2022年初中英语语法列表---名词的数

1、精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载中学英语语法列表名词的数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式；这和汉语不同,比如,在汉语中,我们说一个苹果,那就为一个苹果,没什么特殊变化；你要说三个苹果,只需把“一”换成“三”就可以了；而在英语中,一个苹果为one apple,三个苹果为three apples,不仅数量词变化了,名词也有相应的变化；下面我们就将名词变复数的规章分为规章变化和不规章变化；第一部分：规章变化情形构成法读音例词一般情形 （包括以尾的名词）e 结 加-s-s 在清辅音后读 sptkfcups、 cats、 cakes、 roofs、 flags、 keys、 faces在浊辅音和元音后读z

2、在辅音 szd. 后读 iz口诀：清清浊浊元浊以 s、 x、 ch、 sh 结尾加-es在sz.t.后读 izclasses、 boxes、 watches、以辅音 +y 结尾变 y 为i ,加 es读zbrushescities、 countries、 studies以元音 +y 结尾加-s读zboys、 rays、 days有人仍把以下两个加入了名词有规章变复数的行列:情形构成法读音例词以 o 结尾加-es读zheroes、tomatoes、 potatoes、 negroes加-s读zbamboos、radios、 zoos、photos、 pianos以 f、 fe 结尾变 f、 fe

3、 为 v,再加 -es读vzleaf-leaves life-lives wife-wives thief-thieves half-halves knife-knives wolf-wolves self-selves loaf-loaves加-s读sroofs、proofs、chiefs、beliefs、 gulfs其次部分：不规章变化专心爱心专心精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载我们常常会看到有些名词变复数时并没有遵循上述规章；这就为名词的不规章变化；仍有一些名词,单复数为同一个形式的；不过,我们仍为可以通过一些比较,发觉其中的一些奥妙；以下我将为大家讲讲名词的不规章变化；一

4、.有些名词中储存了英语中古旧的复数形式,如：man-menwoman-womentooth-teethfoot-feetchild-childrengoose-geesemouse-miceox-oxen二.有些为外来词,仍保有原先的复数形式,如：phenomenon-phenomena（现象） formula-formulae （ 公 式 ） thesis-theses（论文）basis-bases（ 基 础 ） analysis-analyses （ 分 析 ） criterion-criteria （ 标 准 ） crisis-crises （ 危 机 ） appendix-append

5、ices （附录）三.部分单词的复数形式不变；例： fish fish; sheep sheep; cattle cattle; deer deer; salmon salmon、 means means四. compound nouns,这类复数词为以主要的名词来表示例： daughter-in-law daughters-in-law媳妇 ; father-in-law fathers-in-law 岳父man-of-war men-of-war 兵舰 ; maid-servant maid-servants step-son step-sons 晚子 ; son-in-law sons-

6、in-law.但为,也有些合成名词,特殊为由man 和 woman 构成的合成名词,里面所含的成分,全都专心爱心专心精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载要变为复数,如：man-servant men-servants, woman doctor women doctors 等五.有些名词常常为带着-s 词尾的,但通常都作单数看待,如：phonetics（语音学）,physics（物理学）, optics（光学）,politics （政治）, news（新闻）等；六.另一些名词就以复数词显现的机会较多例： bellows 风箱 ; clothes; police;shorts 短裤 ;

7、 scissors 剪刀 ; spectacles 眼镜 ; shears大剪刀,trousers 长裤, wages 工资, belongings 全部物,surroundings 环境, savings 储蓄, findings调查结果, arms 武器, clothes 衣服, stairs 楼梯,等七.另外仍有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特殊意思,例： goods 货物, waters 水域, fishes（各种）鱼, papers 文件,证件, greens 青菜, manners礼貌, ruins 废墟, troops 军队, looks 外貌, times 时代,等第三部分：不

8、行数名词的计量方法（ 1）一般用“数字+of+ 计量单位 +名词”表示, （留意：当数字大于一时,表示计量单位的名词可以有复数形式） ；如：a piece of news一就新闻a piece of meat一块肉a glass of wine一杯酒two bowls of rice两碗米a sum of money 一 笔钱fivebags of flour一袋面粉a drop of water 一 滴水three bottles of milk三瓶牛奶two pieces of advice两条建议（ 2）用 much/some/ a little/ little/ a lot of/ p

9、lenty of+不行数名词练习题：1.all the people at the conference are .a. mathematic teachersc. mathematics teacherb. mathematics teachersd. mathematic s teachersc2.all the in the hospital got a rise last month.a. women doctorsc. woman doctorsb. women doctord. woman doctora3.-are there any on the farm.专心爱心专心精品学习

10、资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载-yes、 there are some.a. horseb. duckc. chickend. sheepd4.- they are thirsty. will you please give them .- certainly.a. some bottles of watersb. some bottles of waterc. some bottle of waterd. some bottle of watersb5.mike hurt one of his in the accident yesterday.a. toothb. feetc. h

11、andd. earb6.there is some on the plate.a. cakesb. meatc. potatod. pearsb7.the little baby has two already.a. toothb. toothsc. teethd. teethsc8.we need some more . can you go and get some、 please.a. potato b. potatos c. potatoes d. potatoec9.please remember to give the horse some tree .a. leafs b. le

12、aves c. leaf d. leaveb10. he gave us on how to keep fit.a. some advices b. some advice c. an advice d. a adviceb11.please pass me .a. two glass of waterb. two glasses of watersc. two glasses of waterd. two glass waterc12. there are a lot of down there but hardly any .专心爱心专心精品学习资料精选学习资料 - - - 欢迎下载a.

13、sheeps、 peopleb.sheep、 peoplec. sheeps、 peoplesd. sheep、 peoplesb13. this table is made of .a. many glassb. glassesc. some glassesd. glassd14. can get a better view of the game than the participants.a. looker-onb. lookers-onc. looker-onsd. lookers-onsb15. some are flying kites near the river.a. chil

14、db. boyc. boysd. childsc16. mr. smith always has to tell us.a. some good pieces of newsb. some pieces of good newsc. some good piece of newsd. some piece of good newsb17. twelve were hurt、 but no were lost in that accident.a. person; lifeb. people; livesc. peoples; livesd. persons; lifeb18. in the view of the foreign experts、 there wasn t oil here.a. muchb. lots ofc. a great deal ofd. manya19. the police investi