FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL消防手册

1、.FIRE Page: 1PROTECTION MANUALPREFACEThe First Edition of this Manual was issued by the Calcutta Fire Insurance Association in 1906 and was brought up-to-date and re-issued in 1930. The third, fourth and fifth Editions were published jointly by the Insurance Associations of India and Pakistan in 194

2、8, 1950 and 1953 respectively to provide for the needs of the whole of the areas controlled by these Associations. The subsequent sixth, seventh and eighth Editions were published by the Fire Sectional Committees of Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi and Madras Regional Councils of the Insurance Associations o

3、f India. In the ninth Edition published in 1982, amendments and additions were effected to bring the provisions in line with current thinking on fire protection techniques and to encourage installation of fixed fire extinguishing appliances/alarm systems in relatively low hazard risks on the one han

4、d and tighten requirements for design of systems suitable for high hazard risks such as Petroleum Refineries, Petrochemical and Fertiliser Plants on the other hand, which, world-wide experience has indicated, need copious quantities of water and other extinguishing media. In this tenth Edition an ef

5、fort has been made to further update and streamline the regulations.The Manual should prove of value to factory owners and their technical personnel when dealing with matters relating to fire extinguishing appliances and also constitute a handy book of reference to Insurance officials.The maintenanc

6、e of fire extinguishing appliances in an efficient state and familiarisation with all details of operations is essential if the maximum benefit is to be derived in the emergency of an outbreak of a fire.The Manual incorporates long experience of fire protection engineering both in India and elsewher

7、e in the world. Compliance of the rules will not only obtain appropriate discount in the fire insurance premium but will also instil feeling of security that the presence of an efficient fire-fighting equipment should engender. Direct loss from fire and the resultant wastage is always serious but th

8、e indirect loss and the resultant dislocation of business is often much more serious.The Regional Offices of Tariff Adv. Committee maintain an inspection staff of qualified engineers, specialists in fire protection and prevention engineering and practice in all its aspects. The services of this staf

9、f are available to make recommendations and carry out inspections in keeping with the nature of work. (All references to Committee or staff thereof in this preface and in the body of the Manual apply to the Committee controlling the territory within which the risk is situated).The Manual initially d

10、eals with portable appliances and small bore hose reels, which are considered as first-aid appliances. The regulations regarding trailer pumps are covered next. The last part is devoted to fixed external protection in the form of a hydrant system which is considered the backbone of the entire fire-f

11、ighting operations as it fights fires of serious proportions in all classes of risks and continues to do so even in the event of a collapse of the buildings/structures protected. High-rise buildings which have become a common feature of modern society present inherent fire hazard as fire brigades ar

12、e often helpless in the face of fires in such structures and are unable to save human lives and fight fires effectively with traditional methods. A separate section has, therefore, been devoted for prescribing the specialised type of protection required by these structures.In case it is desired to i

13、nstall any appliances, which are not covered by this manual, assistance and advice may be obtained from the inspection staff maintained by the Regional Offices.Wherever reference to any Indian Standard appears in this Manual, it should be taken as a reference to its latest version.* * * * * * * * *

14、* * * * * * * * *FIRE PROTECTION MANUALREQUIREMENTS REGARDING SUBMISSION OF PLANS: Plans for submission to the Committee shall be drawn up in accordance with the following requirements: -1.1. Plans shall be clear, contain all required details including scale and point of Compass and shall be dated.1

15、.2. Plans of new installations shall show the entire Compound; all buildings therein, with their door and window openings, and the boundary walls. Buildings under construction and future extension envisaged shall be indicated by dotted lines. Plans of extensions to approved existing installations ne

16、ed not show the rest of the compound but sufficient details shall be given of the existing installations in correlation to the extension, to enable the Committees Inspection Staff to check the plans and offer comments. In case of storeyed buildings, drawings submitted shall include plans of each sto

17、rey together with sectional elevations. The locations and details of fire access staircases together with the arrangements of hydrants on their landings shall also be shown. Further, a Table showing List of Blocks protected as per Committees rules should be given. 1.3. Material: Plans shall be on Wh

18、ite paper or Ammonia paper or Ferro Prussiate paper.1.4. Plans shall generally be prepared in accordance with IS: 696, shall not exceed 850 x 1200 mm in size and shall be drawn to a scale not exceeding 1:500 or 1:1000. In the case of very large compounds with more than one risk, it is advisable to s

19、ubmit separate plans for each risk with a key showing the relative situation of the various risk etc. in the compounds. 1.5. Signs -1.5.1 Pucca walls to be shown by double lines, doors and windows being clearly marked. W D 1.5.2 Iron or other non-masonry walls to be shown by a thin line and nature o

20、f Construction indicated.1.5.3 Perfect Party Walls (PPW) to be indicated by the sign T at each end of the wall, or have the letters PPW alongside or across them at regular intervals and marked in distinctive colour. 1.5.4 Fireproof doors and/or Shutters to be marked as follows - Single Fireproof Doo

21、r and/or Shutter SFD Double Fireproof Doors and/or Shutters DFD1.5.5 Elevated fire service tanks to be shown hatched and their capacity and height of base above the highest roof to be stated.N.B. In case of multipurpose elevated tanks, the capacity reserved for sprinkler installation to be indicated

22、 instead of the total capacity.1.5.6 Sky lights to be marked Sky Lights or " SL".1.5.7 Boiler to be shown by a rectangular figure marked Boiler.BOILER1.5.8 Hydrant Mains to be shown by a red line; the diameter, length and number of pipes being marked alongside and specials and reducers to

23、be clearly indicated. . . . . mm LENGTH OF _ M EACH1.5.9 Hydrant Heads to be shown by red circles not less than 3 mm in diameter and marked SH. Double Hydrant to be indicated by double circles and marked DH.1.5.10 Water Monitors to be shown by a circle with an oblique arrow through it and marked, “W

24、M” WM1.5.11 Cut-off valves to be marked/drawn across the mains.1.5.12 Sprinkler and Hydrant pumps to be clearly marked and the capacity and head to be indicated in each case.1.5.13 Pump(s) suction piping to be shown dotted and diameter indicated.1.5.14 Surface fire service Water tanks and reservoirs

25、 to be shown to scale and average depth indicated. 1.5.15 Sprinkler trunk mains to be shown by a blue line, the sizes being marked alongside. . . . . . . mm SPK MAIN1.5.16 Fire alarm bells to be shown by blue circles and marked FAB.ð F.A.B1.5.17 Sprinklered blocks to be marked S S1.5.18 Oil, so

26、lvent, acid and other chemical tanks to be drawn to scale and suitably marked.1.5.19 Open storage areas to be clearly shown by hatched outlines and marked Open Storage Site for.1.5.20 Electric cable(s) for the fire pump(s) to be shown in green line(s)_* * * * * * * * *2. PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN

27、THE CASE OF APPLICATION FOR DISCOUNTS:2.0 The sanction of discounts off insurance premiums shall necessarily follow consideration by the Regional Office (TAC) all details of the risk including manufacturing processes involved and the protective appliances to be installed in order to ensure that the

28、Standards laid down have been fully observed. To prevent confusion or disappointment, definite rules for procedure have been laid down as follows: - 2.1 Proposals for the installation of appliances shall be submitted to the Regional Office (TAC) by the Leading Office on the risk and shall comprise-

29、2.1.1 Material specifications of equipment and components of the installation, indicating the name of manufacturers, Standards/Specifications and name of approving authority, if any.2.1.2 In the case of internal appliances, details of the areas of the various compartments, their occupation and the q

30、uantities and types of appliances proposed.2.1.3 In the case of sprinkler and hydrant installation, fully dimensioned plans in duplicate as called for in Item 1.2.1.4 In addition to the above, the following details would be necessary in the case of hydrant installation -a) (I) Drawings showing layou

31、t of the entire hydrant system, incorporating type of joints, details of pump and its prime mover. Another table giving the details of single headed and double headed hydrants, internal hydrants, fire escape hydrants, no. of hose pipes (15 m and 7.5 m length) and branch pipe with nozzles including 1

32、0 % spares, mode of distribution of those pipes and total equivalent no. of hydrants should be included. There should be a table showing the percentage of various pipe diameters used in the systems. a) II) Typical sectional elevation drawing showing the height, dimensions etc. of the stand post for

33、single headed hydrant, double headed hydrants, monitors specifying diameter of nozzle, riser mains and landing valve of riser mains of FEH, Cut-Off valve chambers in plan and elevation should be incorporated. a) III) In case of blocks having upper floors, separate upper floors plans showing the loca

34、tions, fire escape hydrants (FEH) and staircases, sectional elevational drawings of the escape staircase; Riser main and location of landing valve of FEH should be submitted, preferably along with, civil construction (architects) drawings of individual blocksN.B. In the case of storeyed blocks, floo

35、r area of each floor, with particulars of fire proof shutters of fireproof door and nearest machinery, wired glass windows etc. to be marked. b) Layout of pump house showing clearly the suction, delivery and priming (if any) arrangements along with full scale drawing of pump, motor, diesel engine, D

36、G Control panel, MCC for electric driven pumps, Valves etc. c) Details of water storage tanks giving particular of compartmentation and jack-well, details of inflow and particulars of tapings for other purposes, if any with water reservoir capacity RCC or steel lined or un-lined, combined process wa

37、ter or exclusive fire water reservoir should be given. d) Sub-station location in relation to other blocks if the pump is electrically driven. If the substation is attached to any other building, the details of segregation from adjoining buildings, indicating transformer room, LT, HT, location of ch

38、ange-over-switch, DG Room etc. e) Plans of Sub-Station showing thickness of internal walls and equipment layout along with single line schematic diagram of the pump from the main substation to the “Fire Pump room” along with tapping, circuit breaker and switch fuse units.f) Route of cable from Sub-S

39、tation to fire pump house.g) Schematic circuit line diagram showing power supply inside the fire pump room.h) Legend explaining the various symbols used shown should be given.2.2 Discounts will be considered only if all hand appliances and their accessories as well as all components of hydrant, spri

40、nkler and other fire protection systems are of a type and make, approved by the Tariff Advisory Committee. 2.3 No discounts will be considered for a sprinkler or hydrant system unless the same has been hydraulically tested with trenches open atleast once during the course of installation by the Comm

41、ittee's Inspectorate, and found in order. Further, site engineer of the Installing Contractor should maintain progress record with “protocol” duly signed by representative of the client and him.2.4 The prior submission of proposals to the Committee before the work is commenced, is essential, to

42、ensure that the installation will conform to the Committees requirements but does not dispense with the procedure laid down hereafter for application for the sanction of discounts.2.5 Application for discounts shall be submitted on special forms provided for the purpose by the Committee and shall co

43、mprise: 2.5.1 Application by the Leading Office (Appendix I)2.5.2 Guarantee by the Insured (Appendix II) 2.5.3 Schedule of Appliances (Signed by Insured) (Appendix III)2.6 In every case, a plan of the premises prepared in accordance with the requirements indicated in 1.1 to 1.5 shall accompany any a

44、pplication for a discount for fire extinguishing appliances and, in the case of sprinkler and/or hydrant installations, Installing Engineers detailed 'As Erected working drawings are essential.N.B. A Certificate of Completion from the installing Engineers stating the pressure to which the instal

45、lation(s) has been subjected and giving the date(s) from which it was in complete working order should also be submitted. Further, progress record with protocol duly signed by client, installing contractor and/or project consultants should be submitted.2.7 Even in the case of extensions to an existi

46、ng service, a complete set of forms and plants detailed in 2.5 and 2.6 above shall be submitted.2.8 Applications, which relate to discounts for appliances other than hydrants, shall also be accompanied by a plan of the premises showing the layout and distribution of appliances.2.9 No application for

47、 discount can be entertained until the relative appliances are complete, in position, ready for use and fully operative. An appropriate discount or allowance will be sanctioned by the Committee from the date of the completed application, (in accordance with 2.5 and 2.6 above) subject to the applianc

48、es being found in order on inspection by the Committees Inspectorate. In the event of the installation being found incomplete or defective, the discount will be with held (or withdrawn if already notified) until the detects have been rectified to the satisfaction of the Committee. 2.10 No allowance

49、shall be made for Fire Extinguishing Appliances until notified by the Committee either by letter or circular, and then, with effect only from the date specified in such notification.2.11 Discounts sanctioned solely on account of installation of internal appliances will be valid for a period of four

50、years only; hence fresh applications, accompanied by the report of the Engineers of the Insurance Company (as per Appendix IV) shall be submitted every four years.2.12 Proposals for the installation of appliances not specifically covered by these rules shall first be submitted to the Committee for a

51、pproval.2.13 Offices and the insured are requested not to change block numbers as this naturally affects the Committees records and causes confusion. If block numbers have to be changed, the Committee shall be notified at once.2.14 Discounts sanctioned for installation of appliances shall normally s

52、tand withdrawn in the event of a strike or lockout in the premises for duration of seven days or more. For this reason, it is imperative that the Committee be apprised as soon as a strike or lockout is declared.* * * * * * * *3. COMMITTEE'S INSPECTION STAFF: 3.1 The Committee undertakes, as far

53、as possible, the periodical inspection of all premises in which fire extinguishing appliances, entitling the risk to special discounts or ratings for such appliances, are installed. For this purpose, the Committees Inspection Engineers shall have the right of access to the premises of the Insured at

54、 any time with or without giving any prior notice.3.2 The Primary duty of the Inspectors is to report to the Committee on the condition and efficiency of the appliances installed as well as to ensure the regulations are being observed. They will, however, give help and advice in the maintenance of t

55、he appliances and on matters pertaining to fire protection and prevention.3.3 The attention of the Inspecting Engineers shall be drawn, during their visits, to any changes effected since the previous inspection or to any contemplated extensions and alterations to the existing services. This procedur

56、e does not, however, dispense with the necessity of advising the Insurance Company or Companies interested on the risk of any changes, which affect the plan of the risk or the details of the appliances, recorded with Committee.* * * * * * * * *4. INTERNAL APPLIANCES -4. Internal appliances generally

57、 consist of hand appliances (first aid appliances) and hose reels.4.1 HAND APPLIANCES - 4.1.1 GENERAL 4.1.1.1 Hand appliances comprise buckets and extinguishers.4.1.1.2 ALL APPLIANCES INCLUDING EXTINGUISHER REFILLS AND FOAM COMPOUND SHALL BE IN CAPACITIES INDICATED IN THE RELEVANT INDIAN STANDARDS SPECIFICATION AND SHALL BEAR ISI CERTIFICATION MARK. (Accessories including extingu