、 anybody、 anything、 nobody、 nothing 等等,另外不定代词作主语时,谓语动词为单数；e.g. i have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事告知你； there isn t anything interesting in the boo在k.这本书里没有好玩的东西； i would like something to eat.我想要一些吃的东西； do you have anything else to tell me.你仍有一些别的事情要告知我吗？lesson 3短词归纳can t help d

50、oing sth.情不自禁做某事correct answers正确的答案dance to music随音乐跳舞stop doing sth.停止做某事no place没地方fall down倒下point to指出in fact事实上重点难点全讲1 go away走开,离开my brother went away on holiday yesterday.我哥哥昨天度假去了； he always goes away with a umbrella.他总为带着雨伞离开； 2 surprisen.诧异,诧异,惊人之事surprise 用作名词时,其含义为“使人一愣”；这种惊讶可能包含着兴奋也可能包

51、含可怕或担忧；*1 ）通常用作抽象名词,不行数；意为“诧异；诧异”；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载her face showed surprise at the news.听到这个消息她脸上露出了诧异之情；*2 ）也可以详细化而变为可数名词；意为“诧异,诧异；意外的事；惊讶的事”；he gave me a surprise by arriving early.他的早到使我大吃一惊；3 i can t help breathin我g. 忍不住呼吸（我不得不呼吸）；can t help doing sth.忍不住做某事* 留意can t hel后p 要接动名词doing 形式；wh

52、en he heard the news、 he couldn t help crying.当他听到这个消息时,禁不住哭了起来；have a lot of doubt、 he can not help asking them question.have to / must 的区分have to 意思为“不得不” ,为客观上的要求,有人称.时态和数的变化；must 意思为“必需,肯定” ,为主观的一种需要,没有人称.时态和数的变化；e.g. we had to walk home that day.那天我们不得不走着回家； you must go and see that new movie、 you ll really enjoy in.你肯定要去看那部新电影,你肯定会喜爱它的；疑难解析1 i like to dance to music.我喜爱随着音乐跳舞dance v. 跳舞, n. 舞蹈,舞会e.g. i danced with her all night.我整晚都跟她共舞； we went to a dance last night.我们昨天去参与舞会；2 i enjoy using it.我特别喜爱使用它；enjoy v.观赏,享受,喜爱,enjoy doing sth. = like doing st