2022年外研社版初三英语被动语态全攻略2

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载外研社版初三英语被动语态被动语态英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态； 主动语态表示主语为谓语动作的执行者；如：people grow rice in the south of china.中国南部的人们种植水稻；被动语态表示主语为谓语动词的动作曾受者；如： this bridge was built last year.这座桥为去年修建的；一.被动语态一被动语态的构成被动语态为由“be+动词的过去分词”构成的；助动词be 随着主语的人称.数.时态和语气的不同而变化；如：he was heard to sing in his room.有人听到他在他的房间里唱

2、歌；football is enjoyed by people all over the world.全世界的人们都宠爱足球；（二） 1.一般现在时主动语态为do/does被动语态为am/is/are+done如：we clean the classroom.the classroom is cleaned by us.2.一般过去时 主动语态为did被动语态为was/were +done如：he made the kite.the kite was made by him.3.一般将来时主动语态为will/shall/be going to +do精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下

3、载被动语态为will/shall/be going to+be +done如：they will plant trees tomorrow.trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 4.现在进行时主动语态为am/is/are+dong被动语态为am/is/are+being +done如：she is watering flowers.flowers are being watered by her.5.过去进行时主动语态为was/were+done被动语态为was/were+being+done如：she was writing a letter thi

4、s time yesterday.a letter was being written by her this time yesterday.6.现在完成时主动语态为have/has+done被动语态为have/has+been+done如：jim has finished the work.the work has been finished by jim. 7.过去完成时主动语态为had done被动语态为had +been+done如：jim had finished the work before he went to school.the work had been finished

5、 by jim before he went to school. 8.过去将来时主动语态为would/should/be going to+do被动语态为would/should/be going to +be+done精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载如：he said he would make a kite.he said a kite would be made by him.9.含情态动词主动语态can/may/must+do被动语态can/may/must+be+done如：he can finish the work today.the work can be fi

6、nished by him today.（三）被动语态的用法在被动语态中,主语为动作的承担者,主要用于以下几种情形：1.不知道动作的执行者为谁；this watch is made in china.2.没有必要指出动作的执行者为谁；more trees must be planted every year.3.需要强调或突出动作的承担者时；chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.4.句子的主语为动作的承担者；many houses were washed away by the flood.二.主动语态和被动语态的转换（一

7、）主动语态变为被动语态1. 要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分,如主动句中的宾语为人称代词,要将宾格变成主格；2. 把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语,主格变为宾格,并由by 引导；3. 谓语动词变成相应的被动形式；we asked him to sing an english song.he was asked to sing an english song by us.二带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态谓语动词带双宾语时,既可以将间接宾语转化成主语,也可以将直接宾语转化成主语；如将间接宾语转化成主语,就保留直接宾语；如将直接宾语转化成主语就保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介

8、词 to 或 for ；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载she gave me a book.i was given a book.a book was given to me.三短语动词变为被动语态很多由不及物动词和介词.副词构成的短语动词,相当于及物动词,可以有宾语,也可以有被动语态；但为短语动词为一个不行分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不行丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词；we should speak to old men politely. old men should be spoken to politely. 四带复合宾语的动词变为被动语态宾语加上宾语补足语一起构成复合

9、宾语；变被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动句的主语,宾语补足语保留在原处,成为主语补足语；i heard jane playing the piano in her room. jane was heard playing the piano in her room.五被动语态后动词形式的挑选主动句中在感官动词see、 hear、 watc、 feel、 notice 等以及使役动词let、 make、 have 等后跟省略 to 的不定式,变为被动句时,应加上不定式符号to ；he makes the girl stay at home.the girl is made to stay at ho

10、me by him.last sunday we heard them sing peking opera in the theatre. they were heard to sing peking opera in the theatre last sunday.三.被动语态三大留意问题（一）主动结构表被动意义1. open、 losk、 write、 read、 sell、 clean、 wash、 cut、 drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可用主动语态表被动意义；this kind of pen writes very smoothly. this kind of shi

11、rt sell well here.2. look、 sound、 taste、 smell 等系动词用主动结构表被动意义；uniform look ugly on us. mooncakes taste delicious.3. 在 be worth doing 中, doing 表被动意义；精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载this book is worth reading.4. want/need/ require+doing相当于 want/need/require+to be done. to be done表示不定式的被动结构；my bike needs repair

12、ing.=my bike needs to be repaired. 二不用被动语态的情形1.主动句的宾语为each other 或反身代词时,不能用于被动语态；the man introduced himself as mr white. they help each other study english.2.当主动句的谓语动词为表状态的及物动词时,不能用于被动语态；my brother enjoys watching tv. he asked to have a try.三被动语态和系表结构的区分1.被动语态表示以主语为动作的承担者,而系表结构就表示主语的特点或所处的状态；the shop is closed at 9:00 o（动作cl）ock.the shop is close