linux命令的由来(建议收藏)

1、linux 命令的由来linux 简介命令缩写：ls：list(列出名目内容)cd：change directory（转变名目）su:switch user 切换用户 rpm:redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器pwd:print work directory 打印当前名目 显示出当前工作名目的确定路径ps: process status(进程状态，类似于 windows 的任务管理器) 常用参数：auxf ps -auxf 显示进程状态df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或名目中，还剩多少自由

2、的空间。rpm： 即 redhat package management，是 redhat 的创造之一 rmdir：remove directory（删除目录）rm：remove（删除名目或文件）cat: concatenate 连锁 cat file1 file2>>file3 把文件 1 和文件 2 的内容联合起来放到 file3 中insmod: install module,载入模块ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式mkdir ： make directory(创建名目 touchman: manualpwd：print worki

3、ng directory su：swith usercd：change directory ls：list files ps：process status mkdir：make directoryrmdir：remove directory mkfs: make file system fsck：file system check cat: concatenateuname: unix name df: disk freedu: disk usage lsmod: list modules mv: move filerm: remove file cp: copy fileln: link f

4、ilesfg: foreground bg: backgroundchown: change owner chgrp: change groupchmod: change mode umount: unmountdd: 原来应依据其功能描述“convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“c complier”，所以命名为“dd”tar：tape archiveldd：list dynamic dependencies insmod：install module rmmod：remove module lsmod：list module文件结尾的“rc“（如.bash

5、rc、.xinitrc 等）：resource configurationknnxxx / snnxxx（位于 rcx.d 名目下）：k（kill）；s(service)；nn（执行挨次号）； xxx（服务标识）.a（扩展名 a）：archive，static library.so（扩展名 so）：shared object，dynamically linked library.o（扩展名 o）：object file，complied result of c/csource file rpm：red hat package managerdpkg：debian package manager

6、apt：advanced package too（l命令缩debian 或基于 debian 的发行版中供应）部分 linuxbin = binaries #下面的是一些二进制程序文件/dev = devices#下面的是一些硬件驱动/etc = etcetera #名目存放着各种系统配置文件, 类似于 windows 下的 system、/lib = library/proc = processes/sbin = superuser binaries/tmp = temporary/usr = unix shared resources/var = variable ?/boot=boot

7、#下面的是开机启动文件fifo = first in, first outgrub = grand unified bootloader ifs = internal field seperators lilo = linux loadermysql = my 是最初作者女儿的名字，sql = structured query language php = personal home page tools = php hypertext preprocessorps = prompt stringperl = “pratical extraction and report language“

8、= “pathologically eclectic rubbish lister“ python 得名于电视剧 monty python”s flying circustcl = tool command language tk = toolkitvt = video terminalyast = yet another setup tool apache = “a patchy“ serverapt = advanced packaging tool ar = archiveras = assemblerawk = “aho weiberger and kernighan“ 三个作者的姓的

9、第一个字母bash = bourne again shellbc = basic (better) calculator bg = backgroundbiff = 作者 heidi stettner 在 u.c.berkely 养的一条狗,宠爱对邮递员汪汪叫。cal = calendarcat = catenatecd = change directory chgrp = change group chmod = change mode chown = change owner chsh = change shell cmp = comparecobra = common object re

10、quest broker architecturecomm = common cp = copycpio = copy in and out cpp = c pre processor cron = chronos 希腊文时间cups = common unix printing system cvs = current version systemdaemon = disk and execution monitor pardc = desk calculatordd = disk dump df = disk free diff = differencedmesg = diagnostic

11、 message du = disk usageed = editoregrep = extended grepelf = extensible linking format elm = electronic mailemacs = editor macros eval = evaluateex = extended exec = executefd = file descriptors fg = foreground fgrep = fixed grep fmt = formatfsck = file system check fstab = filesystem tablefvwm = f

12、* virtual window manager gawk = gnu awkgpg = gnu privacy guard groff = gnu troffhal = hardware abstraction layer joe = joe”s own editorksh = korn shelllame = lame ain”t an mp3 encoder lex = lexical analyserlisp = list processing = lots of irritating superfluous parentheses ln = link lpr = line print

13、ls = listlsof = list open filesm4 = macro processor version 4 man = manual pagesmawk = mike brennan”s awk mc = midnight commander mkfs = make filesystem mknod = make nodemotd = message of the day mozilla = mosaic godzilla mtab = mount tablemv = movenano = nano”s another editor nawk = new awknl = num

14、ber of lines nm = namesnohup = no hangup nroff = new roff od = octal dump passwd = password pg = pagerpico = pine”s message composition editorpine = “program for internet news & email“ = “pine is not elm“ ping = 拟声又 = packet internet grouperpirntcap = printer capability popd = pop directorypr =

15、preprintf = print formatted ps = processes statuspty = pseudo ttypushd = push directorypwd = print working directoryrc = runcom = run command, rc 还是 plan9 的 shell rev = reverserm = remove rn = read news roff = runoffrpm = rpm package manager = redhat package manager rsh, rlogin, rvim 中的r = remoterxv

16、t = our xvt seamoneky = 我sed = stream editor seq = sequence shar = shell archive slrn = s-lang rnssh = secure shellssl = secure sockets layer stty = set ttysu = substitute user svn = subversion tar = tape archive tcsh = tenex c shelltee = t (t 形水管接口)telnet = teminal over network termcap = terminal c

17、apability terminfo = terminal informationtex = έ的缩写，希腊文 art tr = traslatetroff = typesetter new roff tsort = topological sort tty = teletypewritertwm = tom”s window manager tz = timezoneudev = userspace dev ulimit = user”s limit umask = user”s mask uniq = uniquevi = visual = very inconvenient vim = vi improvedwall = write all wc = word countwine = wine is not an emulator xargs = extended arguments xdm = x display managerxlfd = x logical f